scholarly journals Health Care System in the Ukrainian SSR and the Attempts to Reform It

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Vira Volonyts ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
The Status ◽  
Systemic Crisis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Destructive Processes ◽  
Care System

The purpose of the article is to describe the ways to update the health care system in the Ukrainian SSR in the historical retrospective. The methodological basis of the study is the principles of objectivity, historicism and systematization with the use of general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization and combination with a special historical (chronological) method. The scientific novelty of the publication lies in a comprehensive analysis of the domestic health care system and ways to reform it in the Soviet period. In order to expand research prospects, it is proposed to include the issues of formation, development, and attempts to reform the health care system to a number of current issues in the history of Ukraine. Conclusions. The Soviet model of the health care system, formed under strict state regulation, was distinguished by the only possible source of budget funding, was free of charge, and was accessible to all, partially was rewarding in conditions of significant socio-political and large-scale biological challenges. It has made it possible to reduce mortality by introducing preventive and anti-epidemic measures and providing access to medical services in the most remote parts of the country. However, all these achievements, under the conditions of extensive type of development of the medical sphere, mainly quantitative growth of indicators and chronic underfunding, vanished very quickly, and the system proved to be ineffective and inconsistent with the requirements of the time. Partially aware of all the risks that could lead to a systemic crisis, the Soviet leaders made several attempts to suspend the inevitable destructive processes. Unfortunately, most of the decisions made to expand possible funding, increase the status of the primary outpatient clinic, the introduction of limited market mechanisms, were mostly declarative in nature as the most important issue remained unresolved - the elimination of the residual principle of financing the industry.

scholarly journals Palliative Care as Response to Suffering at End of Life

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-245
Author(s):  
Daniela Moşoiu
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Spiritual Distress ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hospice And Palliative Care ◽  
Care System

Abstract Persons suffering from chronic and life limiting illnesses often have unrelieved symptoms such as pain, depression, fatigue, and psychosocial and spiritual distress. In Romania they are frequently left in the care of their families with little support from the health care system. It seems a paradox that those who are the sickest persons in a country find little place in the health care system. This article presents palliative care as a solution to the suffering for these patients and their families by describing the concept, models of services, its beneficiaries and benefits and presenting the history of development of hospice and palliative care worldwide and in Romania.

Economic development trends and aspects of healthcare reform in Russia under COVID-2019 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-513
Author(s):  
Natalya Krivenko
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
State Of The Economy ◽  
Care System

The article is aimed at studying the state of the Russian economy and health care system before and after the COVID-2019 pandemic, identifying the main trends in the economy and health care, regardless of the pandemic, as well as its impact on the socioeconomic development of the country. The interrelation and mutual influence of the levels of development of the economy and health care of the country is noted. An analysis of the state of the economy and health care system in Russia for 2017–2019 is presented, problems and achievements in the pre-pandemic period are identified. The COVID-2019 pandemic is considered not only from the point of view of a medical manifestation but as a powerful trigger that provoked large-scale socioeconomic changes in the world, as a bifurcation point in world development, requiring states to objectively assess the state of the economy and healthcare, revise the current coordinate system, getting out of the state of uncertainty and choosing promising areas of socioeconomic development. A cross-country analysis of the response of various health systems to the COVID-19 pandemic has shown the advantages of countries with centralized management, health financing, and subordinate sanitary and epidemiological services. Along with the achievements of Russia in the fight against COVID-19, the existing specific problems of the domestic health care system are noted, which negatively affected the preparedness for a pandemic. Analyzed the consequences of the COVID-2019 pandemic for the socio-economic state of countries at the global level. The change in socio-economic indicators in Russia in 2020 compared to 2019 is presented as a result of the consequences of the COVID-2019 pandemic. The main results of the study are to identify the main trends in the development of the economy and the healthcare system in Russia in the context of the ongoing COVID-2019 pandemic, defining the directions of reforming the national healthcare, trajectories of increasing the level of socioeconomic development of the country

scholarly journals NURSE IN THE POLISH HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1771-1779
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Paszkowska
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The Status ◽  
Medical Order ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Care System

Nurses are the largest group of Polish medical staff. There are currently approximately 230,000 nurses employed in Poland. There is a statutory profession for many years. Nurses provide health services on the basis of a medical order or on their own. As a result of changes in the law, the scope of their professional competences has been increasing for several years, including to independently administer medicines and issue prescriptions. The purpose of the article is to present and analyze legal norms determining the status of a nurse in the Polish health care system. In addition, the definition of the statutory principles of cooperation between doctors and nurses. The analysis shows that changes in law in recent years have significantly influenced the increase in the role of nurses in the health care system and they are also relevant to the practice of the medical profession.

The Economics, Management and Psychology in Medicine Association from Moldova − institutional member of ALASS

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-68
Author(s):  
Constantin Etco ◽  
◽  
Dumitru Siscanu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Health Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Care System

In the article the history of origine of the International Latin Association of Health Care System Analylis, its functions and different scientific problems which refl ect the health level of population in different countries, is presented. Besides of that, there are information about Association of the Republic of Moldova, which is a collective member from 2007 and it’s 4–8 persons make reports every year. There are given recommendations, how to become Personal or Collective Member of ALASS.

Public-private: unequal competition Israeli public hospitals vs the private health-care system following government reforms

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lior Naamati Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
Government Reforms ◽  
Care System

Purpose This study aims to map perceptions and changes in public hospitals in response to competition with the private health system, describes solutions adopted by the public hospitals and considers their implications for the business and strategic management of those hospitals. Design/methodology/approach This paper opted for a qualitative study using the open-ended approach of grounded theory, including 40 in-depth interviews with key figures in the health system and administrators at various levels of management. Findings Public hospitals are constantly adopting changes because of state-mandated reforms and growing competition with private hospitals. Notable measures include making hospitals customer-oriented and adopting business-oriented behaviors and competitive and marketing strategies. However, because public hospitals are unable to institute radical changes, they typically introduce hybrid services (private services within public services) and other creative solutions such as business-funded research foundations operating alongside them. Research limitations/implications The main methodological limitation of this study was the difficulty in obtaining data because of the limited cooperation and lack of transparency of Israel’s health-care system. The interviewees expressed concerns that their department or hospital would appear in a negative light, especially as motivated solely by financial considerations. In anticipation of this difficulty, requests for participation were addressed individually and contained extensive detail regarding the study, the ethics committee’s approval, the data gathering and the strict maintenance of anonymity and confidentiality. Originality/value Adopting business-oriented behaviors in public hospitals is somewhat contrary to the principles of public medicine. Their adaptation to the market is partial, and their creative hybrid solutions require state regulation. The absence of controls leads to duplication and waste, causing various problems, including increased social inequality, costs and deficits.

scholarly journals Конкурентоспособность и тенденции развития современного рынка медицинских услуг в Республике Казахстан

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.E. Rakhimbekova ◽  
A.M. Kazybayeva ◽  
А.Е. Рахимбекова ◽  
А.М. Казыбаева
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Systemic Crisis ◽  
Systemic Problems ◽  
Care System

Over the past ten years, such enormous changes have occurred in the country and in the healthcare system that it became necessary to develop and adopt new and appropriate development programs for one of the most complex sectors, which would reflect and concentrate all social, political, economic and other problems. the transition period and the period of recovery from the systemic crisis, which for a number of objective reasons turned out to be longer than expected. These changes are necessary to improve and increase the competitiveness of elements of the health care system, as well as the system as a whole. This article reflects the main directions of development of the health care system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. To effectively manage health care, as well as to ensure that citizens exercise the rights and obligations guaranteed by the state, a common understanding, including in law enforcement practice, of legal norms in the field of health care is necessary. The analysis of the healthcare system showed the presence of systemic problems that need to be solved with the help of economic levers and increasing the competitiveness of medical organizations. These problems directly affect not only the healthcare system, but also the country's economy as a whole. Key words: competitiveness, healthcare, economic growth, efficiency, social problems, systemic crisis, educational programs, international healthcare system, quality system, Kazakhstan За последние десять лет в стране и в системе здравоохранения произошли такие огромные изменения, что возникла необходимость в разработке и принятии новых и соответствующих программ развития для одного из самых сложных секторов, которые отражали бы и концентрировали все социально-политические, экономическиеи другие проблемы переходного периода и периода выхода из системного кризиса, который по ряду объективных причин оказался более длительным, чем ожидалось. Эти изменения необходимы для улучшения и повышения конкурентоспособности элементов системы здравоохранения, а также системы в целом. В данной статье отражены основные направления развития системы здравоохранения Республики Казахстан. Для эффективного управления здравоохранением, а также обеспечения реализации гражданами прав и обязанностей, гарантированных государством, необходимо общее понимание, в том числе в правоприменительной практике, правовых норм в сфере здравоохранения. Анализ системы здравоохранения показал наличие системных проблем которые необходимо решить с помощью экономических рычагов и повышения конкурентоспособности медицинских организации. Данные проблемы напрямуюзатрагивают не только систему здравоохранения, но и экономику страны в целом.

scholarly journals An Overview of Single Hospital Based Study on Industrial Related Accidental Injuries Needing Plastic Surgical Solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Somashekar Gejje ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Industrial Accidents ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Industrial Injuries ◽  
Care System

Industrial accidents are the major cause of industrial injuries. In 1956, a WHO group defined an accident as “an unpremeditated event resulting in recognizable damage. Causes of industrial injuries are classified as injury due to mechanical failure, injury due to defective material, injury due to electronic failure and injury due to faulty design of equipment and injury due to environmental condition. General Principles of managing industrial related injuries are: Elimination/Substitution, Engineering Control, Administrative Controls, Work Practice Controls, Personal Protective Equipment PPE. However every year throughout the world there are many industrial accidents and the world is paying heavily for that (i.e., for accidents and injuries) in terms of both human suffering and huge economic loss. A proper health care system should, therefore, be provided for control and prevention of industrial accidents among workers during their working period. Hence, in developing an efficient health care system, proper information on the status of occupational accidents/injuries in the industry are prime factors to be gathered. Keywords: Industry, Injuries, Reconstruction.

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