scholarly journals ABOUT DEVELOPMENT OF BIOFUEL TECHNOLOGIES

2015 ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Varekhov ◽  
O. V. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
Technological Diversification ◽  
The World ◽  
Destructive Hydrogenation ◽  
Technological Methods ◽  
Vegetable Material

The article reviews the world experience of technological diversification in the fuel hydrocarbons production sphere. It is shown that the lost classical technologies, such as coals destructive hydrogenation and coals gasification, are reviving on a new technology basis. Some technological methods of receiving liquid fuels from biomass of various origin are analyzed. The technological schemes of production of biofuels of three generations using a natural vegetable material, various productions wastes, as well as biomass of water organisms as a carbon source are presented. The estimation was made of production outputs and costs of synthetic fuels (dimethyl ether, biodimethyl ether, biodiesel, gasoline and others). The conditions for development of biofuel technologies were formulated.

Microscopic versus process parameters in heavy-oil upgrading

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-367
Author(s):  
V.A. Munoz ◽  
R.J. Mikula ◽  
C. Payette ◽  
W.W. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Heavy Oils ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Optical Texture ◽  
Polar Groups ◽  
Anisotropic Character ◽  
Planar Molecules

The transformation of high molecular weight components present in heavy oils into useable liquid fuels requires their decomposition by means of a variety of processes. The low molecular weight species produced recombine under controlled conditions to generate synthetic fuels. However, an important fraction undergo further recombination into higher molecular weight components, leading to the formation of coke. The optical texture of the coke can be related to its originating components. Those with high sulfur and oxygen content tend to produce cokes with small optical texture or fine mosaic, whereas compounds with relatively high hydrogen content are likely to produce large optical texture or domains. In addition, the structure of the parent chemical components, planar or nonplanar, determines the isotropic or anisotropic character of the coke. Planar molecules have a tendency to align in an approximately parallel arrangement to initiate the formation of the nematic mesophase leading to the formation of anisotropic coke. Nonplanar highly alkylated compounds and/or those rich in polar groups form isotropic coke. The aliphatic branches produce steric hindrance to alignment, whereas the polar groups participate in cross-linking reactions.

The Process of Globalization and Its Impact on Media

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Veton Zejnullahi
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
World Order ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Media Access ◽  
Four Corners ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Human Eyes ◽  
The Impact

The process of globalization, which many times is considered as new world order is affecting all spheres of modern society but also the media. In this paper specifically we will see the impact of globalization because we see changing the media access to global problems in general being listed on these processes. We will see that the greatest difficulties will have small media as such because the process is moving in the direction of creating mega media which thanks to new technology are reaching to deliver news and information at the time of their occurrence through choked the small media. So it is fair to conclude that the rapid economic development and especially the technology have made the world seem "too small" to the human eyes, because for real-time we will communicate with the world with the only one Internet connection, and also all the information are take for the development of events in the four corners of the world and direct from the places when the events happen. Even Albanian space has not left out of this process because the media in the Republic of Albania and the Republic of Kosovo are adapted to the new conditions under the influence of the globalization process. This fact is proven powerful through creating new television packages, written the websites and newspapers in their possession.

Efficient Production of Light Olefin Based on Methanol Dehydration: Simulation and Design Improvement

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Majid Abdoli ◽  
Mahsa Kianinia
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Light Olefins ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Light Olefin ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Improved Design

Background: Ethylene, propylene, and butylene as light olefins are the most important intermediates in the petrochemical industry worldwide. Methanol to olefins (MTO) process is a new technology based on catalytic cracking to produce ethylene and propylene from methanol. Aims and Objective: This study aims to simulate the process of producing ethylene from methanol by using Aspen HYSYS software from the initial design to the improved design. Methods: Ethylene is produced in a two-step reaction. In an equilibrium reactor, the methanol is converted to dimethyl ether by an equilibrium reaction. The conversion of the produced dimethyl ether to ethylene is done in a conversion reactor. Changes have been made to improve the conditions and get closer to the actual process design done in the industry. The plug flow reactor has been replaced by the equilibrium reactor, and the distillation column was employed to separate the dimethyl ether produced from the reactor. Result and Conclusion: The effect of the various parameters on the ethylene production was investigated. Eventually, ethylene is

The Age of Em

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Career Paths ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Wealth Inequality ◽  
Moral Progress ◽  
Fast Computer ◽  
The World ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Detailed Picture

Robots may one day rule the world, but what is a robot-ruled Earth like? Many think the first truly smart robots will be brain emulations or ems. Scan a human brain, then run a model with the same connections on a fast computer, and you have a robot brain, but recognizably human. Train an em to do some job and copy it a million times: an army of workers is at your disposal. When they can be made cheaply, within perhaps a century, ems will displace humans in most jobs. In this new economic era, the world economy may double in size every few weeks. Some say we can't know the future, especially following such a disruptive new technology, but Professor Robin Hanson sets out to prove them wrong. Applying decades of expertise in physics, computer science, and economics, he uses standard theories to paint a detailed picture of a world dominated by ems. While human lives don't change greatly in the em era, em lives are as different from ours as our lives are from those of our farmer and forager ancestors. Ems make us question common assumptions of moral progress, because they reject many of the values we hold dear. Read about em mind speeds, body sizes, job training and career paths, energy use and cooling infrastructure, virtual reality, aging and retirement, death and immortality, security, wealth inequality, religion, teleportation, identity, cities, politics, law, war, status, friendship and love. This book shows you just how strange your descendants may be, though ems are no stranger than we would appear to our ancestors. To most ems, it seems good to be an em.

scholarly journals Research on the Management System of Science and Technology Incubator

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Technology Incubator ◽  
Technology Incubators

Science and technology incubator, as an organization dedicated to serving science and technology enterprises, has many functions, such as cultivating small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises, transforming science and technology into productivity, adjusting regional and national industrial structure, promoting the development of high and new technology industries, and promoting employment. Since the emergence of the first business incubator in the United States in the 1950s, this new form of social and economic organization has been developing rapidly all over the world, and has cultivated a large number of successful enterprises, which initially made great contributions to promoting the development of the world economy. However, with the increasing number of science and technology incubators and the rapid development of science and technology enterprises, various problems in the management system and operation mode of science and technology incubators are gradually exposed, which seriously affects the sustainable development of science and technology incubators in China. In view of this, based on the analysis of the current situation of science and technology incubator management in China, this paper puts forward the construction strategy of standardized management system of science and technology incubator in order to promote the scientific development of science and technology incubator in China.

scholarly journals Using Technology in Pedagogically Responsive Ways to Support Literacy Learners

2009 ◽  
pp. 203-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Kervin ◽  
Jessica Mantei ◽  
Jan Herrington
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Authentic Learning ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Literate Practices ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Literacy Learners

In this chapter the authors discuss two central themes: the changing nature of literate activity brought about by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), and suggestions for how educators could respond to this guided by principles of authentic learning. The access many young people have to ICT has resulted in new forms of literacy as they manipulate technology, using this new knowledge to assist the process of meaning making. Each new technology brings with it navigational concepts, space to negotiate, new genres and a range of modalities, all of which need to be interpreted. ICTs have the potential to reshape literate practices in classrooms as students create, collect, store and use knowledge as they connect and collaborate with people and resources across the world. What is crucial though, is that the nexus between technology and literacy within classrooms is conceptualised through meaningful, relevant and authentic connections with curricula.

scholarly journals Intelligent Devices in Rural Wireless Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Daniel Fuentes ◽  
Rosalía Laza ◽  
Antonio Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Experience Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Intelligent Devices ◽  
The Cost

The rural wireless networks are increasingly in demand by associations and autarchies to expand Internet access in this type of areas. The problem of such solutions centers not only in network deployment and its maintenance, but also in the equipment installation on clients, which always has big costs. This installation and configuration must be performed by a technician on site, so that the equipment can be integrated in the infrastructure. To try to mitigate this problem, it is presented a solution that allows the clients to install, with transparency, the device at home, reducing not only the cost for the management entity but also for the clients. This way, for info-excluded people or with new technology low experience level, it is the user that integrates himself in the network, making him part of the process, fostering the network usage.In this article are specified not only the system architecture but also the way that it works and how it obtains the desirable result. The tests made to the solution show the quickness, reliability and autonomy in the execution of the tasks, making it a benefit for rural wireless networks.This solution, by its robustness and simplicity, allowed an uptake to the IT by people who never thought to do it, namely an advanced age group (elderly) who want to join the world of the new technologies

scholarly journals Digital Workflow for Homemade Aligner

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalal Elmoutawakkil ◽  
Nabil Hacib
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
The World ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
Dental Profession ◽  
Dental Offices ◽  
Clear Aligner

Advanced digital technology is rapidly changing the world, as well as transforming the dental profession. The adoption of digital technologies in dental offices allied with efficient processes and accurate high-strength materials are replacing conventional aligners workflows to improve overall patients’ experiences and outcomes. Various digital devices such as 3D printers, intraoral and face scanners, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), software for computer 3D ortho setup, and 3D printing provide new potential alternatives to replace the traditional outsourced workflow for aligners. With this new technology, the entire process for bringing clear aligner production in-office can significantly reduce laboratory bills and increase patient case acceptance to provide high-quality and customized aligner therapy.

Background and Foreground: Getting Things in Context

1987 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Knight
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Information Retrieval ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Reader ◽  
The World ◽  
Exact Reproduction ◽  
The 1960S

Historians generally grumble at the liberties taken with letters and papers by editors and biographers in the past, while reviewers may complain at the professorial pomposities which interfere with the reader's interaction with the text. Certainly, reading is not a mere matter of information retrieval or of source-mining, but a meeting of minds, and any over-zealous editing which makes this more difficult will have failed. Editors, whether of journals or of documents, are midwives of ideas—self-effacingly bringing an author's meaning and style into the world. What reviewers praise is the unobtrusive, and what they damn is ‘a manner at once slapdash and intrusive’, making allowances perhaps for an ‘introduction which is as admirable as his footnotes are useless’. When in the 1960s new technology brought us a flood of facsimile reprints of scientific works, some avoided these problems by appearing naked and unashamed: but for a text on phrenology, or for Goethe's Theory of Colours, a fig leaf or two of commentary is really necessary to help the innocent reader to interact with the book. Facsimiles of nineteenth-century editions of Wilkins' papers, of some Newton correspondence, or of Henry More's poetry are even more problematic; the reader should know that these editors' assumptions cannot be taken for granted, and that their introductions are themselves historical documents. The exact reproduction of misprints and misbindings (giving pages out of order and misnumbered) is of dubious assistance to the modern reader.

What is the Opposite of a Knowledge Society?

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Kajsa Hallberg Adu
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Development Paradigm ◽  
Opening Up

This chapter offers a critical examination of the “collaborative development model” (UNESCO, 2005) or the Knowledge Societies discourse. By comparing international indicators and flagship publications of the Knowledge Economy and the Knowledge Society, the author uncovers a paradox: How can an idea centered on knowledge, sharing, and openness further cement global and local inequalities? By employing Southern/decolonizing theory, the author suggests a response from the Global South that allows for a more complex, symphonic, and inclusive development paradigm, compared to the Western ideas of linear stages of development. Three core aspects of Knowledge Societies are highlighted: The value of sharing, financing of education, and knowledge-on-knowledge. The author contends that fully embracing the concept of Knowledge Societies entails much more than country level indexing and benchmarking; it means opening up the world in terms of trade, mobility, and data, employing new technology in cross border collaborations and acknowledging our humanity's interconnectedness or ubuntu.

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