scholarly journals Perverse Economies of Intimate and Personal Labour

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Pooja Satyogi
Keyword(s):  
Return To Work ◽  
Domestic Workers ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The City

In India, the ‘unlock’ period has allowed some domestic workers to return to work; this comes amidst government advisories of greater risk of contagion generally. Drawing on ethnographic work with women domestic workers in the city of Delhi, the article delineates how formalities of social distancing and mask-wearing have begun to inflect personalised labour relationships in ways that entrench existing hierarchies enabled by caste practices. This can be evidenced from a doubling of the idea of contagion – a culturally polluted person rendered even more pestilential because of contagion, but whose service/s are, nonetheless, needed to disinfect the space of the employer’s home. With no data set available for assessing whether caste has been a variable in the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, anthropology will have to take up the responsibility of demonstrating that the latter is indeed a social phenomenon.

scholarly journals ASSESSING OPENSTREETMAP URBAN NETWORK OF ORAN CITY

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W8 ◽  
pp. 249-252
Author(s):  
B. Meguenni ◽  
M. A. Hafid
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Spatial Accuracy ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Urban Network ◽  
Urban Networks ◽  
Spatial Quality ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
The City

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> OpenStreetMap (OSM) uses the Open Database License, it is a collaborative project that collects a rich set of vector data provided by volunteers. It is a global collection of mapping data that can be used for a wide variety of purposes. Many third-party online maps are based on OpenStreetMap data. Currently, more and more large organizations are choosing OSM for their maps.</p> <p>In addition, the analysis of the spatial quality of the OSM data shows that particular care must be taken. However, there are several methods for assessing the quality of the OSM data by comparing the OSM to an authoritative dataset. In this context, it is essential to develop an automatic procedure to improve its spatial quality.</p> <p>This work proposes a quantitative method for comparing the quality of the OSM and an authoritative data set on urban networks in the city of Oran (Algeria). The procedure is based on python modules in a GIS environment and provides measurements of the spatial accuracy and completeness of the OSM road network. The method is applied to assess the quality of the Oran OSM road network data set through a comparison with the official Algerian dataset. The results show that the OSM's Algerian road network is very complete, but with low spatial accuracy.</p>

scholarly journals AUTOMATIC BLOCKED ROADS ASSESSMENT AFTER EARTHQUAKE USING HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-1-W5 ◽  
pp. 601-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Rastiveis ◽  
E. Hosseini-Zirdoo ◽  
F. Eslamizade
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
World View ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Road ◽  
Vector Map ◽  
Processing Step ◽  
Image Quality Improvement ◽  
High Resolution Satellite Imagery ◽  
The City

In 2010, an earthquake in the city of Port-au-Prince, Haiti, happened quite by chance an accident and killed over 300000 people. According to historical data such an earthquake has not occurred in the area. Unpredictability of earthquakes has necessitated the need for comprehensive mitigation efforts to minimize deaths and injuries. Blocked roads, caused by debris of destroyed buildings, may increase the difficulty of rescue activities. In this case, a damage map, which specifies blocked and unblocked roads, can be definitely helpful for a rescue team. <br><br> In this paper, a novel method for providing destruction map based on pre-event vector map and high resolution world view II satellite images after earthquake, is presented. For this purpose, firstly in pre-processing step, image quality improvement and co-coordination of image and map are performed. Then, after extraction of texture descriptor from the image after quake and SVM classification, different terrains are detected in the image. Finally, considering the classification results, specifically objects belong to “debris” class, damage analysis are performed to estimate the damage percentage. In this case, in addition to the area objects in the “debris” class their shape should also be counted. The aforementioned process are performed on all the roads in the road layer.In this research, pre-event digital vector map and post-event high resolution satellite image, acquired by Worldview-2, of the city of Port-au-Prince, Haiti's capital, were used to evaluate the proposed method. The algorithm was executed on 1200×800 m2 of the data set, including 60 roads, and all the roads were labelled correctly. The visual examination have authenticated the abilities of this method for damage assessment of urban roads network after an earthquake.

scholarly journals Nye seksualiteter, nye kjønn?

2021 ◽  
pp. 295-315
Author(s):  
Willy Pedersen ◽  
Ketil Slagstad ◽  
Tilmann von Soest
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Sexual Scripts ◽  
Sexual Script ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Heterosexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Activities ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The City

Fifty years ago, the concept “sexual script” was coined to describe sexual activities as social and learned interactions. Such scripts gradually change, however, and result in what we may label “generational sexualities”. Drawing on such theory and the Young in Oslo data set, we show that age of first heterosexual intercourse, perhaps contrary to expectations, has increased over the past two decades. We also show how debut age reflects sociodemographic and area-related characteristics in Oslo: Adolescents in the wealthy areas have a lower sexual debut age than those living in less affluent parts of the city. This pattern, however, varies with factors such as immigration, religion and the use of alcohol and social media. Further, we show that one in five no longer define themselves within the traditional homo-hetero dichotomy. We discuss whether gender identities have become more fluid, and we show that the term “queer”, with its connotations of exploration, openness and inclusion, has become popular, as opposed to older terms such as “lesbian”, “gay” or “bisexual”. Thus, strong social forces shape adolescent sexual behaviours, but sexual scripts, and sexual and gender identities, seem to allow for more variations than before.

scholarly journals PROGRAM KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL DALAM PENANGGULANGAN GELANDANGAN PENGEMIS DI KOTA SERANG BANTEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Siti Nurul Hamidah
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Education Economics ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Correct Problem ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
The City

Tramp panhandler (Gelandangan Pengemis, called: Gepeng) is a social phenomenon that is a problem for every region in Indonesia. Gepeng is a promising job for some communities. Gepeng in Serang itself varies, from which can still suffice the need to be said to be sufficient and not including the poor households (RTM), to the poor who really belong to poor households (RTM). This article aims to analyze the background of the emergence of sprawl in Serang city. This paper uses the research method of the library study, discussing the sprawl in the city of Serang to provide the correct problem solving the mitigation in the city of Serang in an effort to realize social welfare. From the results of the study obtained data that the cause factor of the person chose to be a sprawl; Physical disabilities, age, education, economics, environment and religion.

Real estate development in the city of Athens during the financial crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Nikitidou ◽  
Fragiskos Archontakis ◽  
Athanasios Tagkalakis
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Capital Financing ◽  
The City

Purpose This study aims to determine how the prices of residential properties in the Greek real estate sector are affected by their structural characteristics and by the prevailing economic factors during recession. Design/methodology/approach Based on 13,835 valuation reports for the city of Athens, covering a period of 11 years (2006–2016), this study develops a series of econometric models, taking into account both structural characteristics of the property market and the macroeconomic relevant variables. Finally, the city of Athens is divided into sub-regions and the different effects of the structural factors in each area are investigated via spatial analysis confirming the validity of the baseline model. Findings Findings show that the size, age, level, parking and storage space can explain the property price movements. Moreover, the authors find evidence that it is primarily house demand variables (e.g. the annual average wage, the unemployment rate, the user cost of capital, financing constraints and expectations about the future course of the house market) that affect house prices in a statistically significant manner and with the correct sign. Finally, using a difference-in-differences approach, this study finds that an increase in house demand (on account of net migration) led to higher house prices in smaller and older than in larger and younger apartments in areas with high concentration of immigrants. Originality/value This study uses a novel data set to help entities, individuals and policy-makers to understand how the recent economic and financial crisis has affected the real estate market in Athens.

Urban DAS recording of a vibroseismic campaign with a 21km-long dark fibre in Potsdam, Germany

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
CharLotte Krawczyk ◽  
Christopher Wollin ◽  
Stefan Lüth ◽  
Martin Lipus ◽  
Christian Cunow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Seismic Exploration ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Geothermal Potential ◽  
First Results ◽  
Local Geology ◽  
The City

&lt;p&gt;The de-carbonization strategy of the city of Potsdam, Germany, incorporates the utilization of its geothermal potential.&amp;#160; As a first step of developing a deep geothermal project for district heating, an urban seismic exploration campaign of the Stadtwerke Potsdam took place in December 2020 in the city centre of Potsdam.&amp;#160; Since urban measurements are often difficult to setup and a low-footprint alternative is sought for, we supplemented the contractor-performed Vibroseis survey along three profiles by distributed acoustic sensing (DAS).&amp;#160; In close cooperation with the municipal utilities, we interrogated a 21 km-long dark telecommunication fibre whose trajectory followed the seismic lines as close as possible.&amp;#160; This was accompanied by a network of 15 three-component geophones for further control and research.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this contribution we present the data set, the approach for geo-referencing the fibre, and first results regarding DAS recording capabilities of vibroseismic signals in an urban environment.&amp;#160; Following the paradigm that the high density of telecommunication networks in urban areas may facilitate the exploration of the often insufficiently known local geology, we strive to further shed light on the possibilities of their employment for urban exploration.&amp;#160; In this respect we aim at tackling the question of the accuracy of fibre localization, recording sensitivity and range of active stimulation.&lt;/p&gt;

Environmental factors during COVID – 19 pandemic in Campinas, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Kabke Bainy ◽  
Ana Maria Heuminski de Ávila
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Mobile Phone Data ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Air Contaminants ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

&lt;p&gt;During COVID &amp;#8211; 19 pandemic, the main strategy to prevent virus dissemination adopted worldwide was the social distancing, in different degrees (ranging from simple recommendations to the population, to complete lockdown). In this context, many studies were performed around the world to assess the impacts of such measures on the environment, specially on air quality. The reported results almost unanimously pointed to a reduction in air contaminants, mainly as a response to vehicular traffic depletion and, at some level, to reduced human and industrial activities. &amp;#160;On March 24&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, 2020, a partial lockdown was decreed in S&amp;#227;o Paulo state, Brazil, and since then it has undergone, back and forth, several stages of strictness according to contamination and hospitalization rates, being stricter whenever intensive care units (ICU) occupation increased. Our study aims to evaluate environmental aspects (air quality and meteorology) in Campinas city (S&amp;#227;o Paulo, Brazil), during the pandemic, from March 24&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; to December 31&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt;, and compare it with the weeks prior to the social distancing and with the previous year. In addition to the environmental variables, the &amp;#8220;social distancing index&amp;#8221; (obtained by using mobile phone data to assess displacements) and medical data (hospital admissions and deaths) were employed to a preliminary analysis of&amp;#160; the influence of environmental factors on COVID &amp;#8211; 19 evolution in the city.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Proximity tourism and cultural amenities: Evidence from a regional museum card

2019 ◽  
pp. 135481661989023
Author(s):  
Enrico Bertacchini ◽  
Massimiliano Nuccio ◽  
Alessandra Durio
Keyword(s):  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Cultural Amenities ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Rural Destinations ◽  
The City

Although cultural tourism has generated extensive literature, it has often overlooked proximity tourism practices and the determinants of visits to near-home cultural amenities, often located in rural destinations with lower market appeal. This article investigates visiting behaviors and characteristics of intra-regional flows from urban settings toward museums and heritage sites located in surrounding areas. We use a unique transactional data set of about 76,000 subscribers to a regional museum card in Piedmont (Italy) to analyze visiting patterns in the 2011–2014 period from the city of Turin to out-of-town cultural institutions. Our empirical analysis shows that being male, having lower socioeconomic status, visiting home-based museums, and loyalty to the card program are the most relevant factors explaining propensity to out-of-town visits. At the same time, a clear polarization of visits between a limited number of cultural attractors and the tail of minor heritage sites suggests that differences in museum characteristics can generate distinct motivations for visits to the two types of cultural institutions. From a policy perspective, although a definitive evaluation of the effect of the museum card on proximity tourism cannot be undertaken, findings suggest that bundle of minor attractions and major urban museums can generate indirect network advantages, foster cultivation of taste, and eventually stimulate both the demand for regional destinations and the development of original cultural programs.

scholarly journals The Impact of Soda Taxes: Pass-Through, Tax Avoidance, and Nutritional Effects

2020 ◽  
pp. 002224372096940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Seiler ◽  
Anna Tuchman ◽  
Song Yao
Keyword(s):  
Average Rate ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Geographic Coverage ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The authors analyze the impact of a tax on sweetened beverages using a unique data set of prices, quantities sold, and nutritional information across several thousand taxed and untaxed beverages for a large set of stores in Philadelphia and its surrounding area. The tax is passed through at an average rate of 97%, leading to a 34% price increase. Demand in the taxed area decreases by 46% in response to the tax. Cross-shopping to stores outside of Philadelphia offsets more than half of the reduction in sales in the city and decreases the net reduction in sales of taxed beverages to only 22%. There is no significant substitution to bottled water and modest substitution to untaxed natural juices. The authors show that tax avoidance through cross-shopping severely constrains revenue generation and nutritional improvement, thus making geographic coverage an important policy decision.

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