O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar o crescimento da cana-de-açúcar no município de Rio Brilhante-MS, correlacionando esse crescimento com os impactos ambientais causados pela técnica de facilitação da colheita manual com a queima da palha da cana-de-açúcar. Para compreendermos o processo expansionista canavieiro, analisamos os incentivos do governo estadual e do governo federal, por meio do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social, Fundo Constitucional do Centro-Oeste e pelo Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento. Também foram analisados dados estatísticos de órgãos públicos, entidades e intuições da área. Como considerações, foi possível demonstrar que a queima da palha da cana-de-açúcar se tornou um dos fatores que, acompanhados dos aspectos sociais e ambientais, decorrentes do processo de expansão dessa monocultura no Estado, ocasionou várias formas de degradação ambiental com alto potencial de risco a fauna e flora, além de ser prejudicial ao próprio ser humano, gerando consequências como: invasão de Biomas e as Áreas de Preservação Permanente ou de Preservação Ambiental, além da contaminação dos recursos hídricos, dos solos e poluição do ar, dando indícios que os ganhos econômicos muitas vezes se sobrepõem a um ambiente saudável.
Palavras-chave: Cana-de-açúcar; Impactos Ambientais; Queima da palha.
the sugarcane GROWTH in the municipality of Rio Brilhante-MS and the environmental impacts caused by burning straw of the sugarcane (2001 to 2010)
Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyze the growth of sugarcane in the city of Rio Brilhante-MS, correlating this growth with environmental impacts caused by manual harvesting facilitation technique with the burning straw of the sugarcane. To understand the sugarcane expansionist process, its analyzed the incentives from the state government and the federal government, through the National Bank for Economic and Social Development, the Constitutional Fund of the Midwest and the Growth Acceleration Program. Also statistical data from government agencies were analyzed, as entities and intuitions of the area. As consideration, it was possible to demonstrate that the burning of straw sugarcane became one of the factors that, together with the social and environmental aspects arising from the expansion of this monoculture process in the state, led to various forms of environmental degradation with high potential risk fauna and flora as well as being harmful to human being, generating consequences as: Biomes invasion and the Permanent Preservation Areas or Environmental Protection, and the contamination of water resources, soil and pollution of the air, giving evidence that the economic gains often overlap with healthy environmental.
Keywords: Sugar cane; Environmental impacts; Straw burning.
LA CROISSANCE DU SECTEUR cannier DANS LA MUNICIPALITÉ DE rIO BRILHANTE-MS ET LES IMPACTS ENVIRONNEMENTAUX CAUSÉS PAR LE BRÛLAGE DE LA PAILLE DE CANNE À SUCRE (2001 À 2010)
Résumé
Ce travail a pour but d’analyser le processus d’expansion de la canne à sucre dans la municipalité de Rio Brilhante-MS, en faisant un rapprochement entre cette croissance et les impacts environnementaux provoqués par la technique d’optimisation de la récolte manuelle, à savoir le brûlage de la paille de canne à sucre. Afin de mieux comprendre le processus d’expansion du secteur cannier, nous soumettons à l’analyse les programmes de soutien du gouvernement régional et du gouvernement fédéral, menés par la Banque Nationale de Développement Économique et Social, Fonds Constitutionnel de la région Centre-Ouest et par le Programme d’Accélération de la Croissance. Nous examinons également les données statistiques des organes publiques, entités et institutions concernés par le secteur cannier. Cette étude a pu démontrer que la technique de brûlage de la paille de canne à sucre est devenue, à côté des aspects sociaux et environnementaux découlant du processus d’expansion de cette monoculture dans la région, l’un des facteurs qui se trouvent à l’origine des formes diverses de dégradation environnementale à haut risque sur la faune et la flore, en plus des effets nuisibles pour l’être humain lui-même, parmi lesquels l’invasion de biomes et de zones de préservation permanente ou de préservation environnementale, la contamination des ressources hydriques, des sols et la pollution de l’air, ce qui indique que les gains économiques devancent souvent un environnement sain.
Mots-clés: Canne à sucre; Impacts environnementaux; Brûlage de paille.
Spatiotemporal variations of asthma admission rates and its relationship with environmental factors in Guangxi, China
