Hammer and Cycle

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-122
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Press Coverage ◽  
Sport History ◽  
Sports Culture ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Affective Bond ◽  
Relationship Of

This article explores the evolving relationship of the Parti Communiste Français to cycling in the interwar years. It argues that communist press coverage of the sport enriches our understanding of how the Party evolved from a marginal force in the 1920s to a mass party that had forged both an effective and affective bond with large numbers of the French working class. It examines attempts to harness and manipulate working-class enthusiasm for cycling and to project through its coverage of the sport an idealized image of the French worker. Reading sport history into the Party’s political trajectory in the interwar years reveals how the appeal to the emotions was fundamental to its evolving image as a national workers party, but also how the Party had to make accommodations between a Soviet ideal and the realities of French working-class sports culture.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Relationship between Cyniclomyces guttulatus and Rabbit Diarrhoea

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 880
Author(s):  
Tuanyuan Shi ◽  
Xinlei Yan ◽  
Hongchao Sun ◽  
Yuan Fu ◽  
Lili Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Zealand White Rabbit ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Cyniclomyces guttulatus is usually recognised as an inhabitant of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in rabbits. However, large numbers of C. guttulatus are often detected in the faeces of diarrhoeic rabbits. The relationship of C. guttulatus with rabbit diarrhoea needs to be clearly identified. In this study, a C. guttulatus Zhejiang strain was isolated from a New Zealand White rabbit with severe diarrhoea and then inoculated into SPF New Zealand white rabbits alone or co-inoculated with Eimeriaintestinalis, another kind of pathogen in rabbits. Our results showed that the optimal culture medium pH and temperature for this yeast were pH 4.5 and 40–42 °C, respectively. The sequence lengths of the 18S and 26S ribosomal DNA fragments were 1559 bp and 632 bp, respectively, and showed 99.8% homology with the 18S ribosomal sequence of the NRRL Y-17561 isolate from dogs and 100% homology with the 26S ribosomal sequence of DPA-CGR1 and CGDPA-GP1 isolates from rabbits and guinea pigs, respectively. In animal experiments, the C. guttulatus Zhejiang strain was not pathogenic to healthy rabbits, even when 1 × 108 vegetative cells were used per rabbit. Surprisingly, rabbits inoculated with yeast showed a slightly better body weight gain and higher food intake. However, SPF rabbits co-inoculated with C. guttulatus and E. intestinalis developed more severe coccidiosis than rabbits inoculated with C. guttulatus or E. intestinalis alone. In addition, we surveyed the prevalence of C. guttulatus in rabbits and found that the positive rate was 83% in Zhejiang Province. In summary, the results indicated that C. guttulatus alone is not pathogenic to healthy rabbits, although might be an opportunistic pathogen when the digestive tract is damaged by other pathogens, such as coccidia.

‘Sensational Coverage of a Sensational Trial’: Treason, Journalism and the State

2019 ◽  
pp. 130-156
Author(s):  
Katherine Isobel Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Literary Form ◽  
Press Coverage ◽  
Legal Process ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Press ◽  
First Republic ◽  
Newspaper Reporting ◽  
The Media ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Chapter Six provides an extended examination of the newspaper reporting of the treason trial of Obafemi Awolowo, the second major treason trial after independence. How the Nigerian press covered the trial illuminates the ways in which legal process as a mode of nation formation was woven into the daily lives of newspaper readers. Moreover, attending to that press coverage illustrates the importance of narrative and literary form in the process of national self-construction. The chapter begins by outlining the relationship of politics and the press in Nigeria before looking at the defining features of the trial itself. The chapter examines how the trial was presented in the press and the readerly engagement that the press sought to foster. The chapter concludes by reflecting on the larger significance of the trial and its coverage in the media at the dawn of Nigeria’s first Republic.

Alien Anarchism

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-82
Author(s):  
Robert F. Zeidel
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Large Numbers

This chapter investigates the Haymarket Square rally in 1886, which solidified the presumed connection between aliens and undesirable worker radicalism. Reaction to the Molly Maguires and the Great Railroad Strike had established the practice of blaming immigrants and associated foreign ideologies for the industrial era's loss of workplace harmony, but the stigma did not prevent employers from fulfilling their growing labor needs by hiring large numbers of alien workers. Those recruited regularly included strikebreakers whose presence angered established workers. Through the early 1880s, laborers—not capitalists—tended to harbor animosity toward recent arrivals. When the Haymarket affair renewed and intensified fears of working-class violence, employers resorted to the pattern of implicating the immigrants who labored at their mills, mines, and factories, even as they continued to employ them.

The Newcomers Group

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah-Neel Smith
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Press Coverage ◽  
Western Modernity ◽  
National Body ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Village Institutes

The Newcomers Group [YenilerGrubu] was formed in 1940 while its members were still students at the Istanbul Academy of Fine Arts under Leopold Levy (1840–1904), and was active through 1952. It is also known as the Harbor Group [LimanGrubu], in reference to the theme of the collective’s first exhibition, which featured scenes of waterfront life in Istanbul. Similar to art collective D Group (1933–1947), the Newcomers aimed to portray what they saw as uniquely Turkish social realities using formal strategies associated with Western modernity, including impressionist, fauvist, and cubist painting techniques. At the same time, the Newcomers claimed with greater urgency than the D Group that local artists were obligated to engage directly with Turkey’s general population. This preoccupation with the relationship of the artist in an elite social position to the larger national body was closely linked to ongoing debates both in state policy (reflected in the development of the Homeland Tours program from 1938–1943, and the Village Institutes from 1940–1954) and in the Turkish literary world. As a result, the Newcomers received ample press coverage and the support of major literary figures such as Hilmi Ziya Ülken (1901–1974) and Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar (1901–1962), who also sought to develop national art forms rooted in Turkish popular experience.

scholarly journals Novel Molecular Synapomorphies Demarcate Different Main Groups/Subgroups of Plasmodium and Piroplasmida Species Clarifying Their Evolutionary Relationships

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharma ◽  
Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Plasmodium Species ◽  
Protein Sequences ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Conserved Signature Indels ◽  
Relationship Of

The class Hematozoa encompasses several clinically important genera, including Plasmodium, whose members cause the major life-threating disease malaria. Hence, a good understanding of the interrelationships of organisms from this class and reliable means for distinguishing them are of much importance. This study reports comprehensive phylogenetic and comparative analyses on protein sequences on the genomes of 28 hematozoa species to understand their interrelationships. In addition to phylogenetic trees based on two large datasets of protein sequences, detailed comparative analyses were carried out on the genomes of hematozoa species to identify novel molecular synapomorphies consisting of conserved signature indels (CSIs) in protein sequences. These studies have identified 79 CSIs that are exclusively present in specific groups of Hematozoa/Plasmodium species, also supported by phylogenetic analysis, providing reliable means for the identification of these species groups and understanding their interrelationships. Of these CSIs, six CSIs are specifically shared by all hematozoa species, two CSIs serve to distinguish members of the order Piroplasmida, five CSIs are uniquely found in all Piroplasmida species except B. microti and two CSIs are specific for the genus Theileria. Additionally, we also describe 23 CSIs that are exclusively present in all genome-sequenced Plasmodium species and two, nine, ten and eight CSIs which are specific for members of the Plasmodium subgenera Haemamoeba, Laverania, Vinckeia and Plasmodium (excluding P. ovale and P. malariae), respectively. Additionally, our work has identified several CSIs that support species relationships which are not evident from phylogenetic analysis. Of these CSIs, one CSI supports the ancestral nature of the avian-Plasmodium species in comparison to the mammalian-infecting groups of Plasmodium species, four CSIs strongly support a specific relationship of species between the subgenera Plasmodium and Vinckeia and three CSIs each that reliably group P. malariae with members of the subgenus Plasmodium and P. ovale within the subgenus Vinckeia, respectively. These results provide a reliable framework for understanding the evolutionary relationships among the Plasmodium/Piroplasmida species. Further, in view of the exclusivity of the described molecular markers for the indicated groups of hematozoa species, particularly large numbers of unique characteristics that are specific for all Plasmodium species, they provide important molecular tools for biochemical/genetic studies and for developing novel diagnostics and therapeutics for these organisms.

scholarly journals “They don't even look like women workers”: Femininity and Class in Twentieth-Century Latin America

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
The United States ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Eva Peron ◽  
Working Class Women ◽  
Key Resources

Recent research on consumer culture and working-class femininity in the United States has argued that attention to fashionable clothing and dime novels did not undermine female working-class identities, but rather provided key resources for creating those identities. In this essay I consider whether we can see a similar process of appropriation by working-class women in Latin America. There women employed in factories had to contend with widespread denigration of the female factory worker. Looking first at the employer-run “Centers for Domestic Instruction” in São Paulo, I argue that “proper femininity” in these centers—frequented by large numbers of working-class women—reflected middle-class notions of the skilled housewife, and situated working-class women as nearly middle class. What we see is a process of “approximation,” not appropriation. I then look at the case of Argentina (especially Greater Buenos Aires) where Peronism also promoted “traditional” roles for working-class women but where Eva Perón emerges as a working-class heroine. The figure of Evita—widely reviled by women of the middle and upper classes—becomes a means to construct an alternative, class-based femininity for working-class women.

Observations on the gregarine Rotundula gammari (Diesing, 1859), Goodrich, 1949

Parasitology ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Narasimhamurti
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Gammarus Pulex ◽  
Taxonomic Relationship ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Many ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Infected Material

1. A local population of Gammarus pulex, infected with Heliospora longissima and Rotundula gammari, was found to have an intracellular developmental stage.2. Experimental infections of G. pulex were made with the two species of gregarines. In the case of R. gammari infections, large numbers of intracellular developmental stages were found.3. The taxonomic relationship of the genera Cephaloidophora and Rotundula is discussed.Thanks are due to Dr P. Tate for constant encouragement and guidance during the course of this work and for the many helpful suggestions in the preparation of the manuscript. Thanks are also due to Mr D. W. T. Crompton for kindly giving me the infected material. The work was completed during the tenure of a Royal Society and Nuffield Foundation Commonwealth Bursary.

scholarly journals City’s periphery, between urban segregation and extensive agriculture. Case Ituzaingó anexo, Córdoba, Argentina

2018 ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
Fernando Vanoli
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Environmental Conflict ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Industrial Expansion ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Extensive Agriculture ◽  
Productive Model

El barrio Ituzaingó Anexo está ubicado en la periferia sureste de la ciudad de Córdoba. Hace dieciséis años, la lucha de un grupo de madres visibilizó el conflicto ambiental que aún viven. Tal hecho, se hizo evidente al identificar enfermedades y muertes causadas por los efectos ambientales de los agrotóxicos en la producción de soja transgénica. En este trabajo, nos preguntamos de qué manera quienes deciden sobre la ciudad también son responsables de los daños ambientales producidos en este sector de la sociedad, a partir de comprender la relación del barrio con la configuración de la ciudad. Para esto, analizamos el surgimiento de Ituzaingó Anexo como barrio obrero en la expansión industrial de la ciudad y posteriormente el inicio del modelo productivo de agricultura extensiva. Haciendo énfasis en la incompatibilidad de usos habilitados por la zonificación en la planificación de la ciudad, y los efectos de segregación urbana y ambiental. The Ituzaingó Anexo neighborhood is located on the Córdoba’s city southeast periphery. Sixteen years ago, the struggle of a mother’s group made visible the environmental conflict that they still live through. This fact became evident when they identified diseases and deaths caused by the environmental effects of agrotoxics in the production of transgenic soybeans. In this work, we wonder how those who decide about the city are also responsible for the environmental damage produced in this sector of society, understanding the relationship of the neighborhood with the configuration of the city. In this way, we analyze the creation of Ituzaingó Anexo as a working class neighborhood in the industrial expansion of the city and later the beginning of the productive model of expansive agriculture. Emphasizing the incompa tibility of uses enabled by zoning in the planning of the city, and the effects of urban and environmental segregation.

scholarly journals Siderocytes in mammalian blood

1946 ◽  
Vol 133 (872) ◽  
pp. 235-248 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Bile Pigment ◽  
Pigment Formation ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Mammalian Blood ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Since a review of the conditions under which siderocytes appear will support a hypothesis that it is an ageing erythrocyte at least as strongly as Grüneberg’s (1941 a ) theory that it should be considered as a young cell, a search was made in blood films of stored mammalian blood and large numbers of siderocytes were found. The conditions affecting the rate of appearance of the siderocytes were studied, and it was found that adverse conditions would hasten their appearance. The relationship of the siderotic material to the 'easily split’ blood iron was also considered, and it seems probable that both are derived from a special and identical fraction of ‘haemoglobin’, and that this phenomenon is related to an intracorpuscular bile pigment formation. The occurrence of siderocytosis after the ingestion of acetyl phenylhydrazine by a ‘normal’ human being was followed, and a close correlation between siderocytosis, erythrocyte destruction and urinary siderosis as described by Peyton Rous (1918) is shown. The siderocyte extrudes its siderotic granules and reverts to a state at present morphologically indistinguishable from the normal erythrocyte, but appears to be susceptible of phagocytosis at this stage. The application of siderocyte counts to clinical medicine is suggested.

Rostro-carinates and Rostrate Hand-axes

1939 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-284
Author(s):  
J. Reid Moir
Keyword(s):  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Prehistoric Archaeology ◽  
Ancestral Form ◽  
Close Resemblance ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Lower Palaeolithic

Since the publication, several years ago, of my paper on the relationship of rostro-carinates to certain Lower Palaeolithic handaxes, a great deal more evidence bearing on this matter has come to light. I have been able to examine large numbers of handaxes, found in this country and in very widely separated places abroad, which exhibit, in their profile and in other characteristics, an extraordinarily close resemblance to rostro-carinates. Such palaeolithic specimens I have called rostrate hand-axes, and their number and wide distribution are beyond dispute. If it is a fact that the rostro-carinate is the ancestral form from which the earliest hand-axes were developed, then it would be reasonable to suppose that the oldest group of these, being nearest in time to the rostro-carinate epoch, would contain the largest number of specimens of the rostrate hand-axe type. Moreover, it would be expected that, in the later hand-axe groups, traces of the ancestral form would gradually fade out, and, except for certain specimens of what may be called atavistic form, be eliminated. That is the theory, and it is sometimes the fate of theories to be killed by facts, but in the case under consideration the reverse holds true. For few things in prehistoric archaeology are clearer than that rostrate hand-axes are most numerous in the Early Chelles period, or that the traces of the rostro-carinate form become ever less in evidence in the later epoch of St. Acheul. Though this is the case, however, the matter is not so simple and straightforward as was perhaps at first supposed.

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