scholarly journals Public Participation and Trade-Offs in Flood Risk Mitigation: Evidence from Two Case Studies in the Alps

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Scolobig ◽  
Luigi Pellizzoni ◽  
Chiara Bianchizza
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Goods ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Inclusive Approach ◽  
Increasing Demand

There is an increasing demand for improvement of the quality of decisions about flood risk mitigation by fostering public participation in decision-making. However, the extent and way in which formalized participation guarantees good outcomes is still a matter of discussion. This article analyzes different approaches to decision-making for flood risk mitigation by comparing two experiences in the Italian Alps. In Vipiteno-Sterzing, decisions were made by involving citizens in a structured participatory process. In Malborghetto-Valbruna, a formally technocratic (yet substantially inclusive) approach was adopted after the flood that affected the municipality in 2003. Our results critically review the perspective that structured participation is always something "good." In this regard, the way relevant trade-offs between public and private goods were acknowledged and dealt with turned out to be crucial. At the same time, effective participation is closely related to citizens' actual engagement, institutional responsiveness to residents' needs and expectations, and the capacity to harmonize different views and types of knowledge in the development of risk mitigation options. Policy context, choice of approach and quality of outcomes appear as "nested" issues. Further research is needed in order to assess different experiences of decision-making and to set robust conditions for better outcomes in public participation.

scholarly journals State Secrets in the Perspective of Public Transparency (Study of the journalism code of ethics)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Budi Hermanto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Press ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
State Secrets

Good governance is a government that is transparent, open, and participatory. Includes the whole process of managing public resources since the process of decision making, implementation, and evaluation. The benefits of freedom of information are not only to create a government that is clean, efficient and able to prevent corruption, but also to improve the quality of public participation in the process of making public policies, and supervising their implementation. The main problem raised in this study is how to state secrets from the perspective of public transparency. study of Undang-Undang No. 40 the year 1999 concerning the press and the journalistic Code of Ethics and the obstacles in trying to obtain information.

Assessing Knowledge Management Systems Usage in Supporting Decision Making Processes in Organizations

2014 ◽  
pp. 326-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Abdelrahman ◽  
K. Nadia Papamichail ◽  
Simon French
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Knowledge Management Systems ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Support Decision Making

With the advent of the knowledge economy and the growing importance of knowledge societies, organizations are constantly seeking new ways of leveraging knowledge assets to support Decision Making (DM) processes. This chapter presents an initial insight to the little-researched phenomenon of how Knowledge Management Systems (KMSs) can support DM processes in organizations. A synthesis of ideas from a literature review suggests a new conceptual framework with several critical factors that organizations should take into account to assess the usage of KMSs tools in supporting DM processes in organizations. The proposed framework, “USUQ,” will benefit managers in both public and private sectors in knowing how the Usage, Satisfaction, Usefulness, and the Quality of using KMSs can support DM processes.

Smart Public Participation

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-105
Author(s):  
Sarmada Madhulika Kone
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Community Planning ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Inclusive Approach

Systems that exist today tell us about their survival. They were the better possible outcome of their evolution in their given setup (environmental, economic, and political setup). Urbanization-led cities grew in diversity. An inclusive approach in planning through public participation, where people involved in planning process and represent their community, is suitable for such diversified planning regions. Participatory approach is a bottom up method where community planning plays a major role in addressing larger goals. Communities are a group of people with certain commonalities living together and hold equal rights to their community. Developments in ICT gave a smart approach to public participation, where people easily exercise their participation in decision making. The chapter addresses how technology is related to process and enables public participation in urban planning procedure. Addressing the case of Indonesia, the chapter explains how developing nations responds to technology interventions in urban planning.

scholarly journals Economic, Environmental and Social Gains of the Implementation of Artificial Intelligence at Dam Operations toward Industry 4.0 Principles

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3604
Author(s):  
Marcos Geraldo Gomes ◽  
Victor Hugo Carlquist da Silva ◽  
Luiz Fernando Rodrigues Pinto ◽  
Plinio Centoamore ◽  
Salvatore Digiesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Economic Gain ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Essential Resource ◽  
A Company

Due to the increasing demand for water supply of urban areas, treatment and supply plants are becoming important to ensure availability and quality of this essential resource for human health. Enabling technologies of Industry 4.0 have the potential to improve performances of treatment plants. In this paper, after reviewing contributions in scientific literature on I4.0 technologies in dam operations, a study carried out on a Brazilian dam is presented and discussed. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate the economic, environmental, and social advantages achieved through the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in dam operations. Unlike automation that just respond to commands, AI uses a large amount of data training to make computers able to take the best decision. The current study involved a company that managed six reservoirs for treatment systems supplying water to almost ten million people at the metropolitan area of São Paulo City. Results of the study show that AI adoption could lead to economic gain in figures around US$ 51,000.00 per year, as well as less trips between sites and less overtime extra costs on the main operations. Increasing gates maneuvers agility result in significant environmental gains with savings of about 4.32 billion L of water per year, enough to supply 73,000 people. Also, decreasing operational vehicle utilization results in less emissions. Finally, the AI implementation improved the safety of dam operations, resulting in social benefits such as the flood risk mitigation in cities and the health and safety of operators.

No Choice Is the “Right” Choice: Black Parents’ Educational Decision-Making in Their Search for a “Good” School

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-61
Author(s):  
LINN POSEY-MADDOX ◽  
MAXINE MCKINNEY de ROYSTON ◽  
ALEA R. HOLMAN ◽  
RAQUEL M. RALL ◽  
RACHEL A. JOHNSON
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
School Choice ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
School Type ◽  
Black Parents ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Educational Decision ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Right ◽  
Educational Decision Making

In this article, Linn Posey-Maddox, Maxine McKinney de Royston, Alea R. Holman, Raquel M. Rall, and Rachel A. Johnson examine Black parents’ educational decision-making in the racial and educational contexts of predominantly white suburban districts, majority-Black urban schools with an Afrocentric focus, and racially diverse urban public and private schools. Undertaking a qualitative meta-analysis, they ask, How and why is anti-Black racism salient in Black parents’ educational decision-making around schooling? Their findings reveal that race and anti-Black racism are central to Black parents’ school choice decisions. Specifically, they shape the trade-offs parents made in choosing a school for their child(ren), their ongoing risk assessments regarding the potential for racialized harm in their child(ren)’s schooling, and their continuous decision-making about whether to keep their child enrolled or move them to a different school. Regardless of geography, school type, grade level, and/or social class, race and anti-Black racism shape Black parents’ educational decision-making as they work to ensure that their child(ren) receive a high-quality education within highly racialized schooling contexts.

Uberization of Healthcare

2018 ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Lizette Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Time Cost ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Rapid Spread

Over the years, health literacy has embodied various forms to aid healthcare decisions. For technology and health literacy to merge, the author examines and discusses how the following three elements can be applied to implement a type of technology and to what audience: 1) time, 2) cost, and 3) engagement. Through focused time, cost, and engagement efforts, healthcare can be optimized without reductions to the quality of information. Due to its rapid spread, information could to be fixed accordingly. This would positively impact the decision-making process for communities and public and private sectors. Benefits outweigh risks related to the implementation of technology and health literacy. Traditional medicine is known to have difficulties adapting to change. However, the risk is too high not to explore the use of technology and health literacy.

Informed Spatial Decisions Through Coordinated Views

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Andrienko ◽  
Gennady Andrienko
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Choice Phase ◽  
Exploratory Data ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Support Methods ◽  
Selection Of

According to a commonly accepted view, the process of decision making comprises three major phases: intelligence (situation analysis and problem recognition), design (finding possible variants of problem solution), and choice (evaluation of the options and selection of the most appropriate ones). It is widely recognised that exploratory data visualisation is very helpful during the first phase of the decision-making process, while the other phases require different software tools. In particular, the choice phase is typically supported by various computational methods that find appropriate trade-offs among multiple conflicting criteria taking into account user-specified priorities. Visualisation plays a limited role: in the best case, it is used to represent the final results of the computations. We argue that conscious, well-substantiated choice requires a more extensive use of exploratory visualisation facilities, which need to be properly coordinated with the computational multi-criteria decision support methods. Extremely important is a high degree of user interactivity, which allows the user to probe the robustness and quality of computationally derived solutions. We suggest several mechanisms for linking and coordinating visual exploratory tools with two types of computational methods differing in the sort of output they produce. We demonstrate the use of this dynamic link with an example of a real spatially related decision problem.

scholarly journals The Limitations of Decision-Making

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 559
Author(s):  
Paul Walton
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Collaborative Activity ◽  
Good Decision ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Evolution Characteristics ◽  
Required Quality

In a world faced with technological, health and environmental change and uncertainty, decision-making is challenging. In addition, decision-making itself is becoming a collaborative activity between people and artificial intelligence. This paper analyses decision-making as a form of information processing, using the ideas of information evolution. Information evolution studies the effect of selection pressures and change on information processing and the consequent limitations of that processing. The analysis identifies underlying information evolution factors that affect the quality of information used throughout decision-making and, hence, affect the quality of decisions. These factors imply a set of challenges in which the pressures that drive useful trade-offs in a static environment also hinder decision-making of the required quality in times of change. The analysis indicates the information evolution characteristics of a good decision-making approach and establishes the theoretical basis for tools to demonstrate the information evolution limitations of decision-making.

scholarly journals Opportunities for Public Participation in the Regulation of Hydraulic Fracturing Operations in Alberta

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair Lucas ◽  
Heather Lilles
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Regulatory Process ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The Media ◽  
Increasing Demand

As the “anti-frack” movement gains momentum in society and the media, the oil and gas industry is faced with increasing demand for public participation and consultation in hydraulic fracturing operations. In Alberta, public participation has taken a number of forms, occurring during both the regulatory process and hydraulic fracturing operations themselves. This article analyzes the adequacy of these public participation opportunities by outlining the current opportunities for participation and the Alberta Court of Appeal’s rulings regarding the adequacy of notification and consultation. Ultimately, the article concludes that despite a number of new regulatory initiatives, opportunities for public participation in hydraulic fracturing operations have not increased. However, the article remains optimistic that changes can and should occur, increasing opportunities for public participation and improving the timing and quality of such consultation.

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