BREEDING FRUIT CROPS IN THE TATAR RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-29
Author(s):  
G. E. Osipov ◽  
Z. A. Osipova ◽  
N. V. Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
The State ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
State Register ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Research Institute

The purpose of the research was to analyze the work on the creation of new varieties of apple, cherry and plum, carried out from 1938 to 2020 in the Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture, as well as the identification of promising crossbreeding combinations and genotypes for use in breeding and transfer to the State variety testing. In the apple breeding orchard, promising seedlings in hybrid families were identified by productivity, taste and size of fruits: Anis Novy×Plodovitoe (1-6-48), Anis Novy×Vityaz(1-7-26, 1-7-27,  1-7-57,1-7-70, 1-7-97), Anis Novy×Ural Souvenir (1-8-88) . In 2021, 4 apple varieties were entered into the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation: Renet Tatarsky, Volzhskaya Krasavitsa, Tenkovskaya and Kamskaya. The apple variety Renet Povolzh’ya is undergoing state variety testing. Promising hybrids 1-1-11, 1-2-11, 1-2-14, 1-10-30, 1-11-6, 1-11-31, 2-2-75,2-2-93 have been selected in sour cherry breeding orchards. In 2015, a new self-fertile variety of Shelangovskaya sour cherry was accepted for State variety testing in the Middle Volga and Volga-Vyatka regions. In 2021, 8 varieties of sour cherries were included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation: Krasa Tataria, Zarya Tataria, Shakirovskaya, Truzhenitsa Tataria, Sevastyanovskaya, Tveritinovskaya, Pamyat Sakharova and Obilnaya. In the plum breeding orchard promising hybrid seedlings 1-1-11, 1-1-20, 1-1-47, 1-1-75, 1-1-84, 1-2-36, 1-2-49, 1-2-57, 1-2-60, 1-3-19, 1-3-58, 1-3-86, 1-8-43 and others were selected according to important economic and biological characteristics. In 2021, the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation, admitted for use, included 8 varieties of home-breeding plums of the Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture: 2 varieties of early ripening — Sverkh Rannya, Sineokaya; 6 varieties of medium ripening — Rakitovaya, Renklod Tenkovskiy, Volzhanka, Tenkovskaya Golubka, Kazanskaya and Pamyat Khasanova.

Селекция и семеноводство картофеля в Камчатском крае

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.I. Ryakhovskaya ◽  
T.P. Sherstyukova ◽  
M.L. Gamolina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
The State ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
State Register ◽  
Region Selection ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Selection Of

Рассмотрены агроклиматические условия Камчатского края и лимитирующие факторы, сдерживающие рост урожайности картофеля. Приведены характеристики новых сортов картофеля селекции Камчатского НИИСХ созданных в соответствии с приоритетными для региона направлениями селекции, включенных в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений РФ и охраняемых патентами.Agroclimatic conditions of the Kamchatka Krai and limiting factors that restrain the growth of potato yield are considered. The characteristics of new varieties of potatoes of the selection of the Kamchatsky RIA are created in accordance with the priority for the region selection areas included in the State Register of Selection Achievements of the Russian Federation and protected by patents.

scholarly journals The stability of varieties is an important element of the integrated protection of flax from

2021 ◽  
Vol 214 (11) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Kudryavceva
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
The State ◽  
State Register ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Russian Research ◽  
Research Institute

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to characterize the varieties of long-legged flax included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in terms of resistance to fusarium wilt, rust, anthracnose and pasmo. The research was conducted in 2018–2020 in vegetative, laboratory and field conditions at the All-Russian Research Institute of Flax (currently: A separate division Research Institute of Flax). As an object of research, we used varieties of flax-long-legged flax included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation for 2018–2020. Methods. The studies were carried out using modern mycological and phytopathological methods. Laboratory, vegetation and field experiments were conducted according to the All-Russian Research Institute of Flax methods. Results and practical significance. Among the studied 66 varieties, 56.1 % were highly resistant and resistant genotypes to fusarium wilt and 58.3 % – to rust. The specific weight of the Flax Institute varieties for this period was 34.8 %. High resistance to rust and fusarium wilt was characterized by the VNIIL selection varieties: Universal, Diplomat, Alexim, Dewdrop, Zaryanka, Aleksandrit. For the first time, scientists of the Flax Institute have created varieties of flax-long – legged (Diplomat and Tonus) resistant to three diseases: rust, fusarium wilt and anthracnose, and the Caesar variety-to four diseases. All varieties, with the exception of Diplomat and Tonus, a selection of the Flax Institute, were susceptible to anthracnose. The Grant variety of the selection of the Republic of Belarus and the Caesar variety were resistant to pasmo by 59.7 %, the rest were characterized by resistance to damage by 27.8–42.0 %. Scientific novelty. The characteristics of the resistance of the varieties included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation are comprehensively described on infectious and provocative backgrounds using natural and synthetic populations of pathogens diseases of flax. Varieties with group resistance to 2, 3, and 4 diseases are identified. The use of flax varieties resistant to the most economically dangerous diseases in flax crops will reduce the infectious potential and its accumulation in nature.

Analysis of the range of antiprotozoal drugs for veterinary use

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Aleksandr A. Deltsov ◽  
◽  
Olga R. Rodkina ◽  
Irina V. Kosova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
The State ◽  
Solid Dosage Forms ◽  
Solid Dosage ◽  
State Register ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Antiparasitic Drugs

This paper presents an analysis of the range of veterinary antiparasitic drugs registered in the territory of the Russian Federation and used for the prevention and treatment of protozoan diseases. At the time of 08/07/2021, 54 antiprotozoal drugs were entered into the State Register of Medicines for Veterinary Use. The most common active ingredient in their composition is Toltrazuril (contained in 12 TN – 22,2%). It was determined that the Russian Federation is a leader in the production and development of anti-protozoal drugs registered on its territory. It was found that most of the investigated drugs are produced in solid dosage forms (35 TN – 64,8%), effective for the treatment of coccidiosis (45 TN – 83,33%) and is used in birds (39 TN – 72,22%). The average annual registration of antiprotozoal drugs is 9% (5 drugs per year).

scholarly journals Analysis of the use of selection achievements in the production of oilseeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 08009
Author(s):  
Dmitry Buklagin
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
State Register ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Industrial Markets ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The availability of spare capacities for the production of vegetable oil in Russia and the increased demand in the world’s industrial markets stimulate the development of domestic competitive technologies for growing, storing and processing sunflower, soybean and rapeseed. Reducing the level of dependence of oilseeds on foreign analogues is considered as one of the key tasks. Currently, the share of foreign varieties in Russia occupies about 56 % of the acreage of spring rapeseed, 76% of winter rapeseed, 74% of sunflower and 26% of soy. It is shown that the inclusion of foreign varieties of oilseeds in the State register of varieties approved for use in the Russian Federation is not always justified. It is recommended to include in the state register only those varieties of foreign selection that have a statistically significant difference in the indicators of domestic and foreign varieties obtained as a result of their tests in the regions of Russia.

scholarly journals COMPLEX FEATURES OF Allium oschaninii O. Fedtsch. FOR TESTING FOR DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
A. V. Soldatenko ◽  
A. R. Bukharova ◽  
A. F. Bukharov ◽  
M. I. Ivanova ◽  
D. N. Baleyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Local Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Allium oschaninii O. Fedtsch. is distributed in the middle belt of the Pamir and Altai mountains. The local population uses leaves and bulbs for food in fresh and canned form. Selective forms of onion Oshanina still does not exist. The research was carried out in the AllRussian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing" (VNIIO branch of FGBNU FNCS) in 20142017. The object of the study was a collection of five samples of A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch. of various origins. Experiments were conducted to study and describe the biological and economic features of onion Oshanin (Allium oschaninii O. Fedtsch.) In the Moscow region; statistical processing and analysis of research results; methods for describing the characteristics used to assess distinctness, uniformity and stability are given. The object of the research was a collection of five samples A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch. of various origins. Methodical recommendations for registration of onion Oshanin (A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch.) In the State Register of Selection Achievements, admitted to use in the territory of the Russian Federation, for introduction into culture and introduction into production, are developed. The methodological recommendations have been prepared in accordance with the principles of similar methods used in UPOV and the State Commission of the Russian Federation for Testing and Preservation of Selection Achievements. A system of parameters has been developed, the use of which will ensure the contribution of new knowledge to the theory and practice of seed selection and production, will help to speed up the development of new varieties and hybrids with high winter hardiness, with early and harmonious growth of leaves, a long period of preservation of commercial qualities of green products resistant to peronosporosis for the Non-chernozem zone of the Russian Federation, to assess the effectiveness of selection work in order to increase yields, improve product quality and increase the resistance of new varieties to the impact of factors on of the circling medium. The results of the research can be used in breeding organizations and state stations, in the description of new varieties based on the characteristics used to assess distinctness, uniformity and stability.

scholarly journals BIOENERGETIC EFFICIENCY OF SEED PRODUCTION OF CORN HYBRIDS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.D. Babushkin ◽  
◽  
S.А. Zaytsev ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
The State ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
State Register ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
The Russian Federation

We conducted the comparative analysis of bioenergetic efficiency of production of seeds of corn hybrids developed in breeding centers – participants of the Coordination Council on breeding and seed production of corn, included into the State register of breeding achievements permitted for production in the Russian Federation. We revealed corn hybrids with relatively high yield of gross energy: Neon 147 МV (71.4 GJ/ha), Katerina SV (68.4 GJ/ha), and crude protein: Neon 147 МV (0.45 t/ha), RNIISK-1 (0.43 t/ha), Baykal (0.44 t/ha).

scholarly journals Economic and biological characteristics of the new spring oats variety “Arkhan”

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
V. А. Korelina ◽  
О. B. Batakova ◽  
I. V. Zobnina ◽  
А. D. Kabashov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Grain Shedding ◽  
Variety Testing

The developed spring oats varieties should combine potential productivity with resistance to abiotic and biotic environmental factors due to increased adaptability. The purpose of the current study was to develop a new highly productive spring oats variety with a complex of economically valuable traits that are resistant to abiotic and biotic stressors. The current paper has presented a description of the new spring oats variety ‘Arkhan’ (mutika), developed by the Moscow RIA in cooperation with the FSEI “Kotlasskoe” by the method of individual-family selection from a hybrid population obtained from step hybridization of the varieties of different origin. The Competitive Variety Testing of the variety ‘Arkhan’ was carried out in 2013–2016 on the basis of the FSEI “Kotlasskoe” of the Arkhangelsk region, the variety ‘Krechet’ was the standard variety. The grain productivity of the new variety averaged 4.5 t/ha over 4 years, which was significantly larger than that of the standard variety ‘Krechet’ (3.5 t/ha). The average green mass productivity of the variety ‘Arkhan’ was 26.7 t/ha, which on 8.5 t/ha higher than that of the standard variety ‘Krechet’. The variety ‘Arkhan’ is characterized by resistance to head smut, being relatively resistant to crown oats rust. The variety is highly resistant to grain shedding and lodging. According to the best indicators, the new spring oats variety ‘Arkhan’ in 2017 was sent for the study to the State Variety Network of the Russian Federation. According to the results of the State Variety Testing, the variety has been included into the State List of Breeding Achievements approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation since 2020 (in regions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5).

F1Krasnogorye, a modern hybrid of carrots

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
М.А. Косенко ◽  
А.В. Корнев ◽  
Л.М. Соколова ◽  
А.Н. Ховрин
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Central Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Maternal Line ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Variety Testing

Морковь столовая – одна из важнейших овощных культур, успешно возделываемых во всех земледельческих регионах РФ. Она занимает 10 % площади овощного поля страны и дает более 10 % валового сбора всех овощей открытого грунта. Из числа зарегистрированных в Госреестре 49% – гибриды F1моркови столовой. Из них 28% отечественной селекции (селекции ФГБНУ ФНЦО, Агрохолдинга «Поиск», ООО «Селекционная станция имени Н.Н. Тимофеева» и др.), а иностранных фирм («Бейо», «Вильморин», «Райк Цваан», «Монсанто» и др.) – 72%. В 2017 году ВНИИО - филиал ФГБНУ ФНЦО передал в Государственное сортоиспытание гибрид моркови столовой F1 Красногорье для Центрального региона. Цель работы – оценить потенциал гибрида моркови столовой F1Красногорье в условиях Центрального региона. Гибрид испытан в системе ФГБУ «Госсорткомиссия» в областях Центрального региона РФ. F1 Красногорье – межлинейный гибрид, получен путем скрещивания материнской линии 661П петалоидного типа и отцовской линии ШР 47. Среднеспелый. Розетка листьев полупрямостоячая. Лист длинный, зеленый, среднерассеченный. Корнеплод короткий, конической формы со слабым сбегом и слегка заостренным основанием (сортотип Шантенэ). Сердцевина и кора оранжевые. Масса корнеплода 110-200 г. Вкусовые качества хорошие и отличные. Содержание сухого вещества 10-12%, общего сахара 7-8%, каротина до 19 мг на 100 г сырого вещества. На двух инфекционных фонах (альтернариоз и фузариоз) и на естественном фоне гибрид входил в группу слабовосприимчивые с баллом поражения от 0,9 до 1,4, устойчив к цветушности. По данным сортоиспытательных участков, наибольший показатель урожайности гибрида F1Красногорье был отмечен в Рязанской и Московской области – 82,5 т/га и 76,5 т/га соответственно. Доля стандартной продукции в среднем по областям составила 80,5%, наибольший показатель отмечен в Московской области – 89,7%. Carrots are one of the most important vegetable crops successfully cultivated in all agricultural regions of the Russian Federation. It occupies 10% of the area of the country's vegetable field and gives more than 10% of the gross harvest of all vegetables in open ground. 49% of those registered in the State Register are F1 hybrids of carrots. Of these, 28% are domestic breeding (breeding FSBSI FSVC, Poisk Agro Holding, LLC Timofeev Breeding Station, etc.) and foreign firms (Bejo, Vilmorin, Raik Zwaan, Monsanto and others) - 72%. In 2017 ARRIVG - a branch of FSBSI FSVC transferred to the State Variety Testing a hybrid of carrots F1 Krasnogorye for the Central Region. The aim of the work is to assess the potential of a hybrid of carrots F1Krasnogorye in the conditions of the Central region. A promising hybrid of carrots F1 Krasnogorye was tested in the system of the FSBI «Gossortcommissiya» in the regions of the Central Region of the Russian Federation. F1 Krasnogorye is an interline hybrid obtained by crossing the maternal line 661P of the petaloid type and the paternal line SHR 47. Mid-season. The leaf rosette is semi-upright. The leaf is long, green, moderately dissected. The root crop is short, conical in shape with a weak escape and a slightly pointed base (cultivar Chantenay). The core and bark are orange. Root vegetable mass 110-200 g. Taste qualities are good and excellent. Dry matter content 10-12%, total sugar 7-8%, carotene up to 19 mg per 100 g of raw matter. On two infectious backgrounds (Alternaria and Fusarium) and on a natural background, the hybrid was included in the group of weakly receptive ones with a lesion score from 0.9 to 1.4, resistant to flowering. According to the data of the variety testing plots, the highest yield of the F1 hybrid Krasnogorye was noted in the Ryazan and Moscow regions - 82.5 t/ha and 76.5 t/ha, respectively. The share of standard products on average in the regions was 80.5%, the highest indicator was noted in the Moscow region - 89.7%.

CULTIVAR STUDY AND APRICOT SELECTION IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF MIDDLE VOLGA AREA FOREST-STEPPE

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Нечаева ◽  
Elena Nechaeva ◽  
Мельникова ◽  
Natalya Melnikova
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The State ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
State Register ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
National Selection ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Research Institute

The purpose of research is the creation of apricot fruit varieties able sustainably fructify in the environment of forest-steppe of the Middle Volga Area. Experimental studies were carried out on the Cultivar Collector of Samara Research Institute of Horticulture and Medicinal Plants «Zhiguli Gardens» from 1985 to 2010. Since 2011up to present the work has been performed in a Samara State Agricultural Academy on the basis of horticultural farm Ltd. «Kutuluk» Bogatovskiy district. The objects of research were different varieties of apricot eco-geografic groups of selected forms of national selection and varieties bred in Samara Research Institute «Zhiguli gardens». The study, selection and transfer of hybrid seedlings to the state variety-testing were performed, under the methodology of selection and program of Cultivar study of fruit, berry and nut crops. As a result of long years of breeding under interkind hybridization in Samara Region 9 apricot varieties have been developed and transmitted to state variety-testing , 4 of which have been included into the State Register of the Russian Federation. In a period of organic resting the varieties are able without significant damage of the wood resist severe winters with a minimum temperatures at –39… –40°C. Favorable microzones for apricot cultivating have been identified, the yield, diseases resistance and technological qualities of fruit studied. As a result of 16 years of observations the apricot hasn’t fructified for 6 years. Because of the flower buds frozen in severe winters there was no yield 3 times, 3 times the harvest perished as a result of freezing of flower buds from frost occurred after long thaws. Variety differences of resistance to moniliosis shock were revealed. Such a resistance out of Samara region fruit the sort of Samara apricots has got. Samara apricots are smaller in size than any southern ones, but the biochemical composition and fruit taste compete to the latter.

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