scholarly journals Factors affecting the viability of Staphylococcus aureus and production of enterotoxin during processing and storage of white-brined cheese

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 6869-6881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas A. Al-Nabulsi ◽  
Tareq M. Osaili ◽  
Roa A. AbuNaser ◽  
Amin N. Olaimat ◽  
Mutamed Ayyash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

Modeling the Effect of Water Activity, pH, and Temperature on the Probability of Enterotoxin A Production by Staphylococcus aureus

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIAN DING ◽  
YAN-YAN YU ◽  
CHENG-AN HWANG ◽  
QING-LI DONG ◽  
SHI-GUO CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Temperatures ◽  
Good Agreement

ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to develop a probability model of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A (SEA) production as affected by water activity (aw), pH, and temperature in broth and assess its applicability for milk. The probability of SEA production was assessed in tryptic soy broth using 24 combinations of aw (0.86 to 0.99), pH (5.0 to 7.0), and storage temperature (10 to 30°C). The observed probabilities were fitted with a logistic regression to develop a probability model. The model had a concordant value of 97.5% and concordant index of 0.98, indicating that the model satisfactorily describes the probability of SEA production. The model showed that aw, pH, and temperature were significant factors affecting the probability of toxin production. The model predictions were in good agreement with the observed values obtained from milk. The model may help manufacturers in selecting product pH and aw and storage temperatures to prevent SEA production.

The structure and interactions of starch with food constituents

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costas G. Biliaderis
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Supermolecular Structure ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
History Of ◽  
Temperature Shear ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Species Being

For most starch-containing foods, the physical and functional properties can be traced to characteristic molecular species being present, their interactions with each other, and modifications caused by environmental conditions (moisture, temperature, shear) during processing and storage. In the present paper, the chemistry and physical chemistry of starch are discussed with an emphasis on how structure (molecular and supermolecular) and composition influence the functionality of this polysaccharide. New experimental findings brought forward on structure indicate that this polymeric carbohydrate is found in various metastable states, depending on the thermomechanical history of the product. Even more important to processing and quality attributes of starch products is the recognition that the dynamics of the supermolecular structure and interactions between starch and other food constituents are governed by the mobility of the amorphous phase of each particular system. In this respect, water, acting as a plasticizer, depresses the glass transition temperature (Tg) and thereby alters the kinetics of state transformations (e.g., gelatinization, retrogradation) and reactivity of starch. The effects of water on phase transition behavior of starch as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms to the phenomena of gelatinization, gelation, retrogradation, and starch–lipid interactions are reviewed herein. Finally, consideration is given to factors affecting the digestibility of starch from the viewpoint of processing-related changes in the susceptibility of starch to α-amylase.Key words: starch, amylose, amylopectin, gelatinization, gelation, retrogradation, interactions, water, lipids, supermolecular structure, digestibility.

scholarly journals Experimental Design to Determine the Factors Affecting the Preparation of Extracts for Antibacterial Use

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Pérez-López ◽  
Marcela Orozco-Hayek ◽  
Verónica Rivas-Galindo ◽  
Noemí Waksman De Torres
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Cyperus Alternifolius ◽  
Storage Times ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of an activity test to screen plants for antimicrobial agents is in itself a problem. However, the preparation of those extracts is a very important step and full attention has not yet been given to this issue. This study was performed in two parts. In the first, different solvents were tested to select the best extractant for three plants used in Mexico to treat infections: Leucophyllum frutescens, Cordia boissieri, and Cyperus alternifolius. In the second part, an experimental design was developed for the most active extract assayed in the first part of the study, using factorial analysis at two levels. The variable under evaluation was the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract active against a resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus, and the number of active spots identified in a bioautographic assay. The solvents used for the first phase of the study were selected from those most often cited in articles on antimicrobial screening. The best recoveries and lowest MICs were obtained with hydroalcoholic extracts. Shorter extraction times and storage times gave lower MICs; however, the volume of solvent and speed of agitation had no significant effect on MIC.

Production of Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin A in Raw Milk at High Temperatures

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 1612-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. I. SABIKE ◽  
H. FUJIKAWA ◽  
M. Z. SAKHA ◽  
A. M. EDRIS
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Natural Microflora ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

Improper processing and storage of raw milk contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus at elevated temperatures can result in the production of staphylococcal enterotoxins, especially type A (SEA), which is most frequently associated with food poisoning outbreaks such as the large one in Osaka, Japan, in 2000. In this study, the characteristics of S. aureus growth and SEA production at various high temperatures in raw milk samples were studied using two raw milk samples naturally containing low and high levels of natural microflora. The optimal temperatures found for SEA production in the two milk types were as high as 40 and 44°C (range, 36 to 48°C), and SEA production was dependent on the initial dose of S. aureus. These high temperatures were close to that of the outbreak in Japan. Thus, it was concluded that temperature was critical for SEA production in raw milk. It was also observed that natural microflora in the milk samples considerably suppressed SEA production but not staphylococcal growth. On the other hand, the amount of toxin in most milk samples decreased after peaking during storage.

HUBUNGAN HIGIENE SANITASI DENGAN KANDUNGAN ESCHERICHIA COLI PADA ES BATU INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA DI TEPI JALAN WAHID HASYIM 2 KECAMATAN SEMPAJA KOTA SAMARINDA TAHUN 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Suwignyo Suwignyo ◽  
Abdul Rachim ◽  
Arizal Sapitri
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Almost Everywhere ◽  
Ice Cube ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Ice is a water that cooled below 0 °C and used for complement in drink. Ice can be found almost everywhere, including in the Wahid Hasyim Sempaja Roadside. From the preliminary test, obtained 5 samples ice cube were contaminated by Escherichia coli. The purpose of this study was to determine relationship between hygiene and sanitation with presence of Eschericia coli in ice cube of home industry at Wahid Hasyim Roadside Samarinda. This research used quantitative with survey methode. The population in this study was all of the seller in 2nd Wahid Hasyim Roadside. Sample was taken by Krejcie and Morgan so the there were 44 samples and used Cluster Random Sampling. The instruments are questionnaries, observation and laboratory test. Data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate (using Fisher test p= 0.05). The conclusion of this study there are a relation between chosing raw material (p=0,03) and saving raw material (p=0,03) with presence of Eschericia coli. There was no relation between processing raw material into ice cube with presence of Eschericia coli (p=0,15).Advice that can be given to ice cube should maintain hygiene and sanitation of the selection, processing and storage of ice cube.

Prospects for the development of agrarian production systems in in the Right Bank Polesie of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (95) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Tarariko ◽  
L.V. Datsko ◽  
M.O. Datsko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

The aim of the work is to assess the existing and prospective models for the development of agricultural production in Central Polesie on the basis of economic feasibility and ecological balance. The evaluation of promising agricultural production systems was carried out with the help of simulation modeling of various infrastructure options at the levels of crop and multisectoral specialization of agroecosystems. The agro-resource potential of Central Polesie is better implemented in the rotation with lupine, corn and flax dolguntsem with well-developed infrastructure, including crop, livestock units, grain processing and storage systems, feed, finished products and waste processing in the bioenergetic station. The expected income for the formation of such an infrastructure is almost 8 thousand dollars. / with a payback period of capital investments of 2-3 years.

Fish, Fires, and Foresight: Middle Woodland Economic Adaptations in the Abbott Farm National Landmark

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Cavallo
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Anadromous Fish ◽  
Middle Woodland ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Economic Adaptation ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Regional Redistribution

The “Abbott Farm site,” now known as the Abbott Farm National Landmark, is known for its unique and abundant artifact assemblages from presumed Middle Woodland contexts. Several researchers attributed the presence of large quantities of argillite raw material, argillite and chert blades and blade caches, cut and uncut mica, and aberrant zone-decorated ceramics to either Hopewellian manifestations or to the Abbott Farm's role in the regional redistribution of argillite. On the basis of a cultural resource survey conducted by Louis Berger and Associates prior to the proposed construction of I-195 and I-295 and New Jersey Routes 29 and 129, a specialized economic adaptation focused upon the intensive procurement, processing, and storage of anadromous fish, especially sturgeon, is hypothesized.

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