scholarly journals Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy and the Influence of English Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (II) ◽  
pp. 536-545
Author(s):  
Amara Khan ◽  
Zainab Akram ◽  
Irfan Ullah
Keyword(s):  
William Shakespeare ◽  
English Language ◽  
Mark Twain ◽  
English Literature ◽  
George Bernard Shaw ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Global Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
Personal Library ◽  
Bernard Shaw

While Tolstoy is regarded as the greatest writer of global literature and his work being translated into all major languages of the world, his literary relationship with the literature in the English language is largely ignored. The paper explores the influence of the Anglophone scholars and literary figures on the formation of Tolstoy as a great pillar of literature. The paper explores the influence of English and American writers by detailing the contents of his personal library, publications and diary entries. H.D. Thoreau, R.W. Emerson, Longfellow, Mark Twain, Walt Whitman, Laurence Stern, Ernest Miller Hemingway, William Shakespeare, and George Bernard Shaw. His moral rectitude, his love for realism and his humanism find a close connection with the mentioned writers, and the paper details this connection. The paper establishes the position that Tolstoy was a person with the greatest creativity and imagination, he was open to the formative influence and in the process forged his original form of the influence he imbibed in his realistic writings.

ON LITERATURE AND GRAMMAR: A Selection of Annotated Medieval and Renaissance English Texts for (Spanish) University Students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gema Chocano Díaz ◽  
Noelia Hernando Real
Keyword(s):  
William Shakespeare ◽  
University Students ◽  
Geoffrey Chaucer ◽  
English Language ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Christopher Marlowe ◽  
Sir Philip Sidney ◽  
William Langland ◽  
Sir Thomas Wyatt ◽  
Selection Of

On Literature and Grammar gives students and instructors a carefully thought experience to combine their learning of Middle and Early Modern English and Medieval and Renaissance English Literature. The selection of texts, which include the most commonly taught works in university curricula, allows readers to understand and enjoy the evolution of the English language and the main writers and works of these periods, from William Langland to Geoffrey Chaucer, from Sir Philip Sidney to Sir Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, and from Christopher Marlowe to William Shakespeare. Fully annotated and written to answer the real needs of current Spanish university students, these teachable texts include word-by-word translations into Present Day English and precise introductions to their linguistic and literary contexts.

George Bernard Shaw: A Very Short Introduction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Wixson
Keyword(s):  
William Shakespeare ◽  
George Bernard Shaw ◽  
Public Intellectuals ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Creative Evolution ◽  
Bernard Shaw ◽  
First Time

George Bernard Shaw: A Very Short Introduction provides an accessible foundation for those discovering George Bernard Shaw’s writing for the first time. The verbosity and scope of Shaw’s writing can at times feel daunting. With a canon of plays astonishing in size, breadth, and ambition, Shaw is considered the second greatest playwright in English behind William Shakespeare. The range and popularity of his work as journalist, essayist, and polemicist as well as playwright made him one of the world’s most recognizable public intellectuals and literary figures. Charting the contours of what constitutes ‘Shavian’, this VSI traces the creative evolution of core themes and styles over Shaw’s long career.

scholarly journals “Uproar in the Echo”: Browning's Vitalist Beginnings

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
Leslie White
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Main Line ◽  
George Bernard Shaw ◽  
The World ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Élan Vital ◽  
Bernard Shaw ◽  
Willed Action ◽  
Individual Human

In letters to Mrs. Ernest Benzon and Mrs. Thomas FitzGerald, Browning claims affinity with the great philosopher of the Will, Schopenhauer, and asserts that elements of vitalism are the “substratum” of his life and work. These letters confirm the poet's place in the line of vitalist thought shaped by Schopenhauer, the English Romantics, and Carlyle and further developed by Nietzsche, George Bernard Shaw, Henri Bergson, and D. H. Lawrence. Vitalism resists precise definition; each theorist advances a singular terminology and application. Schopenhauer's vitalism may be understood from his concept of cosmic Will; Carlyle's from the essential presence of energy, movement, and change in the world. Bergson used the term élan vital and Lawrence such characteristically vague phrases as “sense of truth” and “supreme impulse” to express faith in forces operating beneath or hovering above the surface of life. Broadly put, when a rational orientation to the world ceased to be adequate, when rationalism devolved into a falsification of reality's authentic energy, major vitalists came into existence and posited as the true reality a primitive, universal force of which everything in that reality is an objectification. Unlike other vitalists in the English tradition, such as Blake and Lawrence, Browning was not comfortable with cosmic images. His vitalism breaks from the main line to focus on the individual human will, which he saw as an intuitive impulse and as a means to realize the self and locate its place in the world. For Browning, the comprehension of life's vital movement lay in the dynamic energy of willed action.

Shaw's Reviews of Daly's Shakespeare: The Wooing of Ada Rehan

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Jackson
Keyword(s):  
George Bernard Shaw ◽  
As You Like It ◽  
The World ◽  
Saturday Review ◽  
Bernard Shaw

George Bernard Shaw reviewed three of Augustin Daly's Shakespeare productions in the course of his stint as theatre critic of The Saturday Review, and wrote briefly on another when he was the music critic of The World. At the beginning of the last of these notices, describing As You Like It in 1897 and Ada Rehan's performance in it, Shaw wrote: ‘I never see Miss Ada Rehan act without burning to present Mr Augustin Daly with a delightful villa in Saint Helena.’ Listing some of the production's errors produced a more sombre threat:To think that Mr Daly will die in his bed, whilst innocent presidents of republics, who never harmed an immortal bard, are falling on all sides under the knives of well-intentioned reformers whose only crime is that they assassinate the wrong people! And yet let me be magnanimous. I confess I would not like to see Mr Daly assassinated. Saint Helena would satisfy me. (ShSh, 44) Readers of Shaw's reviews, especially those who encounter them only through Edwin Wilson's selection in Shaw on Shakespeare, will only know Augustin Daly's productions as seen by Shaw. But these critiques were part of a campaign on behalf of Shaw's aims for the theatre, and, specifically, a ‘wooing’ of Ada Rehan for the Shavian drama.

scholarly journals The Library of Rudolf Steiner: The Books in English

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-46
Author(s):  
John Paull
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Language ◽  
New Age ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rudolf Steiner ◽  
The World ◽  
Personal Library ◽  
General Secretary

The New Age philosopher, Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925), was the most prolific and arguably the most influential philosopher of his era. He assembled a substantial library, of approximately 9,000 items, which has been preserved intact since his death. Most of Rudolf Steiner’s books are in German, his native language however there are books in other languages, including English, French, Italian, Swedish, Sanskrit and Latin. His library hosts more books in English than in any other foreign language. Steiner esteemed English as “a universal world language”. The present paper identifies 327 books in English in Rudolf Steiner’s personal library. Fifty percent of the English-language books identified are categorized as Theosophy (n=164). Rudolf Steiner was the General Secretary of the German branch of the Theosophy Society from 1902, and he hived off his own Anthroposophy Society in 1912. The present study reveals that Steiner maintained his interest in theosophy throughout his life as he stayed up to date with the proliferating portfolio of Theosophy publications. The publication dates of Steiner’s Theosophy collection range from 1877 to 1923. The leading exponents of Theosophy in his day are well represented in Steiner’s collection, including Annie Besant (n=61), Charles Lead beater (n=13), William Westcott (n=13) and Helena Blavatsky (n=10). Of the other 50% of the Anglo-books identified, 20% are in the category of Religion (n=67), 10% are Social Science (n=33), 6% are Philosophy (n=21), 4% are Science (n=13), and 3% each are Anthroposophy (n=11), History (n=9) and Arts (n=9). The publication dates of Steiner’s Anglo-books span the period 1659 to 1925. This demonstrates that Steiner was acquiring Anglo-books right to the end of his life. Steiner’s library throws light on the development of the thoughts of this remarkable individual and the present paper reveals Steiner’s engagement throughout his life with the world of Anglo-publishing and thought.

scholarly journals Transformation of English Language in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Zakiyah Tasnim
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
English Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Amitav Ghosh ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Language

With millions of non-native English language users, English has gained the position of ‘global language’ in the last century. English literature also has a significant number of non-native writers from around the world. While grasping their own cultures in English, these non-native writers have been transforming English language to a remarkable extent. On many occasions, these transformed varieties are recognised as versions of English language. This essay explores the notion of translingual writers and their use of English language, taking The Hungry Tide, a novel of the Indian translingual writer Amitav Ghosh, as an example. The novel is studied, along with the works of other researchers, with the sole focus on the transformation of English language in it. This study looks for the answers of two questions. They are: 1. How do the translingual writers justify their transformation of English language?; and 2. How is Amitav Ghosh transforming English language in The Hungry Tide and why is he doing it?

scholarly journals Art as the Commentary of Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Sadaf Mushtaq Nasti
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
James Baldwin ◽  
George Bernard Shaw ◽  
Single Sentence ◽  
The World ◽  
Bernard Shaw ◽  
The Way

Literature has always been a mighty weapon in bringing reality to surface. It is the reflection of mirror in the form of print that actually ushers to forefront the reality of life. The main aim of art is to revolutionize the world in general and society in particular. “Art for the Sake of Life” generally refers to the notion that art makes us understand the conduct of everyday life. Although art encompasses literature yet it is more than that because it deals with every aspect of our life. It is the way to justify the grim realities of life while beautifying them. As a famous writer James Baldwin accords that “one can’t write a line without a message”. Art is a way of expressing oneself. Many people use it to express boundless emotions and thoughts, from turbulence to euphoria to bewilderment that everyone has within the heart, mind and soul. The authors have discovered an escape through art to seek meaning via truth, not just for the sake of art, but for the sake of life. Writers tweak the image of specific challenges so that a reader can see them through the same lens. George Bernard Shaw also avows that “For art’s sake alone I would not face the toil of writing a single sentence”. So, an artist should be moralist encumbered with a reforming zeal. Thus “Art for the sake of life” is a maxim that should be applied to all art; art with style, sophistication, pathos, and psychological resonance. It is not thus for the art’s sake rather it is for the life’s sake or social sake. Art is a medicine or elixir of pain which makes life bearable. The main aim of this paper is to showcase how art in general as well as in particular is only for life’s sake and not for art’s sake. Art thus has a cosmic phenomenon with a universal impact.

Sex and Science in Jack London’s America

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Layne Parish Craig
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Human Sexuality ◽  
George Bernard Shaw ◽  
Radclyffe Hall ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Literary Communities ◽  
Sexual Science ◽  
Bernard Shaw

English-language developments in sexual science were tied to literary communities from their earliest incarnations, as sexologists like Havelock Ellis and Marie Stopes also wrote novels and plays, and literary writers like George Bernard Shaw, H. G. Wells, and Radclyffe Hall wrote fiction that can be read as extending and complicating, as well as adopting, the language and ideas of sexological discourse. Like their British counterparts, American writers of fiction developed a wide range of responses to the theories of sexologists, as well as those theories’ political implications. London and his contemporaries not only referenced the research of sexologists but also adjusted and challenged the assumptions of the field as they spread it to new audiences, creating and spreading knowledge about human sexuality.

Shakespeare-The Brand

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Praveen .S .V
Keyword(s):  
William Shakespeare ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
Brand Personality ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
World Today ◽  
Greek Philosopher ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

William Shakespeare is known to the world as one of the greatest dramatist in the history of English Literature. It is unusual to attribute either Shakespeare or his works in the world of marketing, yet it is the fact that, even after 450 years, Shakespeare is still a recognizable and powerful brand in the world of today. Shakespearean festival was still being celebrated all over the world. Royal Society of Shakespeare still performs Shakespearean dramas every year, in more than twenty languages. It shows the brand image of Shakespeare, having in the world today. Aristotle, a Greek Philosopher, in his attempt to understand poetry and drama, expressed his view in his famous work Poetics that, both drama and poetry appeals to the emotions of a reader and spectators. The success of a drama, depends on the extent to which, a dramatist can able to capture the emotions of the audience. It is necessary for writers to have a unique brand personality to market their art. Every writer has their own set of target audience and follows various strategies to satisfy them. This paper deals with, how Shakespeare employed different strategies to create his own brand image, that helped him positioning his art among his target audience, thus ending up creating one of the greatest and powerful brand image in the History.

The Theory Arsenal: The Cambridge Circus and the Origins of the Keynesian Revolution

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Aslanbeigui ◽  
Guy Oakes
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
George Bernard Shaw ◽  
John Maynard Keynes ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
The World ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Bernard Shaw ◽  
The Way

In the winter of 1934–35, when John Maynard Keynes was beginning to circulate proofs of The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money, he indulged in a playful exchange of letters with George Bernard Shaw devoted mainly to the merits of Karl Marx as an economist. At the end of his letter of January 1, 1935, Keynes's observations took a more serious turn, documenting fundamental changes in his theoretical ambitions following the publication of his Treatise on Money in 1930: “To understand my state of mind, however, you have to know that I believe myself to be writing a book on economic theory which will largely revolutionize—not, I suppose, at once but in the course of the next ten years—the way the world thinks about economic problems” (Keynes 1973a, p. 492).

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