scholarly journals A Scenario of Cervical Carcinoma in a Cancer Hospital

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (175) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjani Kumar Jha ◽  
Jyoti Jha ◽  
Rabin Bista ◽  
B Basnet ◽  
Prakash Kandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Family History ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Maximum Frequency ◽  
Cancer Pattern

Introduction: Cervical carcinoma is an important women’s health problem throughout the world.There are very few published data on this disease in Nepal. We wanted to study the pattern ofcervical carcinoma based on hospital data.Methods: A 10 years retrospective study of scenario of cervical carcinoma was conducted. The datahave been analyzed according to age, occurrence of other cancers, histological type, religion, riskfactors and district wise.Results: The number of cervical carcinoma showed a rising pattern over the 10 year period. Themedian age of the patients was 45 years and maximum frequency (33%) of cases were found in theage group 40 to 49 years. Squamous cell carcinoma comprised 40% of cases, Adenocarcinoma 4% and1.1% cases were of mixed variety. 92% of cases were Hindu by religion. 43% of patients were smokerin our study, 5% had positive family history. Chitwan with 7.35% had the maximum number of casesfollowed by Rupandehi with 6.40% and Nawalparasi with 5.41%.Conclusions: The cancer pattern revealed by the present study provides valuable leads to cervicalcancer epidemiology in Nepal. Routine cytological screening of the population for cervical cancer ishighly necessary for its early detection and treatment.Key Words: Cervical carcinoma, hospital based study, Nepal, pattern

A retrospective study on breast cancer presentation, risk factors, and protective factors in patients with a positive family history of breast cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-473
Author(s):  
Ying Yi Liaw ◽  
Foong Shiang Loong ◽  
Suzanne Tan ◽  
Sze Yun On ◽  
Evelyn Khaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Family History ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals A retrospective study of febrile seizures among children admitted in a tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2112
Author(s):  
Maahir Mayan ◽  
Anitha S. Prabhu ◽  
Prakash Saldanha
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Family History ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Febrile Seizure ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Febrile Convulsion ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Care Hospital

Background: Febrile convulsion is one of the commonest seizure disorders in children. Prevention of febrile convulsions is therefore desirable, and is of particular relevance in children with factors carrying a high risk of recurrence. Aim and objectives were to study the demographic profile and some risk factors of febrile seizures among children.Methods: Retrospective study was conducted at Pediatric department of Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore. Considering inclusion & exclusion criteria all children in the 6 months to 5-year age who were diagnosed as having febrile convulsion admitted during January 2018 to October 2019 were included in the study.Results: Total out of the 96 children 53 (55.2%) were boys and 43 (44.7%) were girls. 61% children were in the 1-3-year age group. Mean age of occurrence was 2.2 years (±1.5 years). In this study, 81.25% (78) of the patients had simple and 18.75% (18) had the complex form of febrile seizure. In our study, 61.4% (59) of affected children had positive family history of febrile seizure. Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) (22.9%) followed by upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) and lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) (20.8%) was the most common co-morbidity. 47.9% children were hospitalized for 1-3 days.Conclusions: Most of the children had a positive family history and the most common causative factor was Age, URTI, LRTI etc. are associated with febrile convulsion and these diseases can be managed effectively thereby reducing the occurrence of febrile convulsion.  

scholarly journals Association Between Endoscopic, Radiologic and Patient-reported Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A. Luukkainen ◽  
J. Numminen ◽  
M. Rautiainen ◽  
A. Julkunen ◽  
H. Huhtala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Nasal Endoscopy ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
History Of

Objectives: Chronic Rhinosinusitis without Nasal Polyps (CRSsNP) and with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) affect 10% and 1-4% of the general population respectively. Early detection and treatment of CRSwNP might prevent recalcitrant disease forms. The aim of this prospective controlled study was to evaluate association between endoscopic, radiologic, and self-reported CRSwNP, and a family history in defining CRSwNP. Methods: This study involved 73 CRS patients aged 18 years or over undergoing CRS-surgical consultation at the Tampere University Hospital. Data of sinus Computed Tomography (CT) scans and nasal endoscopy was obtained from patient records. Sixty controls ±allergic rhinitis underwent clinical examination. All subjects filled a questionnaire. Associations were analyzed by Chi square and adjusted regression models. The predictive performance of various parameters was assessed using the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUROC). Results: A total of 33% of CRSwNP patients reported not having Nasal Polyps (NPs), while 18% of CRSsNP patients reported having NPs (p < 0.001). Radiologic Nasal Polyp (NP) score differentiated CRSwNP from CRSsNP with an AUROC of 0.95 (95% CI 0.91-1.00). The AUROC value for Lund-Mackay (LM) score was 0.84 (0.75-0.94). Positive family history of NP did not differ significantly between CRS and control groups. Family history of allergy or asthma was given with certainty, whereas CRS patients had uncertainty of reporting NPs in family compared to controls (adjusted OR=6.02, 95% CI 1.98-18.30, p = 0.002). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that in situations where nasal endoscopy cannot be performed, early detection of CRSwNP could result from information obtained from sinus CT scans and patients, in comparison to family history which has lower predictive value. However validation studies with larger sample sizes are still needed.

scholarly journals Onkogenesis, Morfologi, dan Modalitas Deteksi Dini Karsinoma Serviks

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Elsani P. L. Rapar ◽  
Maria K. Sambuaga ◽  
Meilany F. Durry
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
E6 And E7

Abstract: The incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer in developing countries are relatively high compared to developed countries. The main risk factor for cervical cancer is high risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, such as types 16 and 18. Types of high-risk HPV expresses oncoproteins E6 and E7 which play an essential role in the pathogenesis of cervical carcinoma through inhibition of the activity of gene group expression products that play a role in suppressing tumor growth, such as p53 and pRB. This process will cause morphological changes in the squamous epithelium from precancerous lesions to cancer. The development of squamous epithelial cell cancer can be prevented through screening tests in order to detect cervical cancer early. This study was aimed to obtain the oncogenesis, morphology, and early detection modality of cervical carcinoma. This was a literature review study using three databases, as follows: ClinicalKey, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The results explained that p53 and pRB suppression by high-risk HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 played an important role in the pathogenesis of cervical carcinoma. The most common histological type is squamous cell carcinoma. Screening tests such as visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), Pap smears and HPV DNA have an important role as modalities for early detection of malignancy. More specifically VIA and Pap smears are suitable for Indonesia which is a developing country, especially when implemented in peripheral areas.Keywords: oncogenesis; morphological changes; early detection; cervical carcinoma  Abstrak: Insidens dan mortalitas kanker serviks di negara berkembang relatif tinggi dibandingkan negara maju. Faktor risiko utama dari kanker serviks adalah infeksi human papilloma virus (HPV) risiko tinggi yaitu tipe 16 dan 18. HPV tipe risiko tinggi mengekspresikan onkoprotein E6 dan E7, yang berperan penting dalam patogenesis karsinoma serviks melalui inhibisi terhadap aktivitas produk-produk ekspresi kelompok gen yang berperan dalam menekan pertumbuhan tumor, seperti p53 dan pRB. Proses ini akan menyebabkan perubahan morfologik pada epitel skuamosa mulai dari lesi prakanker sampai kanker. Perkembangan kanker sel epitel skuamosa dapat dicegah melalui pemeriksaan skrining guna mendeteksi dini kanker serviks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui onkogenesis, morfologi, dan modalitas deteksi dini karsinoma serviks. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review menggunakan tiga basis data yaitu ClinicalKey, PubMed, dan Google Scholar. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa penekanan p53 dan pRB oleh onkoprotein HPV risiko tinggi E6 dan E7 sangat berperan penting dalam patogenesis karsinoma serviks. Tipe histologik tersering ialah tipe karsinoma sel skuamosa. Pemeriksaan skrining seperti pemeriksaan inspeksi visual dengan asam asetat (IVA), Pap smear dan HPV DNA memiliki peran penting sebagai modalitas deteksi dini keganasan. Lebih khusus IVA dan Pap smear cocok untuk negara Indonesia yang merupakan negara berkembang, terutama bila diimplementasikan di daerah perifer.Kata kunci: onkogenesis; perubahan morfologik; deteksi dini; karsinoma serviks

The use of micro RNA in the early detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Wittenborn ◽  
Leonore Weikert ◽  
Birgit Hangarter ◽  
Elmar Stickeler ◽  
Jochen Maurer
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Cervical Mucus ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Screening Programs

Abstract An important issue in current oncological research is prevention as well as early detection of cancer. This includes also the difficulty to predict the progression of early or pre-cancerous lesions to invasive cancer. In this context, the characterization and categorization of pre-neoplastic lesions of squamous cell carcinoma [cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)] are an important task with major clinical impact. Screening programs are worldwide established with the aim to detect and eradicate such lesions with the potential to develop untreated into cervical cancer. From the literature it is known that around 5% of CIN 2 and 12% of CIN 3 cases will progress to cancer. The use of molecular markers extracted from cervical mucus might help to identify these high-risk cases and to exclude unnecessary biopsies or surgical treatment. Here we can show that micro RNA (miRNA) analysis from cervical mucus of 49 patients allowed us to distinguish between healthy patients and patients with CIN 3. The miRNA panel used in combination allowed for highly significant testing (P &lt; 0.0001) of CIN 3 status. In parallel, the human papillomavirus status of the patients, the most important factor for the development of cervical cancer, significantly correlated with the miRNA markers hsa-miR-26b-5p, hsa-miR-191-5p and hsa-miR-143-3p, a subpanel of the original six miRNAs. We provide here a proof-of-concept for cervical mucus-based testing for pre-neoplastic stages of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

scholarly journals Clinico-Epidemiological Features of Melasma : A Retrospective Study from Dermatology-Venereology Department of Education Center Hospital in West Sumatera, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-392
Author(s):  
Satya Wydya Yenny
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Family History ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Department Of Education ◽  
Symmetric Distribution ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Center Hospital ◽  
The Face

Background: Melasma is an acquired, irregularly patterned, light to dark-brown hypermelanosis, with symmetric distribution mostly over the face. Currently there is no published data about incidence of melasma in Indonesia. Methods: Retrospective study was conducted in patients with melasma from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018 in Dr. M. Djamil hospital padang, Indonesia. Results: Melasma was more prevalent in females (96.6%) and in Fitzpatrick skin phototypes IV (60 %) and III (40 %). Among 60 patients, centrofacialmelasma was most common (48.3 %), Family history (58.1%) and sun exposure exceeding 1 hour (61.3%) were among the factors contributing to melasma development. The incidences of melasma in 2016-2018 varied every year, the most affected was in female 44-64 years old, the most clinical type is Centrofacial, and epidermal type from Wood’s lamp examination. Conclusions: This population was characterized by: a high incidence in females, Fitzpatrick skin phototypes IV, diseasepresipitation by family history and sun exposure

scholarly journals Prognostic Impact of Histopathology in Patients with Advanced Stage Cervical Carcinoma Treated with Radiotherapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Nasrin Hossain ◽  
Rahana Perveen ◽  
Mohammed Sharif Mahmud ◽  
Mohammed Kabirul Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Histopathological Type ◽  
Disease Free

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwidev . Most patients in developing countries including Bangladesh present at advanced stage. Histopathological types of cervical cancer influence the treatment outcome when treated by radiation therapy. Objective: To determine the disease free survival (DFS) in different histopathological types in advanced stage cervical carcinoma treated with radiotherapy. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in Gynaecological oncology outpatient department (GOPD) of National institute of Cancer Research & Hospital (NICRH), Dhaka for one year from September’2016 to July’2017. Advanced stage (IIB-IVB) cervical cancer who completed radiation therapy and histopathological type either squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of cervix were included in this study. Results: The median follow-up time was 1.82 years; range was 8 to 24 months. Average disease free survival (DFS) was 1.53years in squamous cell carcinoma (SSC) and 1.51 years in adenocarcinoma (ADC). Local recurrences was higher in adenocarcinoma group (62.5%) than squamous cell carcinoma (30.5%) & the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.001). Loco-regional recurrence and distal recurrence were also higher in ADC than SSC but results were not statistically significant (p=.345, p=.795). In multivariate analysis it was shown that histopathological type and stage of disease were found to be independently significant prognostic factors for DFS, hazard ratio were 1.766 (p=.018) and 2.173 (p=.006). Conclusion: Adenocarcinoma was a poor prognostic factor for patients with locally advanced cervical carcinoma. Advanced stage of disease was also significant predictor for disease free survival. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2019; 37(4): 175-180

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices toward Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Hesam Adin Atashi ◽  
Mohammad Eslami Vaghar ◽  
Maedeh Olya ◽  
Parisa Mirzamohammadi ◽  
Hamid Zaferani Arani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Family History ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
History Of ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: The incidence of breast cancer is rising rapidly worldwide. Midwives have an important role in early detection of the disease by providing the patients with awareness and an accurate Clinical Breast Examination (CBE) of the patients that are effective in early detections. This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes and practices of midwives toward breast cancer.Methods: The study was conducted on 210 of midwives aged 20-62 who participated in a seminar for clarifying the role of knowledge, attitudes and practices in breast cancer early detection and prevention. The data were collected using a standard questionnaire which has 4 sections with 55 items including age, educational level, number of family members, marital status, family history of breast cancer and their knowledge, attitude and practices about breast cancer screening. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13.0.Results: About two-third of the participants (65.9%) had excellent knowledge about the signs and symptoms of breast cancer. The results revealed that 30.8% of respondents performed self-examination once a month. There was a significant correlation between the knowledge of breast cancer and adopting preventive practices (P = 0.02). The level of their attitude was significantly associated with a positive family history of breast cancer (P= 0.03). There was no significant relationship between marital status or family history of breast cancer with CBE. Conclusion: An appropriate level of knowledge and practice of breast cancer screening was observed to help prevention among midwives. The findings can have remarkable practical implications as midwives can play an important role to broaden the breast-cancer-related knowledge of women.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Para-Aortic Lymphadenopathy in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer using Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garba Haruna Yunusa ◽  
Usman Malami Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Figo Stage ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Advanced Cervical Carcinoma

Introduction: Determination of status of Para-Aortic Lymph Node (PALN) in patients with cervical cancer is one of the most important factors guiding the treatment. It is essential in determining individualised therapy and prognosis. Aim: To assess the prevalence of para-aortic lymphadenopathy among patients with advanced cervical carcinoma referred for radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of patients referred to Radiotherapy and Oncology Department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria was carried out. Patient demographics, history of co-morbid conditions, histology, stage at diagnosis, and Computed Tomographic (CT) scan findings of enlarged PALN greater or equal to 10 mm in short axis diameter were retrieved. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS statistics version 23. Results: A total of 220 patients, age range 27-84 years with mean age 49.95±11.96 years were studied. The histological diagnosis were squamous cell carcinoma in 182 (87.2%), adenocarcinoma in 22 (10%), clear cell carcinoma in 9 (4.1%) while 7 (3.2%) patients had other histological variants. Co-morbities found were chronic cervicitis and HIV in 27 (12.3%) and 19 (8.6%) of the patients, respectively. CT prevalence of PALN was 23 (10.5%). The prevalence of PALN according to International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage were 4.3%, 17.4%, 34.8%, 30.4% and 13.0% in stages IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA and IVB, respectively. Clinical stage determined based on physical examination and imaging findings, was shown to be related to PALN by univariate analysis (χ2=29.162, p=0.0001). Conclusion: This study found a 10.5% prevalence of para-aortic lymphadenopathy and a significant relationship between clinical stage and PALN. This should be taken into consideration during treatment planning for patients with advanced cervical carcinoma.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document