scholarly journals Low Cost Level II Newborn Care Service: Experience Of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (152) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
D S Manandhar ◽  
K Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Special Care ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Special Care Baby Unit ◽  
Level Ii

Newborn infants require special care when they become sick. Majority of the newborn require only feeding,warmth and loving care by the mothers. Nearly 15-20% of newborns become sick requiring care in hospital.Most of these babies can be managed using low cost locally made equipment which makes newborn careaffordable. This is a prospective study of 201 sick newborns looked after in the Special Care Baby Unit(SCBU) of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital (KMCTH) using locally made low cost equipment.In the period of 28 months from 2nd July, 2001 to 17th Oct. 2003, 882 babies were delivered at KathmanduMedical College Teaching Hospital (KMCTH). 859 were live births. Out of 859 live births, 173 (20.1%)were admitted in the special care baby unit (SCBU). SCBU of this hospital also admitted 28 babies bornoutside the hospital. The main causes of admission in SCBU were low birth weight (37.3%), neonataljaundice (18.9%), birth asphyxia (6.9%), septicaemia (2.4%) and out of 201 babies admitted in SCBU,89% were discharged in good condition, 3.9% of the babies left against medical advice, 2 babies (one withcongenital hydronephrosis and another with congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis) were transferred toKanti Children Hospital for surgery and 11 babies (5.4%) expired. The main causes of neonatal deathswere extreme prematurity (70%), septicaemia (23%), birth asphyxia (15.3%) and congenital anomalies(7.6%). The perinatal mortality rate (PMR) and neonatal mortality rate (NMR) during this period were26.4/1000 births and 15.1/1000 live births respectively. In SCBU, locally made low cost equipment(Resuscitaire, Warm cot, Phototherapy and Oxygen hood designed by Prof D.S. Manandhar) are beingused in the manangement of sick babies, since the unit was started on 2nd July, 2001. Babies with birthweight as low as 1020 gms and gestation as low as 28 weeks have survived in this unit. This unit has shownthat Level II care could be provided with simple and low cost equipment and results are quite satisfactory.Good antenatal care, good care during delivery including use of partogram and care during postnatalperiod have helped to make this result good. Expansion of such facilities in district and bigger hospitals inthe country are not only affordable but also will have great impact in saving many lives. This will have amajor impact in reducing the present high IMR and NMR of the country.Key Words: Care of sick neonates, low cost locally made equipment, common neonatal problems,special care baby unit, and level II care.

scholarly journals Retrospective assessment of neonatal morbidity and mortality in the special care baby unit of a private health facility in Benue State, North Central Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-357
Author(s):  
M.O. Ochoga ◽  
R.O. Abah ◽  
A. Michael ◽  
L.E. Yaguo Ide ◽  
R. Onalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Special Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Special Care Baby Unit

Background: Newborn morbidity and mortality have remained unacceptably high in developing countries despite consistent efforts at controlling  the scourge. Unlike in developed countries where neonatal mortality rate ranges between 1 and 5 per 1000 live births, average neonatal mortality rate in Nigeria is 36 per 1000 live births. The majority of the causes of death are largely preventable with timely low cost interventions. This study was structured to determine the pattern of morbidity and mortality amongst babies admitted in the Special Care Baby Unit of Madonna hospital Makurdi, Nigeria.Methods: The records of neonates admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) over a tenyear period (2005-2015) were retrospectively reviewed. Information obtained included the sex, age at admission, gestational age, birth weight, reasons for admission and outcome of treatment.Results: A total of 1,121 babies were admitted during the period under review. The male female ratio was 1.2:1.The majority of the babies were aged between 2-7 days with a mean 6.17.+ 7.01 The mean weight on admission was 2807+907g. Neonatal sepsis, jaundice, low birth weight and birthasphyxia were the most common morbidities. The overall mortalityrate was 14.1%; however, proportionate mortality due to low birth weight was highest (26.4%), followed by tetanus (23.5%), asphyxia (20.8%), Respiratory tract infection (13.8%), meningitis (13.3%), sepsis (10.3%), jaundice (9.6%), and diarhoea (4.0%)Conclusion: Neonatal mortality rate in the study was high. The major causes of admission are preventable. Strengthening perinatal care, emergency obstetric care services and neonatal resuscitation skills are necessary to reduce the neonatal mortality. Key words: Neonate, Morbidity, Mortality, Nigeria 

Study on Knowledge and Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome among Computer Operators in Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Pramod Sharma Gautam ◽  
Uday Chandra Prakash ◽  
Subreena Dangol
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Human Life ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology

Background: The eye and vision related problems that results from continuous use of computers and other visual display terminals for extended period of time leads to computer vision syndrome. Due to rapid digitalization in human life, the risk of developing it has also increased in many folds. So, with an aim of determining the prevalence and level of awareness of computer vision syndrome among computer users along with their attitude and practices to prevent it, this study was conducted in the office employees who use computer for a considerable period of time. Materials and Methods: A hospital based observational descriptive study was conducted in the out-patient department of Ophthalmology in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, where 105 employees working in different work stations of same institution were enrolled. A questionnaire and the clinical findings were used to collect data. Results: About 80% of the employees were using computer for about (8-11) hours per day. Prevalence of computer vision syndrome noted was (92.4%) with low level of knowledge (85.7%) about it. About 45% of them wore glasses for their refractive errors but attitude and practices in work place to prevent the bad effects of using visual display terminals were found to be lacking (53.3%). Burning sensation in the eye, headache, ocular irritation and itching and neck, shoulder or back pain were the common symptoms. Around (60-70)% of the eyes tested positive for dry eye. Conclusion: Lack of awareness of computer vision syndrome and lack of personal protective measures were associated with its high level of prevalence.  

Outcome of initial three years of Cranial Endoscopy at DG Khan Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqbal Ahmad ◽  
Ummer Farooq Raina ◽  
Muhammad Yousaf ◽  
Liaqat Jalal ◽  
Samia Saeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cranial Endoscopy

Anxiety and Depression among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases in Pulmonology Unit of Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1285-1290
Author(s):  
Nilam Kumari Jha ◽  
Komal Kant Jha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases

Introduction: Anxiety and Depression is a common comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Impaired lung function is a risk factor for depression In COPD patients, reduced recreational activities and social Isolation is a major risk factor resulting in anxiety and depression.  Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of Anxiety and Depression among the COPD patients at Pulmonology unit of Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital.  Methodology: A hospital based cross- sectional research design was used for the study. A total of 185 patients with previously diagnosed COPD. Data were collected by using a face to face interview technique in patients to evaluate anxiety and depression using Nepali version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal from May to August 2020. Data analysis were done by descriptive and inferential statistics.  Results: A total of 185 patients participated in the study, 157 patients (84.9%) had anxiety, 107 patients (57.8%) had depression and 102 patients (55.1%) had both anxiety and depression. There was statistically significant association of anxiety and depression in COPD patients with age, religion, occupation, smoking status, duration of illness, history of previous hospitalization, number of hospitalization in previous year, type of family, domiciliary oxygen therapy.  Conclusion: The study concluded that anxiety and depression had been most prevalent in COPD patients. Therefore health personnel working in the Pulmonology unit should be aware the early assessment and treatment of anxiety and depression of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases patients. 

Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Pharmacovigilance among Doctors at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital Birgunj, Nepal

Med Phoenix ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Smita Singh ◽  
Deependra Prasad Sarraf ◽  
Prabin Singh ◽  
Pragati Poudyel
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
Medical College ◽  
National Medical

Introduction: Pharmacovigilance helps in the detection and prevention of adverse effects of drugs. For the effectiveness of this program, health care professionals should report adverse drug reactions (ADRs) considering it as their moral and professional obligation. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of the doctors towards ADRs and pharmacovigilance in  National Medical College Teaching Hospital (NMCTH), a tertiary care teaching hospital situated in the Narayani zone. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire consisting of four parts; first part included a demographic profile of participants, the second part consisted of ten questions for the assessment of the knowledge about pharmacovigilance, third part comprised of six questions on attitude and fourth part consisted of five questions on practice. The results were depicted in the form of percentages for each KAPs questionnaire.   Results: The response rate of participants was 85.16%. Pharmacovigilance was correctly defined by 52%. Department of drug administration was responsible for monitoring ADRs in Nepal was correctly given by 80%. Only 8% had reported ADRs, although 62% had encountered an ADR in their clinical practice. Conclusion: The doctors at NMCTH had a poor KAP towards pharmacovigilance and educational intervention is needed for the proper functioning of this program.

scholarly journals Study in the Quality of Clinical Documentation Practice in Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Upendra Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Patient Consent ◽  
One Year

Background: Primary documentation of a patient is crucial for making effective healthcare decision and improvements in the quality of care. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of current documentation practice in tertiary care hospitals. Materials and methods: This was an assessment of medical documentation practice of one year from the period of January 2010 to December 2010 in Chitwan Medical College, Teaching Hospital. Total 184 patients' discharge files were enrolled and reviewed. Documentation was reviewed in its quality such as completeness, Coherent, consistency and Legibility.Results: In overall pooled analysis, High omission rate was observed in final diagnosis, results (cure, improved, referral and death), hospital stay, and final case summary. Although, satisfactory performance was observed in complete set of forms (72.2%); Patient consent for treatment &release authorization forms (78.2%) and treatment chart (60.8%), the overall pooled performance in ten components showed50% performance gap. Study demonstrated that documentation and its legibility, coherent and consistency in all departments needs substantial improvements in the institution.JNGMC Vol. 12 No. 2 December 2014, Page: 11-16

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated morbidities of preterm neonatal admissions at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, North-Eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mustapha ◽  
P. Simon ◽  
B.I. Abdullahi ◽  
H.I. Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Special Care ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Special Care Baby Unit ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
The University

Introduction: Preterm delivery is of considerable concern to clinicians and researchers being a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality in the industrialized countries and also contributes to substantial complications among survivors. Sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria accounts for significant proportion of preterm births, with over million deaths due to complication of prematurity. Objectives: The study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated morbidities of preterm deliveries at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, North-Eastern Nigeria. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective review of neonates delivered before 37 completed weeks of gestation and admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, from 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2015. Results: There were 3435 admissions into the Special Care baby Unit (SCBU) during the 8 year period. Out of these 1129 were preterm babies giving a prevalence of 32.9%. Of the 1129 preterm babies managed in SCBU, 714 case records were retrieved and analyzed giving a retrieval rate of 63%. There were 372 (52.1%) males and 342 (47.9%) females; with the male to female ratio of 1:1.08. There were 17(2.3%) extreme low birth weight  (<1000g), 288 (40.3%) very low birth weight (1000-1499 g), 406 (56.9%) low birth weight (1500- 2499 g) babies. The range of admission weights was 700-2500g with mean of 1600±900g. Conclusion: The burden, complications and mortality from preterm newborns remain significant public health challenges to care givers in Nigeria. Key words : Prevalence, preterm babies, associated morbidities, Maiduguri 

scholarly journals Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among the suspected patients visiting tertiary care hospital in Birgunj, Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
S Shrestha ◽  
B Shakya ◽  
P Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
National Medical College ◽  
Medical College ◽  
National Medical

Background and Objectives: Mycobacterial disease continues to cause high morbidity and mortality and is a major public health problem in Nepal. Bacteriological examination of sputum is the cornerstone in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in the developing world. This prospective study was carried out with an objective to evaluate the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among the patients visiting National Medical College Teaching Hospital by Ziehl- Neelsen (Zn) staining microscopy. Material and Methods: The study was cross-sectional study. Three consecutive early morning sputum collected from 626 patients were subjected to Zn staining and observed under oil immersion. Results: Among 626 patients, 85 (13.57%) were found to be Acid fast positive by Zn staining microscopy. Of total suspected patients,16.0% of male and 8.7% of female were infected, common among 41-60 years group (17.2%) followed by 21-40 years (12.6%) and multibacillary cases was 71.8%. Conclusion: The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among National medical college teaching hospital was found to be higher than the Nation pulmonary tuberculosis detection rate, most commonly infecting males. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v1i1.7886 Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2013) Vol. 1 (1):48-52

scholarly journals Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern to Urinary Pathogens in Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital , Duwakot

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binita Pradhan ◽  
SB Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganism ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections

IntroductionIn developing countries, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most commonly diagnosed diseases among the patient seeking medical service and being treated with empirical antibiotics which causes resistance.ObjectiveTo find out the prevalence of urinary tract infection and sensitivity pattern of antibiotics among bacterial pathogens isolated in patients attending Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Duwakot.MethodologyAll the patients with the clinical suspicion of UTI were sent for urine culture. Prevalence of UTI and urinary pathogens isolated with antimicrobial profile was correlated.ResultA total number of 1735 clinically suspected as UTI cases were sent for urine culture sensitivity. Total culture positive were 239 (13.8%). The majority of isolates were from female patients comprising 180 (75%). The most common pathogenic microorganism isolated was E.coli (79.1%). Second most common organism was Klebsiella (11.7%) followed by Citrobacter (3.34%) and Proteus (2.92%). The isolated microorganism showed maximum number of sensitivity with the antibiotics Ofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin. The isolated microorganism demonstrated resistance with Nalidixic Acid and Co-Trimoxazole. ConclusionUrinary tract infection is a commonly encountered case in general practice. Females are commonly affected than men. The microbiological profile and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern while initiating empirical treatment must be taken into account while planning for the management. Regular supervision of the sensitivity pattern of pathogenic microorganism is mandatory for effective treatment.Birat Journal of Health Sciences Vol.2/No.1/Issue 2/ Jan - April 2017, Page: 134-137

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy in Neonates with Birth Asphyxia - A Hospital Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Jyoti Adhikari ◽  
Deepak Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Obstructed Labor ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Introduction: Each year approximately 4 million babies are born asphyxiated, which results in 1 million deaths and an equal number of serious neurological sequelae. One of the commonest organs involved in birth asphyxia is brain which may lead to a syndrome of clinical manifestation called Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE). Aims: To find out possible maternal and neonatal risk factors for Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy, to analyze clinical presentations and outcome of HIE in asphyxiated newborns. Methods: Hospital based observational study was carried out among fifty newborns with Apgar score less than 7 at 1 minute of life admitted in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur, Banke. Results: The incidence of birth asphyxia and birth asphyxia with HIE were 37.2 per 1000 live births and 14 per 1000 live births with male: female ratio of 1.27:1. Most of the neonates 22(44%) were in HIE stage II. Meconium stained amniotic fluid 18 (36%) was the most common intrapartum risk factor followed by maternal use of intrapartum medications 14 (28%), Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) 8 (16%), prolonged labor 5 (10%) and obstructed labor 6 (12%). Four (8%) asphyxiated neonates with HIE had cord prolapse and 7 (14%) had cord around the neck. The most common resuscitation done was bag and mask ventilation (56%) (P<0.05). Majority of the studied neonates were of normal birth weight (76%) and head circumference (84%) (P<0.05) with clinical presentations of respiratory distress (88%), seizures (44%), apnea (22%), bradycardia (8%), tachycardia (6%) and bulged anterior fontanel (6%). The overall mortality of neonates with HIE was 20% of which most were of HIE stage III. Conclusion: Certain measures could be taken to prevent birth asphyxia: early detection and intervention of high risk pregnancy, prompt and effective resuscitation of asphyxiates newborns.

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