scholarly journals Study of Upper Pharyngeal Airway Dimension in Young Adults Visiting Orthodontic Department of a Dental College: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (235) ◽  
Author(s):  
Resina Pradhan ◽  
Anjana Rajbhandari ◽  
Manju Bajracharya ◽  
Pushkar Manandhar ◽  
Surendra Maharjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Pharyngeal Airway ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Reference Number ◽  
Ethical Clearance

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment may affect the size and position of oropharyngeal structures altering the airway dimension. Airway dimension is considered as one of the parameter of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Narrow airway passage is associated with sleep disordered breathing. This aims to study about the measurement of upper pharyngeal airway dimension of young Nepalese adults visiting orthodontic department of a dental college. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Orthodontics, People’s Dental College and Hospital, Kathmandu. Data was collected from 8th December 2020 to 28th February 2021. Ethical clearance (Reference number. 1, CH100 06, 2077/2076) was taken from Institutional Review Committee of Peoples Dental College and Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Convenient Sampling technique was done. Data was collected and analysis was done using Statistical Packageof Social Sciences 16. Results: Mean upper pharyngeal airway dimension was 11.40±1.84mm and 11.68±1.96mm for male and female respectively. Upper pharyngeal airway dimension was found to be almost similar for male and female. Conclusions: Gender diversity regarding upper pharyngeal airway dimesnion was not observed in this study while other studies also revealed similarities in upper pharyngeal airway dimension between male and female, inspite of larger craniofacial dimension in males than females.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding tuberculosis among the patients at GMCH, Udaipur (Rajasthan)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 4272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendra Singh Rathore ◽  
Jyoti Jain ◽  
Mukul Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Insignificant Difference ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice ◽  
Ethical Clearance

Background: The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding Tuberculosis among non TB patients in Udaipur.Methods: A cross sectional study conducted at Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur among the non TB patients during the period of 1st June 2015 to 31st December 2016 after obtaining Ethical clearance from Human Research Ethical Committee. Study was conducted on 220 patients using a pre tested questionnaire after taking their verbal consent to participate in study.Results: Insignificant difference in knowledge about TB was found between male and female respondents. More than 65% of respondents found to have correct knowledge regarding sign and symptom, mode of acquiring TB and mode of preventing TB.Conclusions: Health education directed towards improve knowledge and bringing a change in attitude and practice among non TB patients is needed to create awareness and remove myths about tuberculosis in groups of people in the community.

scholarly journals Status of self-esteem in medical students of a college in Kathmandu: A descriptive cross sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1031
Author(s):  
Bikal Shrestha ◽  
Stuti Yadav ◽  
Subodh Dhakal ◽  
Pooja Ghimire ◽  
Yubika Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
The Status

Background: Self-esteem is vital to living a happy, confident and content life. Medical students experience various forms of stress due to academic, financial and social pressures which could affect their levels of self-esteem. This study aims to study the status of self-esteem among undergraduates of a medical college at Tribhuvan University, Nepal. Methods: After receiving the ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (IRC) of NAIHS; we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among the first- to fifth-year medical students from December 2020 to April 2021. 190 were selected for the study using a stratified random sampling technique. This study used the Rosenberg self-esteem scale to measure self–esteem of the participants. A Google Forms questionnaire was sent to the participants via email. Then, the data obtained were entered in the Google sheet and later analyzed using SPSS 27. A Chi-square test was used to identify potential differences in self-esteem scores among different variables. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.  Results: This study included a total of 180 participants, among which, 18.9% (13.19% to 24.61%; at 95% CI) students showed low self -esteem. 74.4% (68.02% to 80.78%; at 95% CI) students had normal self-esteem and 6.7% (3.05% to 10.35%; at 95% CI) students had high self-esteem. The mean self-esteem score was 19.19 (15.01 to 23.37; at 95% CI). Female participants suffered more than males from low self-esteem, and third-year students had the highest percentage of low self-esteem (30.77%). Conclusion: The majority (74.4%) of medical students had normal self-esteem. However, 18.9% students had low self-esteem, among which, third-year students suffered the most (30.77%). Likewise, females exhibited higher prevalence of low self-esteem compared to males. Interventions to boost the level of self-esteem should be carried out to help medical students become confident and efficient doctors.

scholarly journals Stress among Resident Doctors Working in Different Hospitals of Nepal in the Face of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (238) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gauri Adhikari ◽  
Leela Poudel ◽  
Bidushi Pokhrel ◽  
Ganesh Bhandari ◽  
Kshitij Kumar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Introduction: The emergence and propagation of COVID-19 pandemic has subjected resident doctors to greater workload and consequent psychological implications. Many studies have illustrated various degrees of mental health issues among health care workers in general; however very limited ones have focused primarily on the resident doctors. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the prevalence of stress among the resident doctors of Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in all the teaching hospitals of Nepal with ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number-245). An online self-designed structured questionnaire developed using Google forms along with questions from stress subscale of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 was disseminated to the residents via social media platforms using Convenience sampling technique. Responses generated were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: The prevalence of stress among resident doctors was found to be 16 (8.2%) (4.3-12.1 at 95% Confidence Interval). Greater prevalence of stress was seen among residents working outside Kathmandu valley, those in the frontline and those who were unmarried. Loss of collaborative study/ professional and academic growth experiences was responsible for causing extremely severe stress among 60 (30.9%) residents, followed by stress due to uncertainty regarding COVID-19 58 (29.9%) and unavailability/lack of quality control of personal protective equipment 58 (29.9%). Conclusions: This study has shed light upon the prevalence of stress and its precipitating factors in Nepalese resident doctors due to COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings could help address these issues for their mitigation promptly.

scholarly journals Higher Termination of Brachial Artery in Cadavers in the Department of Anatomy of a Medical College: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (240) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanzida Khatun ◽  
Diwakar Kumar Shah
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Reference Number ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Usual Site

Introduction: The main blood supply for arm is provided by the brachial artery. It shows variation in branching and termination patterns in some individuals. Variation in brachial artery may cause difficulties during various clinical and surgical procedures. The present study aims to find out the prevalence of higher termination of brachial artery in cadavers in the department of anatomy of a medical college. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from 10th January 2020 to 20th April 2021 after the ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of Nobel Medical College (reference number: IRC-NMCTH 280/2020). The study was done in 58 upper limbs of 29 properly embalmed cadavers. Convenient sampling was done. They were carefully dissected. The level of termination of brachial artery was noted. The length of the brachial artery and the distance between its termination and the intercondylar line of humerus was recorded. Results: Higher termination of brachial artery was observed in 3 (5.17%) extremities; one (1.72%) at middle third of arm and two (3.45%) at lower third of arm. In 52 (89.66%) extremities, the site of termination was at the level of neck of radius. The brachial artery terminated a few centimeters below its usual site at the level of upper part of shaft of the radius in 3 (5.17%) extremities. Conclusions: The prevalence of higher termination of brachial artery in cadavers is slightly lower than the studies performed in similar settings. It is not an uncommon finding. It may have impact on clinical and surgical procedures.

scholarly journals Healthcare student’s perception towards e-learning approach during COVID-19 pandemic: A study protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaidehi Kannao ◽  
Waqar M. Naqvi ◽  
Sakshi P. Arora
Keyword(s):  
Online Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Reference Number ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Ethical Clearance

Abstract Introduction: The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has shaken humanity to its core. In the physical distancing, span of vaccination is the most remarkable protective measure for outspreading disease. Shutdown of universities and schools has made education undetermined at every levels. During this pandemic, the demand for a well-trained generation of upcoming doctors is greater than it has ever been in our living memory. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, medical education now requires mandatory e-learning. However, in emerging countries like India, the scope of the challenges remains unexplored (with wide socioeconomic and cultural diversity). At this critical juncture, we want to see if online teaching approaches for medical students are as appropriate, beneficial and accessible.Method: A cross-sectional study will be conducted in Ravi Nair College of Physiotherapy, India, with a sample size of 150 students aged 18 to 30 years with the study duration will be 6 months. The participants will be asked to fill the questionnaire through an electronic survey in Google Forms. And after completion of the study result will be calculated by systemic data analysis.Discussion: During the COVID-19 pandemics, this study will assess the approach of healthcare students in perceiving online learning. The research will help understand more about their views on e-learning as a device for assisting their education throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, a better understanding of this may aid in the formulation of future medical school curricula.The Institutional Ethical Clearance reference number for this study is RNPC/IEC/2020-21/0014.

scholarly journals Study of Fingerprint Patterns in Population of a Community

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (219) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iju Shrestha ◽  
Banshi Krishna Malla
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gender Identification ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Review Committee ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Composite Pattern ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ethical Clearance

Introduction: Fingerprints, serve as one of the crucial tools for identification of the individual for various purposes. Sex, being one of those tools, researchers have suggested the use of fingerprints for gender identification. The objective of the study was to observe the distribution of various fingerprints patterns in the population of a community, together with the most prevalent pattern. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the population of Duwakot VDC, Bhaktapur from May 2019 to July 2019. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee with reference no. 2812201804. One hundred and ninety-six individuals of 18 to 60 years of age were enrolled. Fingerprints of all ten fingers were taken and studied to see the distribution pattern and analyzed for gender differences. Simple random sampling was done and the sample size was calculated with a prevalence of 50%. The data obtained were computed and analyzed using Excel to find the results. Results: The study showed the highest frequency of loops 1033 (52.71%) followed by whorls 537 (27.38%), arches 300 (15.28%) and composite pattern 90 (4.61%). The radial loops were observed more in the males 397 (5.54%) of total males whereas ulnar loops were observed more in the females 636 (96.38%) of total females. Among whorls, the concentric whorls were seen more in males 245 (52.03%) whereas the spiral whorls were seen more in the females 292 (53.27%). Conclusions: For standard authenticity of the sexual dimorphism, fingerprint patterns, can also be considered for gender identification purposes

scholarly journals Female doctors are more emotionally exhausted than their male counterparts in Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Ilker Dastan ◽  
Mustafa Ali Mustafa Al-samarraie ◽  
Saad Ahmed Ali Jadoo
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Stress At Work ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: The increasing number of women graduating from medical schools doubles the level of responsibility and increases competition with males. Therefore, the assessment of the emotional exhaustion impact on women has become necessary to avoid over-stress at work. This study aims to assess and discuss the gender differences in nine-item emotional exhaustion (EE) subscale of the validated Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) among a sample of Iraqi physicians.  Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted over the first half of 2014. Data was collected from 576 doctors using a self-administered questionnaire with a multistage sampling technique. An independent sample t-test used to compare the means. Results: More than half of respondents (310, 53.8%) were females with a mean age (±SD) of 40.43 years (±8.59). Female doctors are less affected than males in term of emotional draining from work (p=0.008) and strained by people (p=0.009) respectively. Male doctors are less affected than females in being used up at the end of the week (p<0.001), stressed by working with people (p<0.001), burned out from work (p<0.001) and frustrated by job (p<0.001). However, both male and female doctors are equal in feeling fatigue in the morning (p=0.286), feeling of working too hard (0.284) and of being unable to stand (0.358). Conclusion: This study supports the results of previous studies that female doctors show more empathy when dealing with patients, however, they appeared more prone to burnout and stress.

scholarly journals Demographic profiling of poisoning in Emergency Department of Kathmandu Medical College - A cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-96
Author(s):  
Anu Kushwaha ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Ethical Clearance

Background: Poisoning is a very common medico-social problem in our part of the world. It significantly contributes to the morbidity and mortality, which is a big concern and burden to our society. Objective: To determine the demographic profiling of poisoning in Emergency Department of Kathmandu Medical College. Methododogy: This is a cross sectional study conducted for the period of six months from March 2017 to September 2017 at the Emergency Department Kathmandu medical college teaching hospital. The study includes the cases of poisoning brought to the above mentioned institute for management. The data thus collected was entered in the SPSS and analysed to find the poisoning profile. Ethical clearance was taken from Institutional Review Board of Kathmandu Medical College. Results: A total of 40 cases of poisoning came to Emergency Department over the period of six months of which 14 (35%) were males and 26 (65%) were females. The mean ages for males were 32.07 years and females were 26.23 years. Regarding time of consumption 42.5% of cases consumed poison at night. The most common poison consumed was Organophosphorus (55%) and next in kin was paracetamol (15%). However, type of Organophosphorus could not ascertained due to lack of information from the patent party. Conclusion: People in the productive age groups are more prone to poisoning with various products due to stress or other social economic factors. Social education and strict rules and regulation for the sale of the pesticides can be useful in containing this problem.

Level of anxiety and depression among undergraduate dental students of University of Hail, Saudi Arabia

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nabila Anwar ◽  
Freah Alshammary ◽  
Ammar Ahmed Siddiqui ◽  
Rana Homoud Alenzi ◽  
Bashayer Hamd Alshmmari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
High Level

BACKGROUND: Dental students have been identified as having a high level of stress. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression among undergraduate dental students of university of Hail and to determine the association of anxiety and depression in terms of gender and respective year of study. METHODS: This was an observational cross-sectional study. Nonprobability sampling technique was used to assess the prevalence and association of anxiety and depression among male and female dental students of preclinical and clinical years of College of Dentistry, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia. Students were contacted personally, explained the purpose of the study and asked to participate in the study. Students were asked to complete both Beck’s depression inventory and Beck’s anxiety inventory to assess the level of their respective status. RESULTS: The results of the survey revealed that a greater number of females suffered from ‘moderate’ level of anxiety (12.3%) as compared to males (3.2%). Additionally, the percentage for females to experience ‘borderline’ (11.6%) and ‘moderate’ (9.7%) level of depression was higher than their male counterparts –‘borderline’ (7.7%) and ‘moderate’ (2.6%). The level of anxiety and depression compared with genders was found to be statistically significant. It was noted that final year students (8.4%) experienced ‘moderate’ level of anxiety and there was a peak rise in level of depression among 4th year (6.5%) and 6th year (5.8%) students as compared with other years. CONCLUSION: The finding of the study emphasizes that the overall percentage of level of depression is comparatively higher than level of anxiety among dental students.

scholarly journals Distress Screening among Patients with Hematological Malignancies: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (228) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishal Paudel ◽  
Bishnu Dutta Paudel ◽  
Rupesh Mishra ◽  
Onika Karki ◽  
Rukmini Shahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Distress Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Distress Score

Introduction: Distress is a major concern during diagnosis and treatment of hematological malignancies. The Distress Thermometer is a commonly used screening tool to detect distress. The objectives of this study was to know the prevalence and identify distress score among patients with hematological malignancies in Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out at the Hematology Unit of Civil Service Hospital after obtaining an ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (reference number 931/076/077). A convenient sampling technique was used for this study. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0 was used. All patients within one week of diagnosis and before the start of definitive treatment of hematological malignancies were included in the study. National Comprehensive Cancer Network Psychosocial Distress Screening Tool was used to measure the seriousness of distress. Results: A total of 100 patients were enrolled in the study, among them 56 (56%) were male and 44 (44%) were female. The mean distress score in our study was found to be 5.68±1.75. Mean distress score among male and female patients were 5.84±1.65 and 5.48±1.86 respectively. Thirty three percentage (n=33) of patient had mild distress whereas, sixty six percentage (n=67) of patients experienced moderate to severe distress. Conclusions: There was a significant level of distress among the patients with hematological malignancies in Nepal. Therefore, distress screening should be done to all the patients when initial diagnosis is made.  

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