scholarly journals SECURITIZATION OF ISLAM IN THE FORMATION OF THE STATE SECURITY POLICY OF THE FORMER SOVIET REPUBLICS OF CENTRAL ASIA: HISTORICAL ASPECT

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Aulin
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
State Security ◽  
Former Soviet Republics

The Administration of Religion in the Newly Independent Republics

2018 ◽  
pp. 157-182
Author(s):  
Bayram Balci
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
The State ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Islamic Revival ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
State Security ◽  
The Government ◽  
Traditional Islam

Faced with an Islamic revival from the inside and incoming foreign Islamic trends, leaders in Central Asia and the Caucasus have developed specific policies for a better management of Islam. With a new attitude toward Islam, different from the Soviet approach to religion, the new leaders have developed their own “national” Islam, also called a traditional Islam, one that accepts the control of the State. Security and stability of the country are the first parameters determining management of Islam by the government. For that, Islamic education and the existence of appropriate committees are the main tools and instruments that help the regimes to control the transformation of Islam.

Economic and military potential of the French 5th Republic as an instrument of the state security policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (39) ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
Ilona Rytel-Baniak
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Fifth Republic ◽  
State Security ◽  
The Military

The state security policy is determined by internal and external, objective and subjective conditions. Its conduct is subordinated to the pursuit of specific goals and protection of the state's interests with the use of appropriately selected means at its disposal. The aim of the article is to answer the question whether the economic and military potential of the French Fifth Republic are the factors that determine the security policy of this state. While writing the article, the method of analyzing legal acts and the systemic method were used. The research conducted for this article shows that both the economic potential and the military factor significantly affect the directions of France's security policy. Nevertheless, the military factor, which until recently ranked first among all factors determining the choice of security policy, has now lost its importance in favor of regional cooperation in the field of security.

ISLAMIC EXTREMISM AND TERRORISM IN CENTRAL ASIA: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-117
Author(s):  
Nartsiss Shukuralieva ◽  
Artur Lipiński
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Religious Associations ◽  
In The Beginning

The paper examines the process of securitization of Islam in Central Asia within three sectors, namely, military, political and societal. It argues that securitization is not merely a speech act, it also is an associated political process that affects the adoption of laws related to traditions, freedom of conscience, religious associations, public organizations, political parties and security policy. The article presents the methods that were used to construe various notions of Islam as a threat. The prerequisites of this policy are deconstructed and analyzed, along with its consequences for the political system and the reproduction of authoritarianism in the states under scrutiny. The theory of securitization is presented in the beginning of the article. The second part examines the military sphere, where Islamic radicalism is portrayed as a threat to the security of the state, population, territorial integrity and military potential. The next part examines the political sphere, where Islamic radicalism is said to threaten the sovereignty of the state, its institutions, and the stability and sustainability of the social order. The final part of the paper focuses on the discourse and practice within the societal sector, which touches upon issues in which Islamic radicalism threatens collective identity, language, and culture.

How to Define the Czechoslovak Underground

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Barbara Bothová
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
The State ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The West ◽  
State Security ◽  
The Third ◽  
Key Events

What is an underground? Is it possible to embed this particular way of life into any definition? After all, even underground did not have the need to define itself at the beginning. The presented text represents a brief reflection of the development of underground in Czechoslovakia; attention is paid to the impulses from the West, which had a significant influence on the underground. The text focuses on the key events that influenced the underground. For example, the “Hairies (Vlasatci)” Action, which took place in 1966, and the State Security activity in Rudolfov in 1974. The event in Rudolfov was an imaginary landmark and led to the writing of a manifesto that came into history as the “Report on the Third Czech Musical Revival.”

ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЕ ТРАНСНАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКСТРЕМИСТСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Solomonova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
State Security ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Russian Federation

В данной статье рассматривается сущность противодействия экстремизму, как основополагающая роль государственной безопасности Российской Федерации, методы и действия направленные на пресечение распространения экстремистской деятельности на территории Российской Федерации, а также за ее пределами.This article examines the essence of countering extremism as a fundamental role of the state security of the Russian Federation, methods and actions aimed at suppressing the spread of extremist activities on the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as beyond its borders.

OREL SECURITY OFFICER BORIS GORDON AND THE «RED CHAPEL»

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-175
Author(s):  
A.Yu. SARAN ◽  
◽  
M.V. SOKOLOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Nazi Germany ◽  
Career Ladder ◽  
Security Officer ◽  
State Security ◽  
Successful Career ◽  
The North ◽  
South Central ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Party Work

The purpose of the article is to study the biography of B.M. Gordon as a successful security officer in the 1920-s and 1930-s. He worked his way up the career ladder from a junior investigator to the head of regional divisions – territorial bodies of the VChK/GPU/OGPU/NKVD and the legal residency of the INO GUGB of NKVD in Germany. Having started his chekist service in the Orel province, he served in the South – Central Asia, in the North – in Arkhangelsk province,in the capital of the USSR, and in the capital of Nazi Germany – Berlin. Gordon fought with the white guards and evicted the dispossessed peasants, controlled the Soviet military and gathered information about the armies of foreign countries; he managed to work at both Soviet and party work. Finally, the energetic work and successful career led Boris Moiseyevich Gordon to his death, when in 1937, J.V. Stalin decided to destroy completely all the former operational leadership of the state security agencies, replacing it with new personnel.

Policing and Political Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 002200272110130
Author(s):  
Kristine Eck ◽  
Courtenay R. Conrad ◽  
Charles Crabtree
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Conflict Studies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Conflict Processes ◽  
State Security ◽  
New Research ◽  
Conflict Research

The police are often key actors in conflict processes, yet there is little research on their role in the production of political violence. Previous research provides us with a limited understanding of the part the police play in preventing or mitigating the onset or escalation of conflict, in patterns of repression and resistance during conflict, and in the durability of peace after conflicts are resolved. By unpacking the role of state security actors and asking how the state assigns tasks among them—as well as the consequences of these decisions—we generate new research paths for scholars of conflict and policing. We review existing research in the field, highlighting recent findings, including those from the articles in this special issue. We conclude by arguing that the fields of policing and conflict research have much to gain from each other and by discussing future directions for policing research in conflict studies.

Combatting organised crime and terrorism in Central Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma van Santen
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Organised Crime ◽  
The State ◽  
State Crime ◽  
International Policy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Terrorist Groups

Purpose This paper aims to examine the shift away from the traditional distinction between organised crime and terrorist groups towards their conceptual convergence under the crime-terror nexus narrative in the context of international security and development policy in post-Soviet Central Asia. It assesses the empirical basis for the crime-terror and state-crime nexus in three Central Asian countries – Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan – and argues that the exclusion of the state from the analytical framework undermines the relevance of the crime-terror paradigm for policy-making. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on a literature review of academic research, recent case studies highlighting new empirical evidence in Central Asia and international policy publications. Findings There is a weak empirical connection between organised crime and Islamic extremists, such as the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan and Hizbut Tahrir, in Central Asia. The state-crime paradigm, including concepts of criminal capture, criminal sovereignty and criminal penetration, hold more explanatory power for international policy in Central Asia. The crime-terror paradigm has resulted in a narrow and ineffective security-oriented law enforcement approach to counter-narcotics and counter-terrorism but does not address the underlying weak state governance structures and political grievances that motivate organised crime and terrorist groups respectively. Originality/value International policy and scholarship is currently focussed on the areas of convergence between organised crime and terrorist groups. This paper highlights the continued relevance of the traditional conceptual separation of terrorist and organised crime groups based on their different motives, methods and relationship with the state, for security and democratic governance initiatives in the under-researched Central Asian region.

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