scholarly journals Peritoneal Fluid Culture and Sensitivity in Case of Perforation Peritonitis: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Ohang Chaudhari ◽  
Pranjal Shinde ◽  
Honeypalsinh H. Maharaul
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perforation Peritonitis ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity ◽  
Fluid Culture

scholarly journals The anatomical site of perforation peritonitis and their microbiological profile: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1251
Author(s):  
Lohith P. ◽  
R. K. Jindal ◽  
Deepak Ghuliani ◽  
Rajshekar P.
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Common Organism ◽  
Perforation Peritonitis ◽  
Fluid Culture

Background: Initiation of early appropriate antibiotic therapy influences the outcome of perforation peritonitis, which otherwise is delayed till culture reports are available. The knowledge of microbial profile and sensitivity of peritoneal fluid culture with respect to the anatomical site of perforation peritonitis will help in initiation of early appropriate antibiotic therapy in the post-operative period.Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted from January 2017 to December 2017 where intraoperative peritoneal fluid sample in patients of perforation peritonitis was subjected to culture (aerobic and anaerobic) and sensitivity and results analysed with respect to anatomical site of perforation.Results: 50 patients were studied. The most common site of perforation was ileum (32%) followed by appendix (18%) and stomach (18%). In aerobic culture, the culture positivity rate was highest in colonic perforation (100%) and least in gastric perforation (44.4%). The most common organism isolated in all sites of perforation peritonitis was E. coli followed by Klebsiella spp. In anaerobic culture, although facultative anaerobes were isolated, no strict anaerobe was isolated. The most sensitive antibiotics covering all isolated organisms were gentamycin (p=0.006), colistin (p=0.018), piperacillin and tazobactum (p=0.022).Conclusions: The predominant differential normal flora according to site of gastrointestinal tract was not reflected in the peritoneal fluid culture of patients with perforation peritonitis and E. coli was the most common organism isolated in all sites of perforation peritonitis. The antibiotic sensitivity profile showed the increasing resistance against third generation cephalosporins. Aminoglycosides, piperacillin and tazobactum, meropenem and colistin showed a significant antimicrobial activity against organisms isolated from cases of perforation peritonitis. 

Detection of typhoid carriers by duodenal fluid culture in a tertiary care hospital, Karachi: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 2069-2072
Author(s):  
Sonia Qureshi ◽  
Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai ◽  
Shafquat Rozi ◽  
Shahida Qureshi ◽  
Aneeta Hotwani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duodenal Fluid ◽  
Fluid Culture

Published in August 2021.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on the correlation between cytokines in a pelvic environment and tubal factor infertility

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiacong Yan ◽  
Chengbo Liu ◽  
Han Zhao ◽  
Chunyan Wang ◽  
Huimei Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tubal Factor Infertility ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Tubal Factor ◽  
Tgf Β1

Abstract Background This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-ɑ), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) in patients with primary and secondary tubal factor infertility (TFI) compared with fertile subjects, and to compare immune indexes in the serum and peritoneal fluid samples obtained from patients with TFI. Methods The pelvic fluid and peripheral blood of patients with TFI diagnosed by hysteroscopy and laparoscopy were taken as the study objects. The pelvic fluid and peripheral blood of patients who underwent hysteromyomectomy at the same time were taken as the control group. The contents of TNF-ɑ, IL-8, IL-6, and TGF-β1 in serum and peritoneal fluid were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the levels of these cytokines in serum and pelvic fluid were compared between the two groups. Results Patients with secondary TFI showed significantly higher levels of TNF-ɑ, IL-8, IL-6 and TGF-β1 in the serum (26.15 ± 3.51 vs. 19.61 ± 0.157, 32.18 ± 15.13 vs. 5.73 ± 1.99, 38.84 ± 3.46 vs. 30.48 ± 0.61, and 38.37 ± 3.14 vs. 32.25 ± 1.69, respectively) and peritoneal fluid samples (129.73 ± 183.4 vs. 34.63 ± 0.56, 111.44 ± 207.42 vs. 15.34 ± 0.41, 80.01 ± 109.91 vs. 15.67 ± 0.52, and 82.54 ± 115.99 vs. 45.34 ± 0.41, respectively) compared with the control group. Patients with primary TFI exhibited significantly elevated concentration of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6 and TGF-β1 in the peritoneal fluid samples (36.88 ± 2.67 vs. 34.63 ± 0.56, 19.47 ± 3.51 vs. 15.34 ± 0.41, 80.01 ± 109.91 vs. 15.67 ± 0.52, and 82.54 ± 115.99 vs. 45.34 ± 0.41, respectively) when compared to the controls. In patients with secondary infertility, the levels of TNF-α (26.15 ± 3.51 vs. 129.73 ± 183.4), IL-8 (32.18 ± 15.13 vs. 111.44 ± 207.42), IL-6 (38.84 ± 3.46 vs. 80.01 ± 109.91) and TGF-β1 (38.37 ± 3.14 vs. 82.54 ± 115.99) in the serum were significantly lower than those in the peritoneal fluid, whereas no significant difference was observed in the primary TFI group between the serum and peritoneal fluid cytokines levels. Conclusion The expression of cytokines in the pelvic environment of patients with TFI is upregulated compared to patients who do not have infertility issues. The detection of cytokines TNF-ɑ, IL-6, IL-8, and TGF-β1 in the pelvic fluid of tubal infertility patients can allow for further understanding of the etiology of TFI.

scholarly journals PRE-ANESTHETIC MEDICATIONS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING EXPLORATORY LAPAROTOMY: RESULTS OF A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Anant D Patil ◽  
Madhuri Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anticholinergic Agent ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medication Utilization ◽  
Perforation Peritonitis ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Male Patients

 Objective: The objective of this study was to understand the pattern of pre-anesthetic medication utilization in patients undergoing exploratory laparotomy.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we reviewed the records of patients who underwent exploratory laparotomy under general anesthesia. Descriptive data of the pre-anesthetic medications used in the patients are presented.Results: A total of 49 patients with mean age of 65.85±34.15 years were included in the study. The study population was dominated by male patients (65.85%). Two major indications for exploratory laparotomy in the study population were perforation peritonitis 19 (38.77%) and intestinal obstruction 9 (18.37%). Ondansetron was used in all patients. metoclopramide and ranitidine were used in 48 (98%) patients each. Midazolam was given to 43 (87.8%) patients. A total of 41 (83.7%) patients received anticholinergic agent glycopyrrolate or atropine. Pentazocine and fentanyl were used in 39 (79.6%) and 10 (20.4%) patients, respectively.Conclusion: Ondansetron, metoclopramide, ranitidine, midazolam, glycopyrrolate, and pentazocine were the major pre-anesthetic medications in patients undergoing exploratory laparotomy. Glycopyrrolate was the most preferred anticholinergic agent.

scholarly journals Bacterial Profile and Antimicrobial Sensitivity Patterns in Asymptomatic Bacteriuria: A Cross-sectional Study of Sickle Cell Disease Patients in the Ho Municipality, Ghana

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sylvester Franklin Duncan Adjato ◽  
Enos Oduro Amoako ◽  
Albert Abaka-Yawson ◽  
Hope Agbodzakey ◽  
Philip Apraku Tawiah
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients are vulnerable to asymptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI), and this can lead to long lasting kidney problems. Aim: This cross-sectional study assessed the bacterial profile and examined the sensitivity patterns of the isolated bacteria among the SCD patients. Methods: From January 2014 to April 2014, Seventy-one (71) patients were consecutively sampled from the sickle cell clinic of Volta Regional Hospital, Ho-Ghana. Mid-stream urine samples were collected for culture and sensitivity. Bacteria isolated were identified and tested for their antimicrobial sensitivity patterns using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Independent t-test, Pearson Chi‑square test and ANOVA were used to determine mean, standard deviations, associations and differences in groups. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study showed a bacteria profile of Escherichia coli, Staphylococus aureus and Citrobacter spp among the SCD participants. Antimicrobial sensitivity patterns depicted Escherichia coli as sensitive to nitrofurantoin and gentamicin while Citrobacter spp. was sensitive to Nitrofurantoin. Staphylococus aureus was sensitive to cotrimoxazole with all three isolates resistant to ampicillin. 8.5% of the participants had asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) and was more in females (66.7%) than in males (33.3%) and in SS genotype (83.3%) than in SC genotype (16.7%). Conclusion: The research found the prevalence of ASB among SCD patients to be most common in females and SS genotypes. Escherichia coli was the predominant isolate and this isolate was susceptible to nitrofurantoin but highly resistant to ampicillin. Urine culture and sensitivity should be included in the clinical assessments of SCD patients and education and awareness on the importance of personal hygiene, particularly in sickle cell disease patients should also be encouraged.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study on Practices of Veterinarians Towards the Use of Ceftriaxone in Dogs in Enugu State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-228
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The indiscriminate use of ceftriaxone in animals could be the source of increase in ceftriaxone-resistant bacterial infections in human. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of veterinarians towards the use of ceftriaxone in dogs in Enugu State Nigeria. A cross sectional survey was conducted using validated structured questionnaire. Eighty (98%) out of 82 veterinarians who participated in this study returned their completed questionnaire. Recurrence of bacterial infection after treatment significantly [χ2 (2)=24.36 (P<0.01)] increased with lower brand price of ceftriaxone used by veterinarians. The occurrence of side effect also showed a strong correlation (r=0.9597; P<0.01) with increased dose of ceftriaxone administered. Out of the 26 and 57 respondents who admitted to have had the knowledge that ceftriaxone is an extra- label drug used in dogs and one of the drugs of last resort, 11.5 and 19.3% applied culture and sensitivity tests before its use, respectively. This study has shown that there is a public health threat as lavish use of ceftriaxone in dogs may be responsible for the increase in ceftriaxone- resistant bacterial infections seen as recurrence of infection after treatment.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study on the bacteriologic pattern of chronic otitis media and its antibiotic sensitivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1768
Author(s):  
Ramya Shree C. ◽  
Prabakaran S. ◽  
Rajasekaran S. ◽  
Priya K. ◽  
Namasivaya Navin R. B.
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mastoid Cavity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intracranial Complications ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic otitis media is the commonest middle ear and mastoid cavity disease, which has the tendency of causing morbidity to the patients ranging from deafness to intracranial complications. Hence this study was done to identify the local bacteriological pattern and its antibiotic sensitivity for treating them with appropriate antibiotic therapy.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was done retrospectively with reports of culture and sensitivity of chronic otitis media from microbiology department. The sample was sent from the department of otorhinolaryngology in Chettinad hospital and research institute, Chennai, during the period from January 2018 to January 2020.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On assessing about 188 reports, 17 patients had no growth of organism. The commonest organism isolated was <em>Pseudomonas</em> species (33.0%) which was sensitive to imipenem (96.8%), followed by <em>Staphylococcus</em> (28.7%) which was sensitive to linezolid and teicoplanin (98.1%).<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study concludes imipenem for <em>Pseudomonas</em> species and linezolid/teicoplanin for <em>Staphylococcus</em>. The appropriate and adequate antibiotic therapy is always recommended for chronic otitis media to avoid complications.<strong></strong></p>

Does a Graduate Course in Fluency Disorders Make a Difference?

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn R. Klein ◽  
Barbara J. Amster
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Graduate Course ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fluency Disorders ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
Communicative Disorders

Abstract A study by Yaruss and Quesal (2002), based on responses from 134 of 239 ASHA accredited graduate programs, indicated that approximately 25% of graduate programs in the United States allow students to earn their degree without having coursework in fluency disorders and 66% of programs allow students to graduate without clinical experience treating people who stutter (PWS). It is not surprising that many clinicians report discomfort in treating PWS. This cross-sectional study compares differences in beliefs about the cause of stuttering between freshman undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory course in communicative disorders and graduate students enrolled and in the final weeks of a graduate course in fluency disorders.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document