Zahlungsbereitschaft für Massnahmen zur Förderung der Biodiversität im Wald

2011 ◽  
Vol 162 (11) ◽  
pp. 382-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Bade ◽  
Walter Ott ◽  
Stefan von Grünigen
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Swiss Population ◽  
Political Decision Making ◽  
Do So

Willingness to pay for forest management activities fostering biodiversity In the course of a Swiss research project, the people's valuation of forest management activities fostering biodiversity was evaluated. To do so, a willingness to pay approach was chosen and a choice experiment (a special kind of opinion survey) was carried out. The results show that people accept a slightly higher tax burden to finance forest management activities which foster biodiversity. However, not all aspects of biodiversity are valued the same: the promotion of genetic diversity within forest tree populations, which is rather important from a biological point of view, was not appreciated at all by the respondents, whereas the promotion of endangered animal and tree species and the promotion of vegetation left in its natural state were rather highly valued. The willingness to pay for the promotion of forest biodiversity amounts to about 40 to 80 Swiss francs per year and household. Projected on the total Swiss population, the willingness to pay adds up to 140 to 270 mio. Swiss francs per year. In the political decision-making process willingness to pay measures for different forest management activities can provide valuable arguments and be an indicator for the feasibility of measures and projects.

When rivers go to court: The Anthropocene in organization studies through the lens of Jacques Rancière

Organization ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktorija Kalonaityte
Keyword(s):  
Political Decision ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Jacques Ranciere ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Jacques Rancière ◽  
The Status ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Political Decision Making ◽  
Do So

The overarching purpose of this article is to add to the theorization of the Anthropocene in organization studies by investigating how long-term planetary concerns can be better accounted for in organizing. To do so, the article draws on the scholarship of Jacques Rancière to show how the dichotomy of nature and culture shapes the dominant framings of organizing, and to outline premises for artistic, scholarly and political interventions into the status quo that could aid the process of making our entanglements with the geo-biophysical politically viable. The article concludes that the Anthropocene can add to a renewal of organizational and political decision-making processes through a radical rethinking of the liberal humanist separation of nature and culture and related concepts such as democracy and political subjecthood.

scholarly journals Fear and citizen coordination against dictatorship

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Aldama ◽  
Mateo Vásquez-Cortés ◽  
Lauren Elyssa Young
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Fear Appeals ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Global Game ◽  
Autocratic Regime ◽  
Increasing Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Political Decision Making ◽  
Increase In Risk ◽  
Do So

Despite numerous studies showing that emotions influence political decision making, there is scant literature giving a formal treatment to this phenomenon. This paper formalizes insights about how fear influences participation in risky collective action such as citizen revolt against an autocratic regime. To do so we build a global game and analyze the effects that fear may have on participation through increasing pessimism about the regime’s strength, increasing pessimism about the participation of others in the revolution, and increasing risk aversion. The impact of the first two effects of fear is a clear reduction in the probability that people will mobilize. However, an increase in risk aversion may in some circumstances increase the probability with which citizens will mobilize. These results may help explain the unpredictable reactions of citizens to fear appeals, including the threat of repressive violence.

A Matter of Life or Death: A Survey Experiment on the Perceived Legitimacy of Political Decision-Making on Euthanasia

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-650
Author(s):  
Henrik Serup Christensen ◽  
Staffan Himmelroos ◽  
Maija Setälä
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Political Decision Making ◽  
Do So

AbstractMost representative democracies seem to experience dwindling levels of legitimacy in the eyes of citizens. Nevertheless, it remains unclear what people want from parliamentary decision-making. In this study, we test the impact of outcome favourability, actor involvement and justifications on the perceived legitimacy of a parliamentary decision-making process on euthanasia in Finland. We do so with the help of a survey experiment (n = 1243), where respondents were exposed to a vignette where the treatments varied randomly. The results suggest that outcome favourability is of primary importance, but the involvement of experts and citizens also boost legitimacy in the eyes of citizens. Justifications, or presenting arguments for the decisions, does not enhance legitimacy and may even cause a backfire mechanism where the difference between getting and not getting the preferred outcome is amplified.

scholarly journals ¿Somos tan diferentes? El intervencionismo militar en España, en Reino Unido y Estados Unidos

Araucaria ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 431-456
Author(s):  
Roberto Muñoz Bolaños
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Political Decision Making ◽  
Do So

The aim of this research is to carry out a comparative study of military interventionism in Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The thesis on which it is based is that armies intervene when the conditions are created for them to do so. There is no such thing as a dichotomy between interventionist and non-interventionist armies in the political decision-making process.

Prophets and Kings

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martti Nissinen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Critical Potential ◽  
Divine Will ◽  
Royal Ideology ◽  
Political Decision Making

This chapter highlights the significance of prophecy for political decision-making from the point of view of royal ideology and communication between prophets and rulers, not forgetting the critical potential of prophecy. Throughout the ancient Eastern Mediterranean, political leadership was divinely sanctioned; all important decisions had to be subjected to the divine will, and the diviners were the professionals who were believed to be able to find it out. What unites different divinatory practices is their function in guiding decision-making in society by means of revealing the divine will. Prophets, like other diviners, acted as instruments of divine encouragement and warning, and they were typically consulted in situations of war and crises.

scholarly journals Transparency in Economic and Political Decision-Making: The Identification of Sunshine Rules for Transparent Lobbying

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Šárka Laboutková ◽  
Petr Vymetal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Comprehensive View ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
Political Decision Making ◽  
Made In

Abstract Lobbying transparency seems to have been a challenging topic for nearly a decade. For the purposes of the article, the authors focus on a contextual analysis of rules and measures that offers both a broad as well as comprehensive view of the required transparency of lobbying activities and the environment in which decisions are made. In this regard, focusing on the sunshine principles/sunshine rules (not purely limited to laws) provides a grasp of the whole issue in a broader context. From a methodological point of view, the exploratory approach was chosen and the coding procedure is mostly dichotomous. As a result, seven key areas with 70 indicators have been identified in terms of transparency of lobbying and decision-making.

My questions about emotionally focused couple therapy (EFT) and a few answers

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-41
Author(s):  
Anne Power
Keyword(s):  
Object Relations ◽  
Couple Therapy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Heterosexual Couple ◽  
Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy ◽  
Emotionally Focused ◽  
Do So

This article provides a brief overview of emotionally focused couple therapy (EFT) along with some reservations about the method. The article considers questions and critiques which are often raised about the model and does so from the point of view of a practitioner new to the method, who has become convinced of the value of the approach whilst not wanting to jettison an object relations understanding. The segregation between different groups of attachment researchers and practitioners is noted. To provide variation I occasionally use the term "marital" but I do so loosely, referring to a couple bond rather than to a wedded pair. The systemic pattern between a pursuer and a withdrawer which is discussed here could refer to a same-sex or a heterosexual couple, despite the different gender alignments which operate in each case.

Geobotanical mapping of vegetation in "Stolby" Reserve

2002 ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
V. I. Vlasenko ◽  
M. G. Erunova ◽  
I. S. Scerbinina
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Mapping Unit ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
North West ◽  
Mountain Part ◽  
Mountain Taiga

The reserve “Stolby” is characteristic key plot of the mountain-taiga and subtaiga-forest steppe altitudinal belts in the East Sayan Mountains, where anthropogenic influence is the least pronounced. It was founded in 1925, in 15 km southward of Krasnoyarsk city, on north-west spurs of the Western Sayan Mountains which adjoin closely to right bank of the Yenisei River bordering upon the Middle Siberian Plateau. Reserve's physiography is characterized by low mountain and middle mountain erosion-accumulation relief with absolute heights of 200-800 m. Low mountain part (200-500 m) is composed of loose sedimentary rocks. In the middle mountain part of the reserve (500-800 m) there are outcrops of sienite rocks of various stages of destruction. Vegetation and soils of the reserve change in agreement with absolute heights and climate. In low mountains spread the subtaiga and forest-steppe leaved-light needle forests on mountain grey forest soils (8.1 % of reserve territory); the middle mountain part is occupied by the light needle and dark needle taiga forests on mountain podzol soils (91.9 % of the area). As the basement for vegetation map we took the map of forest environments of reserve by T. N. Butorina compiled according to materials of land forest management of 1977 year. As the result of forest management near 2000 biogeocoenoses were distinguished. The type of biogeocoenosis, according to V. N. Sukachev, is selected as mapping unit. Biogeocoenoses were united into 70 groups of forest types, representing 21 series of associations which are reflected in the map legend (Fig. 1). The main goal of map is to show the territorial distribution of groups and series of types of biogeocoenoses in the main structural units - altitudinal be't complexes (ВПК) which are equivalents of altitudinal vegetation belts. For designation of forest tree species various kinds of hatches were used. Formations of Siberian pine, larch, pine, fir, spruce, birch and aspen forests are shown on the map. Within the ВПК arabic numerals show the groups of types of biogeocoenoses (forest types), united into series according to similarity of dominants in ground layer. The mountain-taiga ВПК includes the following series and groups of types of biogeocoenoses: dwarf-shrub-moss (1-4); sedge-moss (5-9); bilberry-low herb-moss (10-14); tall herb-sedge (15-19); tall herb-wood sour-moss (20-26); tall herb-small reed (27-32). The subtaiga-forest steppe ВГ1К embraces: shrub steppificated (33-34); shrub-forb steppificated (35-38): sedge- bilberry (39-40); sedge-forb (41-43); bracken (44); small reed-forb (45); bilberrv-forb- sedge (46, 47); forb-tall herb (48-51); tall herb (52-55); wet tall herb-small reed (56-59); fern-tall herb (60). Intrazonal phytocoenoses: brook tall herb (61-63); brook shrub (64-68); lichen-moss (69); cowberry (70). In 1999-2000 on the base of topographic map in a scale 1 : 25 000, map of forest environments, transformed by us into vegetation map of the reserve, M. J . Erunova and I. S. Scerbinina worked out an electronic variant. For this project the instrumental facilities of GIS, GeoDraw and GeoGraph (CGI IG RAS, Moscow) and programs of Geophyt were used.

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