scholarly journals The impact of digital technology use on adolescent well-being

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
The Impact

This review provides an overview of the literature regarding digital technology use and adolescent well-being. Overall, findings imply that the general effects are on the negative end of the spectrum but very small. Effects differ depending on the type of use: whereas procrastination and passive use are related to more negative effects, social and active use are related to more positive effects. Digital technology use has stronger effects on short-term markers of hedonic well-being (eg, negative affect) than long-term measures of eudaimonic well-being (eg, life satisfaction). Although adolescents are more vulnerable, effects are comparable for both adolescents and adults. It appears that both low and excessive use are related to decreased well-being, whereas moderate use is related to increased well-being. The current research still has many limitations: High-quality studies with large-scale samples, objective measures of digital technology use, and experience sampling of well-being are missing.

scholarly journals A Large-Scale Test of the Goldilocks Hypothesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew K. Przybylski ◽  
Netta Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Quadratic Functions ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being

Although the time adolescents spend with digital technologies has sparked widespread concerns that their use might be negatively associated with mental well-being, these potential deleterious influences have not been rigorously studied. Using a preregistered plan for analyzing data collected from a representative sample of English adolescents ( n = 120,115), we obtained evidence that the links between digital-screen time and mental well-being are described by quadratic functions. Further, our results showed that these links vary as a function of when digital technologies are used (i.e., weekday vs. weekend), suggesting that a full understanding of the impact of these recreational activities will require examining their functionality among other daily pursuits. Overall, the evidence indicated that moderate use of digital technology is not intrinsically harmful and may be advantageous in a connected world. The findings inform recommendations for limiting adolescents’ technology use and provide a template for conducting rigorous investigations into the relations between digital technology and children’s and adolescents’ health.

The well-being impacts of tourism: Long-term and short-term effects of tourism development on residents’ happiness

2021 ◽  
pp. 135481662110412
Author(s):  
Maksim Godovykh ◽  
Jorge Ridderstaat ◽  
Alan Fyall
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tourism Arrivals

Well-being is considered one of the highest values in human life. Although previous studies have discussed the tourists’ well-being outcomes, the impact of tourism on residents’ happiness has received less empirical attention in tourism research. This study aims to explore the effects of tourism development on residents’ happiness in a group of countries by using panel data analysis. The results demonstrate that tourism arrivals negatively influence residents’ happiness in the short term and have positive effects on residents’ happiness in the long term. These findings contribute to describing the well-being impacts of tourism, differentiating between long- and short-term outcomes, and providing recommendations for destination management and tourism authorities.

scholarly journals Paleolithic Diet—Effect on the Health Status and Performance of Athletes?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019
Author(s):  
Barbara Frączek ◽  
Aleksandra Pięta ◽  
Adrian Burda ◽  
Paulina Mazur-Kurach ◽  
Florentyna Tyrała
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Paleolithic Diet ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this meta-analysis was to review the impact of a Paleolithic diet (PD) on selected health indicators (body composition, lipid profile, blood pressure, and carbohydrate metabolism) in the short and long term of nutrition intervention in healthy and unhealthy adults. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of 21 full-text original human studies was conducted. Both the PD and a variety of healthy diets (control diets (CDs)) caused reduction in anthropometric parameters, both in the short and long term. For many indicators, such as weight (body mass (BM)), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), impact was stronger and especially found in the short term. All diets caused a decrease in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG), albeit the impact of PD was stronger. Among long-term studies, only PD cased a decline in TC and LDL-C. Impact on blood pressure was observed mainly in the short term. PD caused a decrease in fasting plasma (fP) glucose, fP insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the short run, contrary to CD. In the long term, only PD caused a decrease in fP glucose and fP insulin. Lower positive impact of PD on performance was observed in the group without exercise. Positive effects of the PD on health and the lack of experiments among professional athletes require longer-term interventions to determine the effect of the Paleo diet on athletic performance.

scholarly journals Prediction of Net Profit Growth of Pharmacy Companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhani Ichsanuddin Nur
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Applied Model ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Auto Regressive

Background: The research purpose to analyzing impacts of funding source changes on pharmacy company profits that went public on Indonesian Stock Exchange, with analysis period of 2008 to 2013. Methods: The research applied analysis means in line with requirements of change variable measurements of funding sources in its interconnectedness with company profits; the applied model was Auto-regressive. Results: The research results indicated that changes of the last one-period short term debts had negative effects insignificantly on company profits, the last two-period short term debts had positive effects significantly on company profits, changes of the last one-period and two-period long term debts had negative effects insignificantly on company profits, equity changes of the last period had positive effects significantly on company profits, the last period profit changes had negative effects significantly on company profits. Conclusion: Last one-period short term, last one-period long term, last two-period long term debt changes, and last period profit have negative insignificant effect on company profit. Last two-period short term debt changes, last one-period equity changes, and last two-period equity changes have positive significant effect on company profit.

scholarly journals Effects of Self-Talk Training on Competitive Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, Volitional Skills, and Performance: An Intervention Study with Junior Sub-Elite Athletes

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja Walter ◽  
Lucie Nikoleizig ◽  
Dorothee Alfermann
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: Self-talk (ST) is used to influence athletes’ thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Samples of squad and competitive athletes are underrepresented, although research has proven the positive effects of ST in the context of sports. Thus, the present study focused on the impact of ST on psychological and performance outcomes of junior sub-elite athletes. (2) Methods: N = 117 athletes (55 females, 62 males; M = 16.0 years) were randomly assigned to either one of two experimental groups or to a control group (n = 30). The experimental groups received an ST intervention for either one week (n = 36) or eight weeks (n = 38), and the control group received no ST training. The dependent variables (competitive anxiety, volitional skills, self-efficacy, and coaches’ performance ratings) were assessed three times before and after the intervention. It was expected that (a) an ST intervention would reduce the competitive anxiety and increase volitional skills, self-efficacy, and performance; and, (b) long-term training would lead to higher effects than short-term training. (3) Results: As expected, ST training led to (less) somatic state anxiety and (higher) state self-confidence, self-optimization, self-efficacy, and performance. Additionally, long-term training was more effective than short-term training. (4) Conclusions: Targeted ST interventions may help to improve junior athletes’ psychological states and performance.

The Impact of Covid-19 on the Play of 3- to 10-year-old Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara DiYanni
Keyword(s):  
Screen Time ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Outdoor Play ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being

This study explored the impact of COVID-19 on the play of 3- to 10-year-old children. A survey of 67 parents of 79 children and interviews with 37 of those children revealed a few prominent trends in how the pandemic has affected play. First, children’s outdoor play increased in frequency from before the pandemic to the time spent in quarantine, and levels of outdoor play remained significantly higher in the fall months following quarantine. Similarly, the amount of unstructured, free play that children engaged in increased during quarantine, and remained significantly more common after quarantine than it was before the pandemic. Finally, screen time levels skyrocketed during quarantine, and remained higher in the fall months than they were pre-pandemic. These findings have implications for both parents and teachers in terms of assessing the impact of COVID-19 – both short-term and long-term – on the health and well-being of their children.

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Play of 3- to 10-year-old Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara DiYanni
Keyword(s):  
Screen Time ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Outdoor Play ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being

This study explored the impact of COVID-19 on the play of 3- to 10-year-old children. A survey of 67 parents of 79 children and interviews with 37 of those children revealed a few prominent trends in how the pandemic has affected play. First, children’s outdoor play increased in frequency from before the pandemic to the time spent in quarantine, and levels of outdoor play remained significantly higher in the fall months following quarantine. Similarly, the amount of unstructured, free play that children engaged in increased during quarantine, and remained significantly more common after quarantine than it was before the pandemic. Finally, screen time levels skyrocketed during quarantine, and remained higher in the fall months than they were pre-pandemic. These findings have implications for both parents and teachers in terms of assessing the impact of COVID-19 – both short-term and long-term – on the health and well-being of their children.

scholarly journals Pleasure junkies all around! Why it matters and why ‘the arts’ might be the answer: a biopsychological perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1854) ◽  
pp. 20162837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia F. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Choice Behaviour ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

Today's society is pleasure seeking. We expect to obtain pleasurable experiences fast and easily. We are used to hyper-palatable foods and drinks, and we can get pornography, games and gadgets whenever we want them. The problem: with this type of pleasure-maximizing choice behaviour we may be turning ourselves into mindless pleasure junkies, handing over our free will for the next dopamine shoot. Pleasure-only activities are fun. In excess, however, such activities might have negative effects on our biopsychological health: they provoke a change in the neural mechanisms underlying choice behaviour. Choice behaviour becomes biased towards short-term pleasure-maximizing goals, just as in the addicted brain (modulated by the amygdala, posterior ventromedial prefrontal cortex' (VMPFC), striatum, nucleus accumbens; ‘A-system’) and away from long-term prosperity and general well-being maximizing objectives (normally ensured by the insula, anterior VMPFC, hippocampus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC); ‘I-system‘). This paper outlines, first, what ‘pleasure’ is and what ‘pleasure-only’ activities are (e.g. social media engagement, hyper-palatable eating). Second, an account is given of the type of action that might aid to maintain the neural systems underlying choice behaviour balanced. Finally, it is proposed that engagement with the arts might be an activity with the potential to foster healthy choice behaviour—and not be just for pleasure. The evidence in this rather new field of research is still piecemeal and inconclusive. This review aims to motivate targeted research in this domain.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Subjective Well-Being: Perceived Impact, Positive Psychological Resources and Protective Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-275
Author(s):  
Tatiana Bokhan ◽  
Eduard Galazhinsky ◽  
Dmitry Leontiev ◽  
Elena Rasskazova ◽  
Olga Terekhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Protective Behavior ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Tolerance For Ambiguity ◽  
The Impact

While negative psychological effects of COVID-19 pandemic are actively studied, little is known about the eventual positive reactions to the pandemic including the capacity to see positive opportunities in this situation and about personality resources that may help to cope and to maintain well-being despite lifestyle restrictions. The aim of our study was to reveal positive personality resources that contribute to buffering the negative effects and its consequences on individual lives. 474 adults 18-81 years old from Siberia (Russia) participated in May 2020 in a survey about the impact of the pandemic and self-isolation and also filled out psychometric measures of well-being and psychological resources (PANAS, PWI, Value of Life Scale, MHC, MSTAT-I, LOT, GSE, Hardiness Survey, SOC, Personal Life Position inventory). One in three respondents reported worsening emotional condition through the previous two weeks and poor adherence to governmental self-isolation recommendations, and 43.6% reported increased financial difficulties. Taking into account not only the negative but also positive subjective effect of the pandemic enabled the improved accuracy in prediction of both well-being and adherence to the governmental measures. The less a person mentioned the positive side of the pandemic, the more strongly their adherence to the governmental measures depended on perceived negative effects (worries and threats). Tolerance for ambiguity, the challenge component of hardiness, harmony with life predicted perceived positive effects after adjusting for negative effects. Psychological resources could play a buffering role as regards the vulnerability to negative psychological effects of the pandemic and help to find positive opportunities.

scholarly journals Long-term Outcomes in Adolescents and Adults with a Cleft Lip and/or palate: Esthetics, Employment and Functioning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra Alighieri ◽  
Evelien D'haeseleer ◽  
Kim Bettens ◽  
Katrien Bonte ◽  
Hubert Vermeersch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background. To date, there seems to be no consensus on the long-term quality of life outcomes in patients living with a cleft of the lip and/or palate (CL/P) with regard to well-being and functioning. Some studies report a substantial influence of having a cleft while other studies report no influence of living with a cleft. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of living with a CL/P on esthetics, employment and functioning in Dutch-speaking adolescents and adults with a CL/P. Methods. 30 Patients with a CL/P (19 men and 11 women) were included in the study. The mean age of the participants was 26.93 years (SD = 11.688 years, range = 15 – 66 years). An age and gender matched control group was included consisting of 30 participants (19 men and 11 women) without a CL/P with a mean age of 26.87 years (SD = 11.729 years, range = 16-67 years). Esthetics, employment and functioning were assessed using different standardized self-report questionnaires. Results. No statistically significant difference in educational level, employment, monthly net income, marital status and having children was found between participants with and without a CL/P. In addition, the quality of life scores did not differ between the two groups. Within the group of individuals with a CL/P, the findings revealed that the proportion of participants who reported an influence of the CL/P on daily functioning, general well-being, social contacts, family life, applying for a job, work, education and leisure time differed by age. Older individuals experienced more influence of their CL/P compared to younger individuals. With regard to esthetics, the findings revealed that participants without a CL/P were less satisfied with the appearance of their jaws compared to participants with a CL/P. Conclusion. In general, the findings of our study revealed no significant differences between adolescents and adults with and without a CL/P with regard to employment and functioning. Considering age within the group of participants with a CL/P, however, the results demonstrated that older individuals were more likely to experience a negative impact of their cleft on well-being and functioning. These findings suggest that older individuals with a CL/P might benefit from additional socio-emotional support, for example peer contacts and support groups or psychological guidance. Longitudinal research on this topic is highly needed to determine possible fluctuations in the impact of living with a CL/P.

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