scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK PAPAN PARTIKEL DARI BULU DOMBA, SERBUK GERGAJI DAN SERUTAN KAYU DENGAN PEREKAT UREA FORMALDEHIDA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
M. I. Iskandar ◽  
Achmad Supriadi
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Surface Strength ◽  
Wood Shavings

Particle Board Characteristics of Fur Sheep, Sawdust and Wood Shavings with Urea Formaldehyde Adhesive         Particle board is a board made of particles of wood or other berlignoselulosa bonded with adhesive, then felted heat. Particle board excess, which uses industrial waste materials, uniform size and density, uniform thick and density, the character and quality can be set. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of particle board from sheep's wool, sawdust and wood shavings. The experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors and repeated three times. The first factor combination of pollen fleece (B), with sawdust sengon (G) and wood shavings sengon (S), namely B0G60S40 : (0% : 60% : 40%), B10G50S40 : (10% : 50% : 40%), B20G40S40 : (20% : 40% : 40%), B30G30S40 : (30% : 30% : 40% and the second factor consists of the physical properties (density, moisture content, thickness swelling and water absorption) and character of mechanical factor (flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, perpendicular and surface strength and straight screw holding). The results of the research were to produce a density value was between 0.69 to 0.78 g/cm3, water content with an average of 6.49%, a value between 32.36 to 83.9% thickness swelling, water absorption between 89,04- 169.15%, the flexural strength values between 68.4 to 121.8 kgf/cm2, elastic modulus was between 671.84 to 1381.51 kgf/cm2, the value of tensile strength perpendicular of the surface was between 0.44 to 1.3 kgf/cm2and screw holding strength value was between 6.0 to 22.3 kg. the higher use of powder fleece might degrade the quality of particle board, otherwise use the higher adhesive could improve the quality of particle board. The study of particle board and fleece, saws and wood shavings was on average below of the national Indonesia standard, except for the density and moisture content, for flexural strength was only partially standard value.Key words: fleece, characteristics, particle board, sawdust, wood shavings. ABSTRAK          Papan partikel merupakan suatu papan yang terbuat dari partikel-partikel kayu atau bahan berlignoselulosa lainnya yang diikat dengan perekat, kemudian dikempa panas. Kelebihan papan partikel, yaitu menggunakan bahan limbah industri, ukuran dan kerapatan seragam, tebal dan kerapatan seragam, sifat dan kualitasnya dapat diatur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik papan partikel dari bulu domba, serbuk gergaji dan serutan kayu. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial dengan dua faktor dan ulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Faktor pertama kombinasi serbuk bulu domba (B), dengan serbuk gergaji kayu sengon (G) dan serutan kayu sengon (S), yaitu B0G60S40 : (0% : 60% : 40%), B10G50S40 : (10% : 50% : 40%), B20G40S40 : (20% : 40% : 40%), B30G30S40 : (30% : 30% : 40%) dan faktor kedua terdiri dari sifat fisis (kerapatan, kadar air, pengembangan tebal dan daya serap air) dan sifat mekanis (kuat lentur, modulus elastisitas, kuat tarik tegal lurus permukaan dan kuat pegang sekrup). Hasil penelitian menghasilkan nilai kerapatan antara 0,69-0,78 g/cm3, nilai kadar air dengan rata-rata 6,49%, nilai pengembangan tebal antara 32,36-83,9%, daya serap air antara 89,04-169,15%, nilai kuat lentur antara 68,4-121,8 kgf/cm2, nilai modulus elastisitas antara 671,84-1381,51 kgf/cm2, nilai kuat tarik tegak lurus permukaan antara 0,44-1,3 kgf/cm2 dan nilai kuat pegang sekrup antara 6,0-22,3 kg. penggunakan serbuk bulu domba yang semakin tinggi dapat menurunkan kualitas papan partikel, sebaliknya penggunaan perekat yang semakin tinggi dapat meningkatkan kualitas papan partikel. Penelitian papan partikel dan bulu domba, gergaji dan serutan kayu rata-rata di bawah standar nasional Indonesia, kecuali untuk kerapatan dan kadar air, untuk kuat lentur hanya sebagian yang masuk standar.Kata kunci : bulu domba, karakteristik, papan partikel, serbuk gergaji, serutan kayu.

scholarly journals SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIK PAPAN PARTIKEL BERDASARKAN KOMPOSISI LIMBAH KULIT BUAH PINANG DAN LIMBAH KAYU GERGAJIAN DENGAN VARIASI KADAR PEREKAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Asmawati Wurya Sari ◽  
M Dirhamsyah ◽  
Yuliati Indrayani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Betel Nut ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
Composition Ratio

This research aimed to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard based on the composition of raw materials and adhesive content as well as their interaction with the optimum quality of particle boards that meet JIS A 5908-2003 standards. The particleboard was made with a size of 30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm with a target density of 0.7 g/cm³.  The pressing was done at a temperature of 140°C for 8 minutes with a pressure of 25 kg/cm². The composition ratio of betel nut peel waste and sawdust varied, namely 60% betel nut peel waste: 40% sawdust, 50% betel nut peel waste: 50% sawdust, and 40% betel nut peel waste: sawdust 60%. The adhesive used was Urea Formaldehyde with a concentration of 12%, 14%, and 16%. The results showed that all test values met the JIS A 5908: 2003 standard except the MOE test. The optimum value of particle board of betel nut peel and sawdust was with a composition ratio of 50% betel nut peel waste: 50% sawdust, 16% adhesive content, with a density value of 0.6876 g/cm³, a moisture content of 9,4530%, water absorption 34,5306%, thickness expansion 8,2508%, MOE 12432,6243 kg/cm², MOR 205,8462 kg/cm², adhesive firmness 2,2530 kg/cm², screw holding strength 81,6861 kg/cm².Keywords: adhesive content, betel nut peel waste, material composition, mechanical properties, particleboard, physical.Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sifat fisik dan mekanik papan partikel berdasarkan komposisi bahan baku dan kadar perekat serta interaksi keduanya terhadap kualitas papan partikel yang optimum serta memenuhi standar JIS A 5908-2003. Papan partikel dibuat dengan ukuran 30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm dengan target kerapatan 0,7 g/cm³. Pengepresan  pada suhu 140°C selama 8 menit dengan tekanan 25 kg/cm². Perbandingan komposisi kulit buah pinang dan serbuk kayu gergaji bervariasi yaitu kulit buah pinang 60% : serbuk kayu gergaji 40%, kulit buah pinang 50% : serbuk kayu gergaji 50% dan kulit buah pinang 40% : serbuk kayu gergaji 60%. Perekat yang digunakan adalah Urea Formaldehida dengan konsentrasi 12%, 14% dan 16%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua nilai uji memenuhi standar JIS A 5908 : 2003 kecuali uji MOE. Nilai papan partikel kulit buah pinang dan serbuk kayu gergaji optimum dengan perbandingan komposisi kulit buah pinang 50% : serbuk kayu gergaji 50%, kadar perekat 16%, dengan nilai densitas 0,6876 g/cm³, kadar air 9,4530%, daya serap air 34,5306%, pengembangan tebal 8,2508%, MOE 12432,6243 kg/cm², MOR 205,8462 kg/cm², Keteguhan rekat 2,2530 kg/cm², kekuatan menahan sekrup 81,6861 kg/cm².Kata kunci : papan partikel, kadar perekat, kulit buah pinang, komposisi bahan, sifat fisik dan mekanik.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK PAPAN PARTIKEL KULIT BUAH KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) PADA VARIASI KONSENTRASI PEREKAT POLYVINYL ACETATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
I Gusti Made Teddy Pradana ◽  
Bambang Admadi Harsojuwono ◽  
Amna Hartiati
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Polyvinyl Acetate ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Cocoa Pod Husk ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Test Result

The aims of this study were to know the characteristic of particle board cocoa-pod husk on variation of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive concentration, and to have the best concentration polyvinyl acetate adhesive in particle board from cocoa-pod husk. The experiments in this study used a single factor with regression analysis. The factors are the concentration of polyvinyl acetate adhesive, that is 35%, 37.5%, 40%, 42.5%, 45% dan 47.5%. The fisis test results showed that concentration of polyvinyl acetate adhesive had upward trend on density and downward trend on moisture content, water absorption, and thickness swelling. The mechanical test result showed that concentration of polyvinyl acetate adhesive on concentration 47.5% had the best treatment. The best treatmest of particle board from cocoa-pod husk is made by used 47.5% polyvinyl acetate adhesive with density 0.48 g/cm3, moisture content 8,64%, water absorption 155.85%, thickness swelling 13.34% in fisis test and with MOE 44.07 kg/cm2, MOR 1.38 kg/cm2 and compressive strength parallel 2.36 kg/cm2 in mechanical test. Key words: particle board, cocoa-pod husk, polyvinyl acetate

scholarly journals Utilization of Pitali (Trewia nudiflora) for Manufacturing Commercial Plywood in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-587
Author(s):  
M Hasan Shahria ◽  
M Ashaduzzaman ◽  
M Iftekhar Shams ◽  
Arifa Sharmin ◽  
M Muktarul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Linear Expansion ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Trewia Nudiflora

The study was conducted to find out the potentiality of Pitali (Trewia nudiflora) for manufacturing commercial plywood and evaluating its physical and mechanical properties. Two 9-ply plywood of 2.4m x 1.2m x 18mm size were manufactured using liquid urea formaldehyde adhesive. The physical and mechanical properties of T. nudiflora plywood were compared with the existing market available plywood manufactured by Simul (Bombax ceiba). It was found that density were 509.82 kg/m3 and 490.96 kg/m3, moisture content after curing were 10.67% and 17.61%, thickness swelling were 6.90% and 7.29%, linear expansion were 0.19% and 0.15%, water absorption were 50.89% and 64.79%, MOR were 29.94 N/mm2 and 27.05 N/mm2, MOE were 1613.89 N/mm2 and 1160.68 N/mm2, and tensile strength were 14.75 N/mm2 and 13.12 N/mm2 for T. nudiflora plywood and market plywood respectively. The evaluated physical and mechanical properties of T. nudiflora plywood were also compared with some relevant results and standards reported earlier. Key Words: Plywood, Trewia nudiflora, Physical properties, Mechanical properties. doi: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i4.2249 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(4),581-587, 2008

Physical Quality of Turmeric Powder (Curcuma longga Linn) Result of Foam-mat Drying Method Using Microwave

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Dhinar Patliani ◽  
Dian Purbasari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Two Factors

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L) in Indonesia is widely known as a herbal medicinal plant, food coloring, and food flavoring. The high water content of turmeric will shorten the storage time and the quality of the ingredients. The need for drying which is the process of removing the moisture content of the material with the aim of prolonging the shelf life. The use of the foam-mat drying method with the addition of adhesives aims to speed up the drying process and maintain the quality of a material. The result of drying turmeric obtained is turmeric powder product. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely the variation of the microwave oven power and the composition of the developer agent (ovalet). The research procedure was divided into two stages, namely the manufacture of powder and continued with the measurement of physical quality. The stages of making powder begin with the preparation of raw materials, stripping, size reduction, addition of developer, drying, then grinding. The second stage is measuring physical quality, namely fineness modulus, average grain size, powder moisture content, color, water absorption, oil absorption, and bulk density. The power variations used are 420 watts, 535 watts, and 680 watts, while the composition of the developer is 1%, 2%, and 4%. Data analysis using two-way ANOVA statistical test with two factors that affect the variation of power and composition of the developer (ovalet). FM values ​​ranged from 0.364 – 1.576, D values ​​ranged from 0.005 – 0.0012 mm, final moisture content values ​​ranged from 7.60 – 9.59%, powder moisture content values ​​ranged from 9.47 – 11.43%ww , L values ​​ranged from 61.46 – 65.96, a values ​​ranged from 13.54 – 16.05, b values ​​ranged from 48.21 – 52.42, DSA values ​​ranged from 2.78 – 3.54 ml/ g, DSM values ​​ranged from 1.22 – 1.60 ml/g, and DC values ​​ranged from 0.38 – 0.44 g/cm3. The combination treatment of drying power with developer is influenced by the drying power of the parameters, namely the value of moisture content, fineness modulus, average grain size, brightness level, redness level, yellowness level, oil absorption, water absorption, and bulk density. While the developer affects the finenes modulus, average grain size, yellowness level, and bulk density.

scholarly journals KUALITAS PAPAN PARTIKEL BERDASARKAN KOMPOSISI SEKAM PADI DAN KAYU SENGON DENGAN VARIASI KADAR PEREKAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dendi Prayoga ◽  
. Dirhamsyah ◽  
. Nurhaida
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Wood Processing

This research aimed to examine the physical and mechanical properties of particle boards based on the composition of raw materials and adhesive content and know the treatment of the composition of raw materials and the best adhesive content and meet the standard JIS A 5908-2003. The research was conducted at Wood Workshop Laboratory, Wood Processing Laboratory Faculty of Forestry,Tanjungpura University and Laboratory of PT. Duta Pertiwi Nusantara Pontianak. The adhesive used is Urea Formaldehyde with 52% Solid Content. Comparison of the composition of rice husks and sengon varies namely rice husk 50%: sengon 50%, rice husk 60%: sengon 40% and rice husk 70%: sengon 30%  and variations in the levels of UF adhesives, namely 14% and 16%, with target density 0,7 gr/cm3. The particleboard was 30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm Pressing at temperature 140oC for 8 minutes, with  pressure of 25 kg/cm2. The research results of the study of density and moisture content meet the standards JIS A 5908-2003. The best particle values of rice husk and sengon  with composition a ratio of  rice husk 50%: sengon 50% , 16% adhesive content  16%, with density value of  0,7072 gr/cm3, moisture content 9,1949 %, thick development 12,3210 %, water absorption 68,8270 %, MOE 12110,7273 kg/cm2, MOR 161,0025 kg/cm2, firmness sticky 1,9320 kg/cm2, screw holding strength 62,3124 kg.Keywords : adhesive, composition, particle board, rice husk, sengon

Thickness Swelling and Water Absorption Character of Laminate Floor

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Hai Xia Yu ◽  
Chong Rong Fang ◽  
Man Ping Xu ◽  
Rong Qiang Tang
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Test Specimen ◽  
Internal Bond ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Floor Coverings

Laminate floor coverings, with fiberboard in the middle layer, are hygroscopic which caused potential dimension instability. The paper tested thickness swelling (TS) and water absorption (WA) of 10 commercial laminate floors (LF) according to G/T 18102-2007 (GB/T) and LY/T 1611-2011(LY/T) and analyzed correlation between them. The results show that TS obtained by the GB/T method differed significantly from LY/T methods at the initial 14 days. 7d-TS and 7d-WA values of test specimen measuring 50 by 50mm both correlated well with internal bond (IB). For both kinds of test methods, the moisture content almost reached saturation at 28 days.

Natural durability of organomodified layered silicate filled wood flour reinforced polypropylene nanocomposites

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Kord
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Layered Silicate ◽  
Natural Durability ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe effect of organomodified montmorillonite (OMMT) loading on the natural durability properties of polypropylene/wood flour composites exposed to brown-rot fungi (Coniophora puteana) was studied. To meet this objective, the blend composites were prepared through the melt mixing of polypropylene/wood flour at 50% weight ratios, with various amounts of OMMT (0, 3 and 6 per hundred compounds [phc]) in a hake internal mixer. The samples were then made by injection molding. The amount of coupling agent was fixed at 2 phc for all formulations. After specimen and culture medium preparation, the specimens were exposed to the purified fungus at 25°C and 75% relative humidity for 14 weeks. Identical specimens of the same composite, without being exposed to the fungus, were provided as the control specimens. After the discussed periods; weight loss, flexural strength, flexural modulus, hardness, water absorption, and thickness swelling of specimens were measured. Results indicated that OMMT had significant effects on the natural durability of the studied composite formulations. All mechanical properties were affected by the fungus, to a greater extent in the case of specimens without OMMT than the specimens with OMMT. Furthermore, the flexural strength and modulus increased with an increase of OMMT up to 3 phc and then decreased. However, the impact strength, water absorption and thickness swelling was decreased with increase of OMMT loading. Also, the lowest weight loss and the highest hardness were observed in the composite containing 6 phc organoclay. The morphology of the nanocomposites was examined by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Morphological findings revealed that intercalation came from the sample with 3 phc concentration of OMMT, which implies the formation of intercalation morphology and better dispersion than 6 phc.

Experimental Study on the Property of Regenerating Concrete in Different Graduation

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 921-924
Author(s):  
Xun Zhong Zhang ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Bin Jia
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Packing Density ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
New Method ◽  
Strength Grade ◽  
Variation Characteristics

Through experiments based on three different graduations of regenerating concrete,the paper analyzes the parameters variation characteristics, such as performance of the density, water absorption, moisture content, packing density and crushed indicators.The research shows that Pressure loss of the quality of the regenerating concrete is proportional with loading force. What’s more, it can also reflect the own strength grade of aggregate in a more direct way and should be a new method to assess aggregate strength. Simultaneously, it gives us a relatively superior graduation and provides reference value for guiding actual project.

Thermomechanical (TMP) and Chemo-Thermomechanical Pulps (CTMP) for Medium Density Fibreboards (MDF)

Holzforschung ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmone Roffael ◽  
Brigitte Dix ◽  
Thomas Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Internal Bond ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Pilot Plant Scale ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Internal Bonding Strength

Summary Thermomechanical (TMP) and chemo-thermomechanical pulps (CTMP) were prepared from spruce under different pulping conditions. The fibres were dried at 70 °C and medium density fibreboards (MDF) were made therefrom in pilot plant scale using urea-formaldehyde resins as a binder. The results of testing the physical-mechanical properties reveal that the pulping temperature has a significant influence on the thickness swelling and water absorption of the boards. MDF prepared from fibres produced at high pulping temperature (180 °C) generally show lower thickness swelling and water absorption than MDF made from fibres produced at low pulping temperature (140°C and 160 °C). However, high pulping temperature may have a negative effect on the internal bond strength of the boards. In general, CTMP leads to MDF with higher internal bonding strength compared to those derived from TMP. In addition, the influence of different drying conditions (150 °C and 170 °C) of TMP and CTMP on the physical-mechanical properties of MDF was assessed. MDF made from CTMP showed lower thickness swelling when dried under high temperature.

NaOH Treatment Impact in the Dimensional Stability of Banana Pseudostem Particleboard Panels

2014 ◽  
Vol 600 ◽  
pp. 447-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara Maria Ribeiro Guimarães ◽  
Lina Bufalino ◽  
José Benedito Guimarães Jr. ◽  
Rafael Farinassi Mendes ◽  
Lourival Marin Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Pressing Cycle ◽  
Naoh Treatment

This work intends to verify the technical feasibility of NaOH treatment in particleboard manufacture made from banana pseudostem fibers. The particles were treated for a 24 hour period and subsequently washed with water to remove the product. The concentration used was NaOH at 0.5%. The adhesive used was urea - formaldehyde at 12%, the pressing cycle was 4 MPa, at 160 °C for 8 minutes. The water absorption after 2 hours immersion was 148.79% and 189.83% after 24 hours. Thickness swelling value after 2 hours was 54.96% and 74.05% after 24 hours. The results were above the literature values and the minimum values required by the CS 236-66 standard for swelling after 24 hours immersion.

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