scholarly journals Mass Higher Education in Russia: Features of Dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
V. F. Pugach
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Mass Higher Education ◽  
The Public ◽  
Massification Of Higher Education ◽  
Unmet Demand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Soviet Russia

The article considers the massification of higher education in post-Soviet Russia and shows its special aspects against the background of the studentship history in our country from 1917 to 2017. The main cause of the boom in the sphere of higher education at the turn of the century is the social and economic transformation of the society. The emergence of private universities and fee-based education in the public sector of higher education provided opportunities for broad segments of society. The unmet demand for higher education has resulted in an upsurge in the interest to higher education among the society. The similar boom and wave-like dynamics may be traced regarding postgraduate training due to long lasting deficit. The paper presents the results of comparing student body dynamics in universities, postgraduate and doctoral schools and shows the boom synchronicity at the levels of universities and postgraduate schools.

scholarly journals The Educational Social Practices and their metaphors. Approaches to a reconstruction of meanings from critical perspectives

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-130
Author(s):  
Néstor Horacio Cecchi ◽  
◽  
Fabricio Oyarbide ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Public University ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Social Commitment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Meanings

For those of us who have been going through the public university for decades, a clear tendency in most of our institutions to rethink their senses, their missions, their functions, in sum: their must be. In these times and these contexts in which deep inequalities are made visible with absolute clarity, these tendencies to construct new meanings acquire a particular relevance. We understand that public universities in the exercise of their autonomy and as members of the State, must assume a leading role with a contribution that contributes to guaranteeing rights, in particular, of the subalternized sectors. This critical positioning is inescapable to consolidate the social commitment of our higher education institutios. This compelling transformative intention has a valuable background. In this sense, we warn that both in Argentina and in some of the countries of the Region, tendencies to consolidate, systematize, institutionalize processes of emancipatory articulation in their relations with the territory, organizations and social movements have been reproduced for some years, many of them, through curricularization processes in its different meanings. These experiences, dissimilar by the way, find the need to settle, to institutionalize themselves through various conformations that in some cases converge in Educational Social Practices or similar names, with different, unique formats, but with different meanings as well. That is why we propose to display, analyze, make visible some of the salient characteristics of these processes, the regulations, their singularities, similarities, the multiplicity of their feelings, in sum, their metaphors.

Refiguring the Language of Race

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Garloff
Keyword(s):  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Love Stories ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
Final Verdict ◽  
German Jewish ◽  
The One

This chapter jumps to the turn of the century, when the rise of racial antisemitism fostered a new Jewish self-awareness and rendered “interracial” love and marriage central to the public debates about German Jewish identity. It analyzes three German Jewish writers of different and paradigmatic political orientations, who used love stories to diagnose the reasons for the faltering of emancipation: the assimilationist Ludwig Jacobowski, the Zionist Max Nordau, and the mainstream liberal Georg Hermann. Their works, including Jacobowski's Werther the Jew (1892), Nordau's Doctor Kohn (1899), and Hermann's Jettchen Gebert (1906), show how love stories potentially escape the ideological constraints of increasingly racialized models of identity. On the one hand, the love plot affords an opportunity to expose the obstacles encountered by Jews seeking integration in times of rising antisemitism. On the other hand, the open endings of most love stories and the ambiguous use of racial language allow the authors to eschew a final verdict on the success or failure of integration. The chapter argues that the love plot generates a host of equivocations between the social and the biological, and the particular and the universal, creating a metaphorical surplus that opens up venues to rethink the project of Jewish emancipation and assimilation.

Injuries of Class: Mass Education and the American Campus Novel

PMLA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Findeisen
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Mass Education ◽  
Mass Higher Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
American Campus ◽  
American Society ◽  
The University

Although many believe that “mass higher education” increased opportunity and egalitarianism in postwar American society, the reality has been quite different. While a greater proportion of students are enrolled in higher-educational institutions now than at any other point in history, economic inequality is at an all-time high. Postwar American campus novels largely misunderstand this historical development. While the genre represents the university as an institution that combats social inequality by expanding enrollment, these novels simultaneously obscure the social inequality that the university cannot combat and instead helps to legitimate. The symbolic work of American campus novels has thus been to imagine a system that stages social conflicts between the deserving and the elite when in fact the postwar meritocracy has made the two categories functionally indistinguishable.

scholarly journals Algumas dimensões culturais da trajetória de estudantes pobres no ensino superior público: o caso da UFMG

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (216) ◽  
Author(s):  
Écio Portes
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sociology Of Education ◽  
The Public ◽  
Poor Students ◽  
The Social ◽  
Education School ◽  
University Life ◽  
Institutional Strategies ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The University

Estuda as trajetórias de estudantes pobres em cursos altamente seletivos da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, como Ciência da Computação, Comunicação Social, Direito, Engenharia Elétrica, Fisioterapia e Medicina. Explica o conjunto de circunstâncias que propiciaram esse sucesso escolar. Realiza esse intento investigando a história de estudantes pobres no ensino superior no século 20, nas Faculdades de Direito de Olinda/Recife e de São Paulo e a história do atendimento a estudantes pobres empreendido pela UFMG desde o momento de sua criação. Utiliza os trabalhos que lidam com trajetórias escolares, principalmente de sociólogos franceses, como Bourdieu, De Queiroz, Lahire, Laurens e Terrail, entre outros. Os resultados confirmam a existência de estudantes pobres no ensino superior desde a implantação deste, mesmo que pouco representativa; e, como conclusão, é afirmado que a inclusão e a permanência de estudantes pobres no ensino superior brasileiro são uma tarefa de difícil execução, que se deu sem a presença de ações desenvolvidas pelo Estado. No passado, esses estudantes desenvolveram estratégias próprias que se associariam, já no século 20, a estratégias filantrópicas e institucionais empreendidas no seio da própria instituição universitária, a exemplo do que vem fazendo a UFMG ao longo do tempo. Essas ações sustentaram um grupo de estudantes pobres no interior da universidade pública, mas não puseram fim às discriminações sofridas nem minimizaram os constrangimentos econômicos perpetuados historicamente e pelos quais outros vêm passando no cotidiano universitário. Palavras-chave: sociologia da educação; trajetórias escolares; estudantes pobres; ensino superior. Abstract This work gives priority to the historic and theoretical search necessary to the understanding of the object of study, the social and school trajectories of poor students, in the past and in the present. The new data and the proposed analyses lead us to believe that the fact of poor students being included in the Brazilian higher education and remaining at the University is not an easy task and took place without any government policies. In former times, these students developed their own strategies, which became associated, in the twentieth century, to institutional strategies, organised inside the University itself, following the example of what UFMG has been doing all this time. These actions supported a group of poor students in the public University but did not hinder prejudice nor diminished economical embarrassments, which they historically have been going through in their university routine. Keywords: sociology of education; school trajectories; university life; poor students; higher education.

scholarly journals Higher Education and Graduate Employment in Albania

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Armanda Keqi
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

In the social and economic transition, the Higher Education in Albania has tremendously ocercomed its capacities and the opportunities offered. Albania is considered the champion country in Europe for the high number of universities. Besides the public universities, in the country also operate dozens of private universities. in Albania there are about 20 universities per million inhabitants, (161500 students for a population of 2,8 million people), nearly eight times more than countries like UK that have internationalized higher education and have a very large percentage of foreign students. This paper takes into account the development of higher education and the responsible institutions of this development during the transition in Albania, the current structure of universities, the financial problems and the reform of higher education. It also examines issues such as: the measurement of quality, the ranking and the competition between public universities and private institutions. Then the focus of the paper runs on the employment of the young graduates who have finished albanian universities in the last five years. Firstly, relying on foreign literature, I have analyzed some of the main models of employment of graduates, their skills in the labor market, and also the changes that have occurred in the careers of the graduates in the last century. for the extraction of data are used questionnaires distributed electronically to over 230 employees that have brought significant conclusions about the employment of graduates in Albania, as well as the impact of such factors as: GPA, the training, the number of foreign languages spoken and other qualifications and skills that affect the level of salary and their position at work. Also starting from the above models, the scope is to identify the key elements that affect the careers of albanian graduates, and the key factors that have driven their employment. In the end of the paper are given some conclusions and recommendations on how higher education in Albania should be reformed, given by the sample responses of the interviewers, but also by a concrete analysis of the problems that are facing this sector in Albania, and how this reformation of higher education can increase its fruits on more qualified and employed youths in their respective fields. The methodology used is mainly from primary sources, ranging from the data collected by the respondents, as well as from secondary sources of data published for this area of study. The main limitation of such a work is the limited number of samples under the survey, the data of whom has been generalized for all the population of the paper.

scholarly journals A Média de Utilização das Estratégias pelos Programas de Stricto Sensu das Instituições do Brasil da Área de Administração Pública e de Empresas Ciências Contábeis e Turismo frente aos Cenários Prospectados para o Período de 2019 a 2030

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-555
Author(s):  
Henrique César Melo Ribeiro ◽  
Sergio Henrique Arruda Cavalcante Forte
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
New Professionals ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Future Scenario ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pessimistic Scenario ◽  
Theses And Dissertations

Purpose of the study: List the mean in the scale of utilization of the strategies of the Stricto Sensu Programs of the Higher Education Institutions of Brazil in the Public Administration and Business, Accounting and Tourism area in the scenarios surveyed for the period from 2019 to 2030. Methodology / approach: The scenario methodology suggested by Blanning and Reinig. Originality / Relevance: The postgraduate course presents itself as a necessary source of knowledge creation to meet the emerging demands of companies and society, so the choice to study the higher education sector, highlighting the Stricto Sensu Programs of public and private institutions of Brazil, is due to the relevance that this sector has for Brazil. It is relevant to reflect on the current conditions and contributions and the desirable future scenario for these postgraduates. Main results: As for the use of strategies by scenario, the strategy "to promote the quality of theses and dissertations" was highlighted in the optimistic and realistic scenarios; looking at the pessimistic scenario, the strategy that was in relevance was the reduction of costs.Theoretical / methodological contributions: It is to bring into the agenda strategies that can make important contributions to the institutions and their respective graduate programs in scenarios of uncertainties and challenges due to competitiveness.Social / management contributions: The social insertion is an important criterion for the integration and cooperation of already existing stricto sensu postgraduate programs, mature and or legitimized, with other programs and centers of study of Brazil, contributing emphatically to the promotion of new professionals , especially in the less favored regions of Brazil.

scholarly journals The Linguistic landscape of Lower Styria on Picture Postcards (1890-1920)

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Almasy
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
The Public Sphere

Toward the end of the nineteenth century in the multilingual Habsburg Empire, language became an important – if not the most important – ethnic marker in the construction of different national identities. In the linguistically mixed regions of the Empire, language was no longer perceived as simply a tool for communication that could be chosen pragmatically depending on social situations and instead became an emblem of one’s national identity. But how much is really known about how language was actually used in bilingual regions? By using the example of the bilingual Slovene-German speaking region of Lower Styria (Spodnja Štajerska/Untersteiermark), this paper suggests that picture postcards, a rich source available in large qualities, can help shed light on the visibility of language(s) in the public sphere, the social stratification and geographic distribution of languages, the language of formal and informal communication, and also on various forms of bilingualism and language contact. In short, an examination of picture postcards from the turn of the century, a medium close to everyday life, yields insights into the linguistic landscape of Lower Styria and can paint a picture of a region characterized not just by national conflicts but also by peaceful coexistence.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Higher Education institute’s Quality Framework performance during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul O'Leary ◽  
Derek O'Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Student Body ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Public ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Higher Education Quality ◽  
Quality Framework ◽  
Academic Year

COVID-19 provided a challenge to the continuing high quality operation of higher education. Quality frameworks, which were created long before national lockdowns or social distancing were tested in a manner that had not been foreseen on their creation. This work examines the performance of the framework in our institute to see if it was sufficiently robust to offer our students a quality education experience and to reassure the public in terms of the standard of our graduates. Engagement with the student body is described in detail from decision-making to evaluation at the end of the academic year of their experience on their programme of study.

Collector and Philatelic Press in the RSFSR/USSR during the First Half of the 1920s: From Pluralism to Monopolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 210-226
Author(s):  
A.V. Yakub ◽  
◽  
N.V. Yakub ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Publishing Industry ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Climate ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Printed Materials ◽  
The One ◽  
Privately Owned ◽  
Historical Epoch

Periodicals is a “mirror” of society. On the one hand, they reflect the social and cultural climate of a particular historical epoch. On the other one, retain the memory of the past times. Magazines and newspapers can influence the public opinion and provide feedback in the management of society through the prism of ideology and propaganda, thereby serving the interests of the state. This paper considers collector periodicals of the Soviet Russia in the first half of the 1920s. During this period, all printed materials were either private or state-owned. The publishing development and the editorial attitudes in the collector periodicals of that time were determined by the Soviet reality and reflected it. For this reason, the Soviet collector periodicals, including philatelic magazines, serve as an invaluable source of evidence of the growing pressure produced by the party policies in propaganda, agitation, and publishing industry. A number of periodicals that received little support from the state were unable to engage in any pro-active resistance. In the early 1920s, the number of collector periodicals rocketed. By the end of 1922–first half of 1923, the dialog between them finally turned into a monologue of one edition promoting the positions of the state. As a result, the privately owned collector magazines disappeared. The remaining magazine turned out to perform mostly ideological and educational functions. Therefore, the general tasks and problems of collecting, in particular the philatelic ones, were replaced by the vital economic problems making the collector periodicals a tool used for bringing up an ideal Soviet person.

Attitudes and Responses to Vagrancy in Ireland in the Long Nineteenth Century

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Crossman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Criminal Offence ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Special Category

This essay focuses on a special category of Irish crime: vagrancy. While vagrancy was a criminal offence in its own right, it was often its association with other forms of criminality and immorality that ensured ‘tramps’ could be viewed with fear and contempt in the Irish countryside. The relationship between crime and poverty has been a subject of considerable debate in numerous scholarly fields. This essay makes the important point that tramps were viewed with suspicion, not on account of their poverty intrinsically, but rather because they consciously rejected social norms in favour of an itinerant lifestyle. The ‘tramp problem’ occupied the attentions of the public and the administrators alike at the turn of the century: the former sometimes startled by the arrival at their door of a ‘big lazy fellow’ demanding relief, and the latter busily issuing circulars to magistrates and police imploring them to clamp down on the offenders. In the end, however, an unsatisfactory justice system predicated on punishment merely reinforced existing prejudices and did little to alleviate the social inequality that gave rise to vagrancy in the first place.

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