scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF FUSOBACTERIUM NECROPHORUM ISOLATED FROM INFECTED CATTLE TISSUES IN ALMATY REGION

REPORTS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (333) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
N.P. Ivanov ◽  
◽  
N.N. Egorova ◽  
S.N. Sarimbekova ◽  
V.Yu Sushi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics

Necrobacteriosis (necrobacteriosis) is established as an infectious disease characterized by purulent-necrotic lesions of tissues mainly of the lower parts of the extremities, especially in the area of the corolla, and in some cases in the oral cavity, on the udder, in the genitals, liver, lungs and other tissues and organs. Many animal species are affected by necrobacteriosis. The most susceptible and sensitive to Fusobacterium necrophorum are reindeer, cattle and small ruminants, pigs, and rabbits. A constant carrier of the causative agent of necrobacteriosis in the rumen and intestines of ruminants has been established, it is found in food particles during chewing, in feces, in objects of the external environment. The disease is especially often observed in animals kept in damp places with poor zoohygienic conditions. Infection of animals occurs when the pathogen enters the injured skin areas or when the mucous membranes are macerated. The work was carried out in the laboratory and production conditions of KazSRVI LLC and at the MTF of the Arkabay settlement of the Talgar district of the Almaty region, where stall keeping of animals is practiced. Material for laboratory research (sections from the horny tissue of the hoof on the border with the healthy one) were taken fresh and inoculated on a nutrient medium for anaerobes (Kitt-Tarozzi medium). Samples of the selected biological material were plated on Kitt-Tarozzi medium at the sampling site on the farm. The biological material taken from sick animals was examined within several hours after taking in accordance with the guidelines for laboratory diagnostics of necrobacteriosis (YEAR INDICATION METHOD). To get rid of the numerous accompanying microflora and obtain a pure culture of F. necrophorum, a bioassay was set up on laboratory animals - rabbits. On the 14-15th day after infection, the experimental rabbits died, which is evidence of the high pathogenicity of the isolated cultures. A pure culture of F. necrophorum from rabbit’s internal organs, not contaminated with extraneous microflora, was cultured. It was found that rabbits are the optimal biomodel for purification of the F. necrophorum culture. The results of cultivation of the causative agent of presented necrobacteriosis on solid and liquid nutrient media are. The biochemical properties of the isolated cultures have been studied. It was found that epizootic cultures of the causative agent of necrobacteriosis in cattle emitted hydrogen sulfide, formed ammonia, and had hemolytic properties. In experiments in vitro and in vivo, it was found that the isolated cultures of F. necrophorum showed hyaluronidase activity. Cultures of F. necrophorum had high catalase activity, i.e. split hydrogen peroxide with the release of gas bubbles. Four cultures of F. necrophorum, isolated from biological material from cattle, were identical in biological properties.

scholarly journals CATTLE NECROBACTERIOSIS IN THE LIVESTOCK FACILITIES OF THE ALMATY REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (74) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
V. Sushchikh ◽  
A. Musayeva ◽  
N. Yegorova
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Laboratory Research

Necrobacteriosis affects many species of animals. The most susceptible and sensitive to Fusobacterium necrophorum are reindeer, cattle and small cattle, pigs, and rabbits. A constant carriership of the causative agent of necrobacteriosis in the rumen and intestines of ruminants has been established, causative agent is found in food particles during chewing, as well as in feces. The causative agent of necrobacteriosis is widespread in the environment (livestock buildings, walking yards, manure, soil, pastures, stagnant reservoirs, etc.). Infestation of animals occurs when the pathogen enters the injured areas of the skin or mucous membranes of animals. Disturbed blood circulation, cracks and peeling of the horn happen as a result of long-term keeping of animals in damp premices, grazing them in damp, swampy areas, and also maceration of the limb tissues. Four cultures of the causative agent of cattle necrobacteriosis Fusobacterium necrophorum were isolated from sick animals with symptoms of lameness, their biological properties were studied. The pathogenicity of the isolated cultures was studied in laboratory animals. The work was conducted in laboratory and production conditions in "KazSRVI" LLP and at the dairy farm at "Arkabay" human settlement (village) of Talgar district of Almaty region, where stall keeping of animals is practiced. Slices from the diseased hoof of cows were taken at the border of the diseased and healthy tissue. Samples of the selected biological material were plated on Kitt-Tarozzi medium at the sampling site on the farm. The biological material taken from sick animals was studied within several hours after sampling in accordance with the guidelines for laboratory diagnosis of necrobacteriosis. Material for laboratory research (sections from the horny tissue of the hoof on the border with the healthy one) were taken fresh and inoculated on a nutrient medium for anaerobes.  The results of cultivation of the necrobacteriosis causative agent on liquid and solid nutrient media under anaerobic conditions are presented. To get rid of the accompanying microflora and obtain a pure culture of F. necrophorum, a bioassay was set on laboratory animals - rabbits. All isolated cultures were highly pathogenic for rabbits. On the 14-15th day after infection, the experimental rabbits died. A pure culture of F. necrophorum, not contaminated with extraneous microflora, was sown from the internal organs of rabbits. It was found that rabbits are the optimal biomodel for purification of the F. necrophorum culture.  The biochemical properties of the isolated cultures have been studied. It was found that epizootic cultures of the causative agent of necrobacteriosis emitted hydrogen sulfide and had hemolytic properties. In experiments in vitro and in vivo, it was found that the isolated cultures of F. necrophorum showed hyaluronidase activity. Cultures of F. necrophorum had a high catalase activity, they split hydrogen peroxide with the formation of oxygen (gas bubbles). When studying biochemical properties, it was found that F. necrophorum releases ammonia within 2-3 hours. Four cultures of F. necrophorum isolated from biological material from cattle were identical in biological properties. 

scholarly journals Zika fever: clinical, epidemiological, laboratory, and diagnostic aspects

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
K. V. Zhdanov ◽  
S. M. Zakharenko ◽  
Aleksandr N. Kovalenko ◽  
A. V. Semenov ◽  
S. S. Kozlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Diagnostic Aspects ◽  
And Control ◽  
Zika Fever

The authors overview data on the prevalence of Zika fever with reference to biological properties of the causative agent, epidemiological process, pathogenesis, and clinical symptoms of the disease. Special attention is given to the identification of the virus in pregnant women, microcephaly in the babies born by Zika-infected women, algorithm of laboratory diagnostics, and measures needed to prevent and control mosquitoes that spread viruses.

Organization of the work of the medical laboratory service in accordance with the requirements of the standard GOST ISO 15189–2015 «Medical laboratories. Particular requirements for quality and competence»

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Elena Vitalievna Perminova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Iso 15189 ◽  
Laboratory Service ◽  
Medical Laboratories

Clinical laboratory diagnostics is a medical specialty, which is based on in vitro diagnostic studies of biomaterial obtained from an individual. At the present stage, there are three main types of organization of the laboratory research process — a laboratory service as part of a medical and preventive institution, a centralized laboratory where biomaterials are delivered for research from various healthcare institutions, as well as mobile laboratories that allow conducting the research directly at the patient’s bedside. This discipline involves the use of a wide variety of diagnostic research methods and the use of a huge number of specific techniques. Their list should include carrying out hematological, microbiological, virological, immunological, serological, parasitic, and biochemical studies. Also, when organizing laboratory diagnostic activities, a number of other studies (cytological, histological, toxicological, genetic, molecular biological, etc.) are provided. A laboratory report is formulated after obtaining clinical data and comparing them with the obtained test results. The quality of laboratory tests is ensured through the systematic implementation of internal laboratory control, as well as participation in a national program for external quality assessment. The activities of the clinical diagnostic laboratory should be organized in accordance with the requirements of the standard GOST R ISO 15189–2015 «Medical laboratories. Particular requirements for quality and competence», which is based on the provisions of two more fundamental standards — ISO 9001 and ISO 17025, and adds a number of special requirements related to medical laboratories.

scholarly journals Genomic analysis of Landes goose origin goose hemorrhagic polyomavirus, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Luo ◽  
Xinglong Yu ◽  
Xiang Qu ◽  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Yan Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
First Time ◽  
Landes Geese ◽  
Hatching Rates

A goose hemorrhagic polyomavirus (GHPV) outbreak occurred in a Goose Farm in Hunan, China, between January and July 2021. Approximately 1,500 breeding goose died, and hatching rates dropped from the previous 85% to about 50% in this outbreak. GHPV HUN-01, isolated from the liver of infected Landes geese, shared a close evolutionary relationship with the Toulouse Goose 2000 and 14234 strain, isolated from geese in France and Hungary. The isolation of GHPV from the livers of dead embryos also demonstrates that the virus can be transmitted vertically. In conclusion, clinical and laboratory diagnostics of the diseased geese in this outbreak were consistent with GHPV being the causative agent. We learned that this is the first time that GHPV has been isolated from geese in mainland China.

Cases of Q fever detected in residents of the novosibirsk region hospitalized with suspection of infections transmitted by ticks

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
E. I. Bondarenko ◽  
E. S. Filimonova ◽  
E. I. Krasnova ◽  
E. V. Krinitsina ◽  
S. E. Tkachev
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Republic

Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of Q fever (coxiellosis), which, in addition to acute manifestations, often occurs in a latent form, is prone to chronic course and, in the absence of antibiotic therapy, has a high risk of disability or death. As a result of the presence of a wide range of clinical manifestations specific to other infectious diseases, the use of laboratory test methods (LTM) is required to make a diagnosis. The presence of Q fever anthropurgic foci in the Novosibirsk region was described in the 90s of the last century, but due attention to its laboratory diagnostics is not paid in this region. The aim of the study was to identify genetic and serological markers of the causative agent, C. burnetii, in patients of the Novosibirsk region who were admitted for treatment with fever with suspected tick-borne infections (TBIs). DNA marker of the causative agent of Q fever was detected in blood samples by real time PCR in 9 out of 325 patients. In three patients, the presence of C. burnetii DNA was confirmed by sequencing of the IS1111 and htpB gene fragments. In ELISA tests, antibodies against the causative agent of coxiellosis were detected in the blood sera of 4 patients with positive results of PCR analysis. Contact with tick was registered in 7 out of 9 patients who had C. burnetii DNA and lacked markers of other TBIs. Six people were infected in the Novosibirsk region, two suffered from tick’s bite in Altai, and one case was from the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. Thus, a complex approach using both PCR analysis and ELISA provided the identification of markers of the Q fever causative agent in patients admitted with suspected TBIs, thereby differentiating it from other infections. Contact with ticks in most cases suggests that infection with C. burnetii had a transmissible pathway.

Tuberculosis allergy

1937 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1237-1244
Author(s):  
N. N. Sirotinin
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
The State ◽  
Exceptional Value

The doctrine of allergy in general and tuberculosis in particular appeared during the heyday of bacteriology and immunology. This was the time when in the etiology of infectious diseases the causative agent was attributed to an exceptional value, while the state of the microorganism was interested mainly in terms of its immuno-biological properties.

Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection. Review of current clinical guidelines

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
I. V. NIKOLAEVA ◽  
◽  
S. V. KHALIULLINA ◽  
G. Kh. MURTAZINA ◽  
V. A. ANOKHIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Dynamic Assessment ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Immunodeficiency States

Clostridioides difficile (CDI) infection is a disease associated with a disruption of the gut microbiome with over-colonization of C. difficile, the toxins of which cause inflammation and damage to the colon. A dynamic assessment of the CDI prevalence indicates a significant increase in laboratory-confirmed cases of infection and a high mortality associated with it. C. difficile is recognized as the main causative agent of nosocomial infections in Europe, USA, Canada and Australia, which develops 48 hours after hospitalization in a medical facility and within 12 weeks after discharge. The severity of CDI is determined by the severity of infectious-toxic, diarrheal and abdominal syndromes. Severe CDI is characterized by manifestations of colitis, accompanied by severe leukocytosis, a decrease in albumin levels and an increase in serum creatinine levels. Development of fulminant forms, pseudomembranous colitis, toxic megacolon, intestinal perforation, sepsis is possible. The risk factors include in-hospital stay; recent use of antibiotics (within the previous 12 weeks, especially the use of fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins of III–IV generations, carbapenems and clindamycin), PPI and H2-histamine blockers; presence of inflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease), immunodeficiency states, including iatrogenic; recent endoscopic examinations, surgical interventions on the gastrointestinal tract, tube feeding, enemas; possible contact with a family member who recently had a C..difficile infection. The «gold standard» for confirming the CDI diagnosis is the identification of the causative agent and/or toxins of C. difficile in the stool using specific laboratory research methods. Vancomycin or metronidazole are recommended as first-line therapy.

scholarly journals Pasteurella pneumotropica and the prevalence of the AHP (Actinobacillus, Haemophilus, Pasteurella)-group in laboratory animals

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kunstýř ◽  
D. Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Pure Culture ◽  
Laboratory Animal ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

134 bacterial isolates originally identified as Pasteurella pneumotropica were cultured from healthy, ill or dead mice, rats, hamsters, guineapigs, rabbits and cats originating from 7 conventional laboratory animal facilities. They occurred seldom in pure culture and were found in a variety of organs. Thorough identification (41 criteria) revealed that only 83 isolates (62%) were P. pneumotropica and could be subdivided into 3 biotypes. 3 isolates were P. aerogenes, 1 was P. ureae, 11 (8%) were qualified as Actinobacillus spp. and 13 (10%) as Haemophilus spp. Close relationship of the 3 genera - the 'AHP-group' - made the differentiation difficult. 23 atypical cultures were discarded at the beginning of the study as not belonging to the 'AHP-group'. Two-thirds of isolates were associated with inflammation or suppuration; Haemophilus spp. seemed to be more pathogenic than Pasteurella and Actinobacillus species.

scholarly journals Serological, cultural, and molecular evidence of Brucella infection in small ruminants in Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
pp. 470-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad Ali ◽  
Shamim Akhter ◽  
Heinrich Neubauer ◽  
Falk Melzer ◽  
Iahtasham Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Ring Test ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Eradication Strategy

Introduction: The objectives of the present study were to determine the seroprevalence and identify the causative agent of brucellosis in small ruminants in Pakistan. Methodology: A total of 278 serum and 212 milk samples were collected from sheep and goats that had close contact with seropositive bovine herds. Data related to age, sex, location, and breed were collected on the sampling day. Serum and milk samples were initially screened using two different Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) antigens and a milk ring test (MRT). Seropositive samples were subjected to bacterial isolation and PCR analysis using Brucella genus-specific (bcsp31) and Brucella species-specific (IS711 for Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis) quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions (qRT-PCR). Results: Twenty-four (8.6%) serum samples were positive by RBPT. Twenty (9.4%) animals were positive for Brucella antibodies using MRT. No Brucella isolates were obtained from the examined blood and milk samples. Of the 24 seropositive serum samples, 18 (75%) were positive in the Brucella genus-specific (bcsp31) and Brucella abortus-specific (IS711) qRT-PCR, respectively. Conclusions: Brucella abortus was identified as causative agent of ovine and caprine brucellosis in Pakistan. Results of this study can be used for the development of an effective control and eradication strategy for brucellosis in livestock, especially small ruminants.

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