A Formal System for Proving Some Properties of Programs in Iterative Combinatory Spaces

1984 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-365
Author(s):  
Dymiter Skordev
Keyword(s):  
Formal System ◽  
Logical System ◽  
Theoretical Methods ◽  
General Properties ◽  
Space Approach

The paper presents an abstract tool for describing general properties of programs. Iterative combinatory space approach makes possible to transfer recursion – theoretical methods onto logical system which is constructed in this paper.

scholarly journals Consideraciones lógico-epistémicas relativas a una forma de conceptualismo ramificado

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (69) ◽  
pp. 3-25
Author(s):  
Max A. Freund
Keyword(s):  
Formal System ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order System ◽  
Logical System ◽  
Logical Basis ◽  
Relative Consistency ◽  
Intuitive Interpretation

An intuitive interpretation of constructive knowability is first developed. Then, an epistemic second order logical system (which formalizes logical aspects of the interpretation) is constructed. A proof of the relative consistency of such a system is offered. Next, a formal system of intensional arithmetic (whose logical basis is the aforementioned second order system) is stated. It is proved that such a formal system of intensional arithmetic entails a theorem, whose content would show possible limitations to constructive knowability.

A Formalization of Functions as Operations on Flows

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Borgo ◽  
Massimiliano Carrara ◽  
Pawel Garbacz ◽  
Pieter E. Vermaas
Keyword(s):  
Formal System ◽  
Web Ontology Language ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Logical System ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Functional Basis ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Foundational Ontology ◽  
Technical Artifacts

This paper presents a formalization of the notion of function as operation on flows as advanced in the Functional Basis approach of Stone and Wood. We first analyze the modeling of functions in this approach and identify the notions that are ontological significant for their formalization within the foundational ontology DOLCE. Then, we build the logical system in which this engineering notion of function is formally translated and connected to the ontology. Furthermore, we posit a number of constraints for a correct interpretation of the formal system and also provide a web ontology language version. We conclude with an assessment of our results and a discussion of our larger project aimed at analysing functional descriptions of technical artifacts, and at translating functional descriptions using different engineering notions of function.

Computer Assisted Image Reconstruction of Oligomer Structure

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
A.M. Jones ◽  
A. Max Fiskin
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Projection Data ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Single Particles ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Computer Assisted Image ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Space Approach

If the tilt of a specimen can be varied either by the strategy of observing identical particles orientated randomly or by use of a eucentric goniometer stage, three dimensional reconstruction procedures are available (l). If the specimens, such as small protein aggregates, lack periodicity, direct space methods compete favorably in ease of implementation with reconstruction by the Fourier (transform) space approach (2). Regardless of method, reconstruction is possible because useful specimen thicknesses are always much less than the depth of field in an electron microscope. Thus electron images record the amount of stain in columns of the object normal to the recording plates. For single particles, practical considerations dictate that the specimen be tilted precisely about a single axis. In so doing a reconstructed image is achieved serially from two-dimensional sections which in turn are generated by a series of back-to-front lines of projection data.

Ab initio structure determination of cytochrome c6 by combined reciprocal space-real space approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 218 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Chowdhury ◽  
S. Ghosh ◽  
M. Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Structure Determination ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Reciprocal Space ◽  
Cytochrome C6 ◽  
Ab Initio Structure ◽  
Space Approach

AbstractThe direct method program SAYTAN has been applied successfully to redetermine the structure of cytochrome c

Modality and folk psychology

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Ja. O. Petik
Keyword(s):  
Modal Logic ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Formal System ◽  
Philosophy Of Logic ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Formal Systems ◽  
Modern Psychology ◽  
Philosophical Interpretation ◽  
Important Direction

The connection of the modern psychology and formal systems remains an important direction of research. This paper is centered on philosophical problems surrounding relations between mental and logic. Main attention is given to philosophy of logic but certain ideas are introduced that can be incorporated into the practical philosophical logic. The definition and properties of basic modal logic and descending ones which are used in study of mental activity are in view. The defining role of philosophical interpretation of modality for the particular formal system used for research in the field of psychological states of agents is postulated. Different semantics of modal logic are studied. The hypothesis about the connection of research in cognitive psychology (semantics of brain activity) and formal systems connected to research of psychological states is stated.

Peculiarities of the national Ukrainian culture in the artistic design of the publications of Kharkov cooperative publishing house «Rukh»

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Надія Подоляка
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Theoretical Methods ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Teaching Aids ◽  
History Of ◽  
Graphic Elements ◽  
Visual Materials ◽  
Artistic Product

The purpose of the article is to investigate the peculiarities of the national Ukrainian culture in the artistic design of the editions of the Kharkov cooperative publishing house «Rukh». Research methods: Empirical-theoretical methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction are used. From the theoretical methods, a description and interpretation is applied. The use of these methods made it possible to prove that the publications of the Kharkov cooperative publishing house «Rukh» are a highly cultured artistic product, shrouded in the aura of the traditions of Ukrainian culture. It is proved that in the 20-ies. XX century. around the «Rukh» united a circle of like-minded writers, critics, editors, illustrators. Book covers were made by M. Samokish, S. Borovoy, V. Krichevsky. It is established that in the graphic design of the editions the editors used font ensembles, decorative elements and other visual materials created by the most prominent representatives of the artistic circles, in which the Ukrainian tradition is traced. In the design of covers used a variety of frames, ornaments of vegetable origin, stylized with letters. At the same time, minimalism of forms, compositions in a black and white version was quite common. Attention is focused on the works of the famous graphs of the era of the Ukrainian revival, created by the order of the Kharkiv cooperative publishing house «Rukh». The features of the national Ukrainian culture in the artistic design of publications are analyzed. Illustrations, graphic elements, style of execution and technique of the Ukrainian artists cooperating with the publishing house are characterized. The study significantly expands the view on publishing at the stage of the formation of Soviet power. The results can be used to write textbooks and teaching aids on cultural studies, the history of publishing and the history of Ukraine.

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