Evaluation of the antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Viola odorata in poly herbal formulations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hafiz Abdul Rafey ◽  
Abdul Haleem Shah ◽  
Muhammad Khalid Khan ◽  
Muhammad Kamran ◽  
Muhammad Tayyab
Keyword(s):  
Effective Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Viola Odorata ◽  
Herbal Formulation

Traditional polyherbal formulations are essential part of health system in various populations in the subcontinent region including Pakistan, however scientific evaluation of such claims are not significant. In this investigation, the antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Viola odorata, two important ingredients of a traditional herbal formulation were determined in synergism. Various fractions of plants extract were prepared in the order of polarity. All fractions were tested against Gram negative (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi) bacteria and antimicrobial activity was assessed using agar diffusion method. The MIC (Minimum Inhibitory concentration), was assessed. Finally antibiofilm activities were determined using 96 micro wells plate by calculating percent inhibition. In case of Viola oldorata, the inhibition zone ranged between (6 mm to 18 mm±1.24) against the test strains. The highest inhibition was recorded against gram positive bacteria Strep: Pneumoniae (20 mm±0.99) followed by S. aureus (18 mm±1.02) using methanolic extract. A moderate level of inhibition was seen in case of Glycyrrhiza glabra against the microbial strains. It was noticed that Glycyrrhiza Glabra was more active against gram negative bacteria. The methanolic fraction presented highest activity against e coli (18 mm±0.96) followed by K. pneumoniae and P. aureginosa (12 mm±1.22).The MIC ranged between 4–8 mg/mL. During antibiofilm assay, a moderate level of inhibition occurs using the Viola odorata (40%inhibition) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (45%inhibition), that increased by using combination of both plants in 50:50 ratio. It was concluded that the effective properties of indigenous poly herbal formulation are due to synergism causing greater antibiofilm characteristics against the biofilm producer strains as well as other pathogenic microorganisms.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Potential of Aloe weloensis (Aloeacea) Leaf Latex against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yohannes Kelifa Emiru ◽  
Ebrahim Abdela Siraj ◽  
Tekleab Teka Teklehaimanot ◽  
Gedefaw Getnet Amare
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Objective. To evaluate the antibacterial effects of the leaf latex of Aloe weloensis against infectious bacterial strains. Methods. The leaf latex of A. weloensis at different concentrations (400, 500, and 600 mg/ml) was evaluated for antibacterial activities using the disc diffusion method against some Gram-negative species such as Escherichia coli (ATCC 14700) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 35619) and Gram-positive such as Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 50080) and Enterococcus fecalis (ATCC 4623). Results. The tested concentrations of the latex ranging between 400 and 600 mg·mL−1 showed significant antibacterial activity against bacterial strain. The highest dose (600 mg/ml) of A. weloensis leaf latex revealed the maximum activity (25.93 ± 0.066 inhibition zone) followed by the dose 500 mg/ml against S. aureus. The lowest antibacterial activity was observed by the concentration 400 mg/ml (5.03 ± 0.03) against E. coli. Conclusion. The results of the present investigation suggest that the leaf latex of A. weloensis can be used as potential leads to discover new drugs to control some bacterial infections.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial effect of essential oils of some Fijian medicinal plant leaves on pathogenic bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Prayna P. P. Maharaj ◽  
Riteshma Devi ◽  
Surendra Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Fiji is highly populated with plants containing essential oils (EO). The essential oils extracted from the leaves of the selected Fijian leafy plants were screened against two Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and three Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis). The agar diffusion method was used to examine the antimicrobial activities of the extracted EO. All the EO tested showed antibacterial properties against one or more strains while none of the EO was active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Viburnum lantana (Wayfaring tree), Annona muricata (Soursop), Coleus amboinicus (Spanish thyme) and Cinnamomum zeylancium (Cinnamon) showed good inhibition against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and proved as worthy source of antimicrobial agent. These findings will help the Pacific population to use the studied plants leaves as antimicrobial agent.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of the essential oil from dried leaves of Eucalyptus staigeriana

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Saldanha Correa ◽  
Joseli Schwambach ◽  
Michele Bertoni Mann ◽  
Jeverson Frazzon ◽  
Ana Paula Guedes Frazzon
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Gram Negative

ABSTRACT: In recent years, compounds with biological properties produced by plants have received attention as an alternative to control microorganisms. Essential oils extracted from green leaves of Eucalyptus sp. have been demonstrated to have antimicrobial activities, but so far there are no reports of antimicrobial activity of essential oils extracted from dried leaves of Eucalyptus staigeriana. So, the objectives of this study were to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from dried leaves of E. staigeriana (EOdlES) and to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of EOdlES against gram-positive and gram-negative, resistance and multiresistant Enterococcus faecalis isolated from food and clinical samples. The characterization of EOdlES was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). For this study, 26 bacterial strains were used, which included 11 reference strains and 15 antibiotic resistant and multiresistant E. faecalis strains. Antimicrobial activities of EOdlES against gram-positive and gram-negative were determined using the disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was evaluated by a microbroth dilution technique. The antibiofilm effects were assessed by microtiter plate method. As a result, 21 compounds were identified, being oxygenated monoterpenes (69.58%) the major chemical family. EOdlES showed only antimicrobial activity against gram-positive strains. E. faecalis resistant and multiresistant strains show the lowest MIC (3.12 to 6.25%), when compared with reference E. faecalis strain. EOdlES has the ability to inhibit the biofilm formation, but little or none ability to inhibit the preformed biofilm. This study demonstrates that EOdlES is a promising alternative to control important foodborne and clinic gram-positive resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals Fucoxanthin—An Antibacterial Carotenoid

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz M. Karpiński ◽  
Artur Adamczak
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Agar Disc

Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid produced by brown algae and diatoms. This compound has several biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. Unfortunately, until now the latter effect has been poorly confirmed. The aim of this study was an evaluation of fucoxanthin activity against 20 bacterial species. Antimicrobial effect of fucoxanthin was determined by using the agar disc-diffusion and micro-dilution methods. The studied carotenoid acted against 13 bacteria growing in aerobic conditions. It was observed to have a significantly stronger impact on Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria. Mean zones of growth inhibition (ZOIs) for Gram-positive bacteria ranged between 9.0 and 12.2 mm, while for Gram-negative were from 7.2 to 10.2 mm. According to the agar disc-diffusion method, the highest activity of fucoxanthin was exhibited against Streptococcus agalactiae (mean ZOI 12.2 mm), Staphylococcus epidermidis (mean ZOI 11.2 mm), and Staphylococcus aureus (mean ZOI 11.0 mm), and in the microdilution test towards Streptococcus agalactiae with the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 62.5 µg/mL. On the other hand, fucoxanthin was not active against strict anaerobic bacteria.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Plant Extracts againstBacillus Subtilis,Staphylococcus Aureusand Escherichia Coli

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S282-S284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliwirianis N ◽  
Wan Zuraida Wan Mohd Zain ◽  
Jamaluddin Kassim ◽  
Shaikh Abdul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Stemona Tuberosa ◽  
Elephantopus Scaber

Local herbs have many potential that may be active with antimicrobial activity. A screening was conducted with 11 species of herbs collected in UiTM Pahang Forest Reserve.Epipremnumsp.,Zingibersp.Tetracera indica, Tectaria crenata, Piper stylosum, Homalomena propinque, Goniothalamus sp., Elephantopus scaber, Mapania patiolale, Melastomasp.,Stemona tuberosa, Phullagathis rotundifolia, Thotea grandifoliaandSmilaxsp. were extracted with methanol to obtain their crude. The agar diffusion method using blank disc of 6 mm diameter were loaded with 1000 µg/mL of methanol crude and applied to the inoculate plate was used to assess the antimicrobial activity against two gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilisandStaphylococcus aeureus) and one gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). The results evaluated as the diameter of the inhibition zone of microbial growth, showed that all the extracts were active against gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. The extract ofStemona tuberosewas found to be the most active against theE. coliandS. aeureuswhilePiper stylosumactive againstB. subtilis.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Kombucha Teh dan Kopi Sebagai Antibakteri Bakteri Gram Positif dan Bakteri Gram Negatif

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Surahmaida . ◽  
Kinanti Ayu Puji Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Black Tea ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Paper Disc

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan Kombucha dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Gram positif dan Gram negatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi pembuatan Kombucha dengan variasi bahan dasar (teh hitam, teh hijau dan kopi) dengan jenis gula yang berbeda (gula pasir dan gula stevia); dan uji antibakteri menggunakan metode kertas cakram (difusi agar) terhadap bakteri Gram positif dan Gram negatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ke-6 varian Kombucha tidak berpengaruh atau tidak adanya zona bening (zona hambat) yang terbentuk di sekitar kertas cakram uji pada semua bakteri uji.Kata kunci: Kombucha teh dan kopi, bakteri Gram positif dan bakteri Gram negatif, zona hambat ABSTRACTThe aim of this tudy is to determine the ability of Kombucha to inhibit the growth of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The method used in this study included the making of Kombucha with a variety of basic ingredients (black tea, green tea and coffee) with different types of sugar (sugar and stevia sugar); and antibacterial tests using the paper disc (agar diffusion) method against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The results showed that the 6 variants of Kombucha had no effect or absence of a clear zone (inhibition zone) formed around the test disc paper in all test bacteria.Keywords: Tea and coffee Kombucha, Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria, inhibitory zone

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity and Chemical Composition of Red Peacock Flower (Caesalpinia pulcherrima L.) Leaf Essential Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 269-274
Author(s):  
Novena Risnalani Rintank Constani ◽  
Hartati Soetjipto ◽  
Sri Hartini
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil

Peacock flower (Caesalpinia pulcherrima L.) leaves contain essential oils which can be used as an ingredient in cosmetics, perfume, aromatherapy, medicine, and supplements. The study was conducted to obtain essential oils from peacock flower leaves and determine the antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Antibacterial activity test was carried out by the agar diffusion method, using paper discs. Measurements were made for the inhibition zone diameter (IZD) that appeared, while the essential oil component was analyzed using GC-MS. The results showed that the peacock flower leaves (C. pulcherrima) had a moderate to strong antibacterial effect at a concentration of 7.5%-20% against gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilis and S. aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and P. aeruginosa). Gram-negative E. coli bacteria are relatively more sensitive to peacock flower leaf essential oil compared to other test bacteria. Peacock flower (C. pulcherrima) leaf essential oil is composed of 7 main components namely β-Cubebene 33.87%; Caryophyllene 23.00%; γ-Elemene 13.18%; α-Pinene 10.96%; Cadina-1(10),4-diene 10.20%; Copaene; 7.09%; β-Pinene 1.70%.

Antimicrobial Flavonoids from Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq. and Artocarpus lowii King

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shajarahtunnur Jamil ◽  
Siti Mariam Abdul Lathiff ◽  
Siti Awanis Abdullah ◽  
Noraini Jemaon ◽  
Hasnah Mohd Sirat
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Qualitative Assay ◽  
Concentration Methods ◽  
Strong Antimicrobial Activity

Antimicrobial activities of flavonoids isolated from the leaves and heartwoods of Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq. and Artocarpus lowii King were evaluated. Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus), Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida) and fungi (Candida albicans and Candida glabrata) were used in this study. Disc diffusion method was used as the qualitative assay while minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum microbicidal concentration methods were used as the quantitative assays. Artocarpin (8) showed strong antimicrobial activity towards all bacteria with inhibition zone diameter more than 11 mm and minimum microbicidal concentration value of 0.45 mg/mL. Isobavachalcone (3) exhibited strong antibacterial activity towards Gram positive bacteria with minimum microbicidal concentration value of 0.45 mg/mL. The findings of this study revealed that the isolated flavonoids from A. anisophyllus and A. lowii have potential to be developed as antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Antibiogram of single, double and triple chain Aroyl hydrazine against some gram positive and gram negative bacteria

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
R Parvin ◽  
MN Absar ◽  
M Ershaduzzaman ◽  
ATM Mahbub-E-Elahi ◽  
A Shil
Keyword(s):  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Double Chain ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bacterial Cell Membrane

The antibacterial sensitivity of some single, double and triple chain aroylhydrazine against gram positive and gram negative bacteria were performed by disc diffusion method. Most of the compounds showed appreciable antibacterial activity against different gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The single chain hydrazines are more active then double chain and triple chain hydrazine. Among the single chain aroylhydrazines studied only 4-n-hexyloxy benzoyl hydrazine is the most active. The significant activity of 4-n-hexyloxybenzoyl hydrazine and heptyloxybenzoyl hydrazine against gram positive and gram negative bacteria may be (formation of inhibition zone 8 to 22 mm with most of the test bacteria) due to their liophilicity of the bacterial cell membrane. Anti-microbial activity decreases as the number of carbon of single chain hydrazine increases (C6 > C7 > C8 > C9 > C10 single chain hydrazine). Double chain hydrazines (3, 5 or 3, 4) are more active than triple chain hydrazines (3, 5 > 3, 4 > 3, 4, 5 hydrazine). The antibacterial activities of hydrazines are being decreased as their increasing number of side chain.Keyword: Antibacterial sensitivity; Aroyl hydrazine.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v1i1.8610 International Journal of Natural Sciences (2011), 1(1):17-21 

scholarly journals Intracellular and Extracellular extracts activity of Oscillatoria limnetica and Chroococus minor against some Bacteria and Fangi

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 478-483
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Extracellular Products ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

In this study Oscillatoria limnetica and Chroococus minor were isolated ?purified and identification from water canal around Baghdad University Campus. The water of this canals originally from Tigris River. BG-11 culture media was used for their cultivation in suitable laboratory conditions (25c°, 200µE/m2/sec) for 16:8 hrs. Light: dark. Each culture was harvested at the end of exponential phase .Organic solvents used for extraction were Ethanol? Hexane and Methanol 95% to extract the crude active Intracellular and Extracellular substances, and evaporated down to dryness .Antibacterial and antifungal activity of these different extracts were evaluated against 6 strains of gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria in addition to fungi, Agar diffusion method was used in this evaluation. Results showed that the extracellular products which extracted by hexane and the extracellular products which extracted by ethanol from Oscillatoria limnetica were have higher antagonistic activity against bacteria and Fungi comparing with methanol extracts .However higher antibacterial and antifungal were obtained against the studied strains of comparing with methanol and ethanol extracts of the same algae products. The gram positive bacteria studied revealed higher susceptibility to attack by the intracellular and extracellular extracts comparing with the gram negative bacteria. These extracts revealed higher antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilise and the average of inhibition zone were 26, 22 mm. for intracellular and extracellular products of O.limnetica respectively. However, C. minor intracellular products extract has the antagonistic activity against Staphylococcus aureus with 28 mm inhibition zone

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