scholarly journals SPATIAL PLANNING OF TERRITORIES AS A NEW TYPE OF URBAN PLANNING ACTIVITY. PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Andriy Stepanyuk ◽  
Romana Kiuntsli
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Comprehensive Plan ◽  
New Type ◽  
Comprehensive Plans

Administrative and territorial reform in Ukraine is coming to an end. In the socio-economic life of the country, this reform contributed to the establishment of local self-government, in urban planning activities began spatial planning, the main task of which is the development of comprehensive plans for spatial development of the territories of united territorial communities. According to the current legislation, the main subject of local self-government in Ukraine is a united territorial community. Adoption of the Law 711-IX "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Land Use Planning" provides for the development of special urban planning documentation, which extends its effect to the community, which in turn allows the united territorial community to determine the planning and development of its own territory. Law 711-IX also introduces a new type of urban planning documentation - a comprehensive plan for the spatial development of the territory of the united territorial community. In order to successfully implement this project, it is necessary to assess all the challenges and risks in the field of administrative services, medicine, education, road and engineering infrastructure, environmental protection and cultural heritage when drawing up a community spatial development plan in modern conditions. The main problem in drawing up comprehensive plans is the spatial organization of agricultural areas and the interests of the peasant farmer, a representative of the middle class, whose opinion should be taken into account through surveys and analysis of his social and industrial activities, including taking into account his domestic and economic interests. When drawing up comprehensive spatial development plans, the project team should involve community specialists (architect, land surveyor), as well as community proxies (priests, teachers) who know regional issues, history and traditional crafts of the territories and will defend their development. As many community residents as possible should participate in the discussion and approval of project proposals for a comprehensive plan, in order to prevent resistance and understand the need to implement it.

Urban and Spatial Planning in Natural Hazard Risk Management

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörn Birkmann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Forthcoming Article ◽  
Risk Management Strategies

This is an advance summary of a forthcoming article in the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Natural Hazard Science. Please check back later for the full article. Spatial and urban planning are acknowledged as important tools and processes that influence exposure to natural and technical hazards and risk accumulation, as well as risk and vulnerability reduction. Even though natural hazards (such as floods) and technical hazards have been discussed in spatial and urban planning for quite some time in various countries and regions, only in a very few cities and regions has there been a sufficient and systematic approach to establish risk management as part of the planning task within the field of spatial planning and urban land-use planning. Risk management strategies in spatial and urban planning have often been strengthened after major crises, such as severe fires in the middle ages in cities in Europe, or after major floods or hurricanes in North America, Asia, and Latin America, as well as Europe and Africa. In this context, risk management is understood as a cluster of concrete and practical strategies and actions on how to handle risks, and in terms of spatial and urban planning, including those risks that are of spatial importance or significant with regard to planning processes.

The Features and Causes of Spatial Planning Conflicts in China: Taking Urban Planning and Land-Use Planning as Examples

2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950003
Author(s):  
Weifeng KONG ◽  
Hanchu LIU ◽  
Jie FAN
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Design System ◽  
Construction Land

The conflicts in spatial planning are the main reason that restricts the sustainable development of land use in China, and it is also the main barrier to the building of “Territorial Spatial Planning System”. This study analyzes the conflicts between urban planning and land-use planning from the three dimensions of construction land, basic farmland and ecological land based on a land-use transition matrix with the central urban area of Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province as a case region, and analyzes the causes of spatial planning conflicts from the perspectives of the central and local governments in terms of their preferences and interactive relationships. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows. (1) Urban planning and land-use planning have comprehensive conflicts with each other in terms of the construction land, basic farmland and ecological land, i.e. the scale of construction land in urban planning is 154% of that in land-use planning, and the scale of basic farmland in urban planning is 88.56% of that in land-use planning. (2) Central and local governments are the two main stakeholders of spatial planning, and they have different preferences for the utilization of spatial resources at prefecture-level cities. The central government is concerned about food security, and therefore, pays more attention to the protection of cultivated land, while the local governments focus on economic benefits and the ecological environment, and therefore, pay more attention to construction and ecological lands. (3) The urban planning system is a bottom-up design system, which determines that urban planning mainly reflects the preferences of local governments, while the land-use planning system is a top-down design system, which determines that land-use planning mainly reflects the central government’s preferences. The policy implication of this study is that in order to manage spatial planning conflicts, it is necessary to manage the conflicts of interest among stakeholders.

scholarly journals The Suitability of an Orthophotomap in the Process of Approving Local Spatial Development Plans

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 78-89
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kulesza ◽  
Ryszard Florek-Paszkowski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Planning And Construction

Abstract One of the assumptions of the draft of the Act on Urban Planning and Construction Code is to strengthen social participation in creating spatial policies at all levels of planning. As part of the conducted research, a questionnaire was designed for the purposes of this article. The research was carried out on people who took part in the expositions of Local Spatial Development Plans (LSDP) and public discussions taking place in the communes of Siemianowice Śląskie and Pszów. The conducted questionnaire inquiry pointed to the low level of public awareness regarding procedures, as well as the lack of understanding of these documents due to the illegible form of the presentation of the approved local plans provided by the Act on planning and spatial development. Only 26% of the respondents declared to have good knowledge of the procedures for developing and approving local plans. The draft of the Urban and Construction Code Act, which is to replace the mentioned act, provides for a substantiation of the LSDP that may contain a visualization presenting the local plan regulations in a graphic manner, understandable to people who do not have technical knowledge, including digitally excluded persons. The conducted inquiry has shown that more than half of all respondents admitted that the usage of both a large-scale map and an orthophotomap as a cartographic background for the visualization of LSDP findings was by far the most legible. The proposed solutions can be introduced directly into the regulation on the detailed rules for the preparation of spatial planning acts. The statutory delegation for its issue was included in article 243 of the Act on Urban Planning and Construction Code draft published on 23rd November 2017 on the website of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Construction.

scholarly journals Kooperative Raumplanung: Handlungsformen und Verfahren

10.38107/018 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
The State ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Settlement Development ◽  
Cooperative Planning

Cooperative planning is a potent approach for steering quality settlement development inwards. With the combination of (special) use plans and urban development contracts, they come into play where traditional spatial planning is unable to reliably achieve the desired spatial planning due to a lack of agreements with landowners or investors. While private individuals benefit from a better use of their land, the state gains influence on the "if" and "how" of the constructional realization of this land. The considerable urban planning significance of cooperative planning is contrasted by constitutional concerns about the method. Cooperative planning runs the risk of shortchanging legitimate public and third-party interests and of overreaching to the private cooperating party because of the state's bidding power in the area of land use planning. This book shows ways how cooperative planning can be designed according to rule-of-law standards and thus be strengthened.

scholarly journals The role of urban movements in the process of local spatial planning and the development of participation mechanism

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Maria Badach ◽  
Anna Stasiak ◽  
Andrzej Baranowski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Current Profile ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Urban Activism ◽  
Urban Movements ◽  
Spatial Governance

Abstract In civil societies, urban movements are one of the tools in the process of spatial governance. In Poland, urban activism is beginning to develop together with a budding participation in public life. Therefore, there is a need to assess the scope and effects of the urban movements’ actions. The aim of the study was to determine and evaluate their impact on the spatial development in three Polish cities - Poznań, Gdańsk and Gdynia, especially in regard to the procedures in local urban planning and the process of participation. On the basis of the data collected during research and community interviews conducted in these cities, the following factors were analysed: the background and current profile of urban movements, the extent, regularity and effectiveness of their actions, the planning and spatial development initiatives undertaken, their cooperation with the local authorities and their contribution to the enhancement of participatory mechanisms.

Can SPLUMA Play a Role in Transforming Spatial Injustice to Spatial Justice in Housing in South Africa?

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannie Van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
National Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Land Use Management ◽  
Spatial Justice ◽  
Spatial Environment

Our spatial environment is one of the most important determinants of our well-being and life chances. It relates to schools, opportunities, businesses, recreation and access to public services. Spatial injustice results where discrimination determines that spatial environment. Since Apartheid in South Africa epitomised the notion of spatial injustice, tools and instruments are required to transform spatial injustice into spatial justice. One of these is the employment of principles of spatial justice. While the National Development Plan (NDP) recognised that all spatial development should conform to certain normative principles and should explicitly indicate how the requirements of these should be met, the Spatial Planning and Land Use Management Act 16 of 2013 (SPLUMA) contains a more concrete principle of spatial justice. It echoes aspects of both the South African land reform programme and global principles of spatial justice. Essentially section 7(a) of SPLUMA entails three components: (1) redressing past spatial imbalances and exclusions; (2) including people and areas previously excluded and (3) upgrading informal areas and settlements. SPLUMA directs municipalities to apply the principle in its spatial development frameworks, land use schemes and, most importantly, in decision-making on development applications. The aim of this article is to determine whether the application of this principle in practice can move beyond the confines of spatial planning and land use management to address the housing issue in South Africa. Central to housing is section 26 of the Constitution, that has received the extensive attention of the Constitutional Court. The court has not hesitated to criticize the continuing existence of spatial injustice, thus contributing to the transformation of spatial injustice to spatial justice. Since planning, housing and land reform are all intertwined not only the role of SPLUMA, but also the NDP and the myriad other policies, programmes and legislation that are attempting to address the situation are examined and tested against the components of the principle of spatial justice in SPLUMA.

REGULATION URGENCY CONCERNING ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTION GUIDELINES IN SPACE ADMINISTRATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakhmat Bowo Suharto
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Administrative Sanction ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Welfare State

The spatial development can be supported by sustainable development, efforts are needed to divert space through the imposition of sanctions on administration in the spatial field. In the context of a legal state, sanctions must be taken while ensuring their legality in order to provide legal protection for citizens. The problem is, the construction of administrative regulations in Law No. 26 of 2007 and PP No. 15 of 2010 contains several weaknesses so that it is not enough to provide clear arrangements for administrative officials who impose sanctions. For this reason, an administration is required which requires administrative officials to request administrative approval in the spatial planning sector. The success of the regulation requires that it is the foundation of the welfare state principle which demands the government to activate people's welfare. 15 of 2010, the main things that need to be regulated therein should include (1) the mechanism of imposing sanctions: (2) determination of the type and burden of sanctions; and (3) legal protection and supervision by the region.

scholarly journals Study on the Urban Fringe Based on the Expansion–Shrinking Dynamic Pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5718
Author(s):  
Changqing Sui ◽  
Wei Lu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Urban Fringe ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Architectural Form ◽  
Ecological Protection

The urban fringe, as a part of an urban spatial form, plays a considerably major role in urban expansion and shrinking. After decades of rapid development, Chinese cities have advanced from a simple expansion stage to an expansion–shrinking-coexistence stage. In urban shrinking and expansion, the urban fringe shows different characteristics and requirements for specific aspects such as urban planning, land use, urban landscape, ecological protection, and architectural form, thereby forming expanding and shrinking urban fringes. A comprehensive study of expanding and shrinking urban fringes and their patterns is theoretically significant for urban planning, land use, planning management, and ecological civilisation construction.

Obstacles on the Path to Urban Greatness: Competing Plans for the Creation of Greater Lviv (“Wielki Lwów”)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-671
Author(s):  
Nadja Weck
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Comprehensive Plan ◽  
The Future ◽  
Imperial Capital ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The City

Like in many other provinces, during the Habsburg period, the main point of orientation for Galicia was Vienna. This also applies to architecture and urban development. Galicia’s technical elite applied the theoretical and practical experience it gathered in Vienna to the towns and cities of this northeastern Crown land. Ignacy Drexler, born in 1878 in the Austro-Hungarian Lemberg, was a representative of a new generation of engineers and architects who did not necessarily have to spend time in the imperial capital to earn their spurs. Increasingly, besides the more or less obligatory stay in Vienna, other European countries became points of reference. Drexler did not live to see the realization of important aspects of his comprehensive plan for the city, but his ideas and the data he compiled were indispensable for the future development of his hometown. They shape urban planning in Lviv to this day.

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