scholarly journals Distinction of the categories "synchrony, diachrony" and "chronotope" in the methodology of Cultural Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Гоц
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Statics And Dynamics ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of the article is to clarify the categories "synchrony, diachrony" and "chronotope" in the context of the conceptual apparatus of cultural studies. The article is designed to prevent the incorrect use of these terms, to overcome the problem of identifying the concepts of "synchrony" with "statics" and "space", as well as to facilitate the differentiation of the categories "synchrony, diachrony" and "chronotope". The methodology of the study consists in the use of system approach and the lens of structuralism: synchronіс, diachrоnіс and chronotopic approaches (M. Bakhtin), methods of synchronіс and diachronіс analysis, as well as the lens of semiotics: semantic and terminological analysis. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the article is the first study on the conceptual differentiation of seemingly very similar categories of "synchrony and diachrony", "chronotope", "statics", "space". As a result of the research, we have formulated and substantiated a number of conceptual provisions, which have theoretical and practical significance for improving the gnoseological apparatus of cultural studies. Conclusions. The concept of "synchrony and diachrony" is considered as one of the key epistemological coordinates of cultural studies and sciences of culture, which requires clarification of its semantic boundaries. The definition of synchrony and diachrony in cultural studies has been clarified. It was revealed that in culture as a system it is appropriate to distinguish between diachrony, which is the historical development of culture (or its subsystems), and synchrony, which is a cross-section of culture (or its subsystems) within a certain point in time. The explication of the semantics of the concepts of "synchrony and diachrony" demonstrates that the identification of the concepts of "synchrony" and "statics", "synchrony" and "space" is inaccurate. The concepts of "synchrony and diachrony" and "chronotope" were differentiated as well. Key words: cultural studies, methodology, terminological analysis, structuralism, synchrony, diachrony, chronotope, statics and dynamics.

scholarly journals Hjemme i globaliseringen

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Mechlenborg
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Zygmunt Bauman ◽  
Housing Research ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
At Home

I nærværende artikel er det min hensigt at sætte fokus på den aktuelle dyrkelse af hjemmet, som har pustet liv i en diskussion om hjemmets rolle i globaliseringsteorierne. I dag synes udfordringen ikke at forstå globaliseringen over for det forankrede hverdagsliv, men at forsøge at etablere en dialog mellem de to. Ved at sætte begrebet hjem centralt i forhold til teorier om mobilitet, modernisering og globalisering, vil denne artikel sætte fokus på kløften mellem stereotype opfattelser af globaliseringen og ind-groede myter om hjem og hverdagsliv. Teoretisk og metodisk er artiklen placeret i feltet mellem boligforskning, kulturstudier og globaliserings-forskningen. Med udgangspunkt i Marshall Bermans modernitetsopfattelse og Mieke Bals tværkulturelle teori om "rejsende koncepter" gennemgås en række kanoniserede ideer om hjem og globalisering, idet hensigten er at åbne op for en mere nuanceret, tidssvarende definition af det globaliserede hjem. Af referencer kan nævnes Zygmunt Bauman, David Morley, John Tomlinson og Agnes Heller. ENGELSK ABSTRACT: Mette Mechlenborg: At Home in Globalisation? The recent renaissance of home in culture and media has reactivated a discussion about the role of anchor in the theories of globalisation. It has also revived the discussion of the consequences of globalisation in everyday life. Today the challenge is not so much to understand the difference between a homebound life and globalisation, but to establish a dialogue between the two. By trying to place home in the center of theories on mobility, modernity and globalisation, this article focuses on the gap between traditional understandings of globalisation and myths of everyday life and home. Theoretically and methodically this article lies in the field between housing research, cultural studies and theories of globalisation. It is embedded in the writings of Marshall Berman and in Mieke Bal’s theory of “travelling concepts“, developed for interdisciplinary studies, but goes through a range of canonised publications and writings dealing with the gap between home and globalisation as it tries to open up for a more up to date and post modern definition of the globalised home. Key words: Globalisation, home, everyday life, mobility, theory.

The development of assessment and remediation guidelines for contaminated soils, a review of the science

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Sheppard ◽  
M. I. Sheppard ◽  
C. Gaudet ◽  
P. M. Cureton ◽  
M. P. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Toxicity Pathways ◽  
Risk Hazard Assessment

Soil contamination is no longer restricted to isolated incidents and locations; it is a general and contentious problem. However, the problem is complex, starting with the very definition of what level and type of contamination is unacceptable. A myriad of regulatory and de facto guidelines have emerged, and they are extremely fragmented, inconsistent and incomplete. This review attempts to summarize the historical development of assessment and remediation guidelines, to highlight the unique difficulties of the problem, and then to discuss the scientific information that exists and that is needed to improve guidelines. There is an unlimited scope for research on this subject. Key words: Contaminant, cleanup, toxicity, pathways, risk, hazard assessment

scholarly journals Features, characteristics and classification of business processes trading enterprises

2019 ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
Dmytro V. Onashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Business Process ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Process Approach ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Commercial Enterprise ◽  
Organizational Architecture ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of the research. The main purpose of the article is to improve the conceptual apparatus and classification of business processes of trading enterprises in order to obtain the greatest efficiency from the use of a process approach in the development of organizational architecture of trading enterprises. Methodology. To improve the conceptual apparatus and the classification of business processes of trading enterprises, such methods are used: generalization, analysis and synthesis. Results. As a result of the study, the actual definition of the category “Business Process”, which takes into account the modern features and essence of the business process itself. Also, as a result of the study, a summarized characteristic of basic, auxiliary and business management processes. Practical meaning. The practical significance of the study consists in the applied nature of the proposed conceptual apparatus and the classification of business processes of trading enterprises that can be used in the process of the process approach of organizational modeling of a commercial enterprise, which is particularly relevant for the long-term success of the enterprise, and also allows the company to create and develop competitive products in conditions of a changing environment. Prospects for further research. The further researches of the author will be devoted to this. Another direction of the following developments will be the use of a process approach in the development of organizational architectures of trading enterprises.

scholarly journals Theoretical features and principles of risk management in the activities of an industrial enterprise

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
Alla L. Idobayеva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Risk Management Process ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Competitive Products

The purpose of the research. The main purpose of the article is to improve the conceptual apparatus of the risk management process in the activities of an industrial enterprise, the principles of risk management, stages and principles of this process in the activities of an industrial enterprise. Methodology. To improve the conceptual apparatus of the risk management process, the principles of risk management, stages and principles of this process in the activity of an industrial enterprise are used by the following methods: generalization, analysis and synthesis. Results. As a result of the study, an actual definition of the category of “risk management,” the stages of risk management and the principles of risk management process, taking into account the modern features of this process, as well as the features of industrial enterprises. Also, as a result of the study, circumstances that do not allow to effectively use worked out and well-established themselves in other areas of activity evaluation and risk management. Practical meaning. The practical significance of the study is the applied nature of the proposed conceptual apparatus, the principles of risk management, stages and principles of this process that can be used in the process of risk management in the activity of an industrial enterprise, which are particularly relevant in a changing and crisis environment in which industrial enterprises operate, and also allows the enterprise to create and develop competitive products, maintain the required level of stability and efficiency. Prospects for further research. The further researches of the author will be devoted to this. Another direction of subsequent developments will be the development of methodological provision of risk management process in the activities of an industrial enterprise.

Derrida on Pornography: Putting (It) Up for Sale

Derrida Today ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Morris
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
English Translation ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Past ◽  
French Original ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Critical Discourses ◽  
Academic Debate

Over the past thirty years, academic debate over pornography in the discourses of feminism and cultural studies has foundered on questions of the performative and of the word's definition. In the polylogue of Droit de regards, pornography is defined as la mise en vente that is taking place in the act of exegesis in progress. (Wills's idiomatic English translation includes an ‘it’ that is absent in the French original). The definition in Droit de regards alludes to the word's etymology (writing by or about prostitutes) but leaves the referent of the ‘sale’ suspended. Pornography as la mise en vente boldly restates the necessary iterability of the sign and anticipates two of Derrida's late arguments: that there is no ‘the’ body and that performatives may be powerless. Deriving a definition of pornography from a truncated etymology exemplifies the prosthesis of origin and challenges other critical discourses to explain how pornography can be understood as anything more than ‘putting (it) up for sale’.

Ground of mechanism of pay in a budget for the pipelinetransporting of hydrocarbon commodities

2019 ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Adam Bodіuk
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
State Recognition ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Hydrocarbon Transport

The subject of the study is the mechanism for determining the fiscal fee forthe main transportation of hydrocarbon goods as a resource concept. The purposeof this article is to justify the nature and prospects of using, instead of currentrent, hydrocarbon fiscal-main income as a fiscal payment, which is brought intothe state budget by operators of the main hydrocarbon-transport system as business entities for their transportation of hydrocarbons and products of their processing through main pipelines appropriate to the economic requirements. Theresearch methodology is determined by a combination of methods: a) cognition:legal analysis (study of the regulatory framework for the use of rent); b) justification: abstract logical analysis (definition of the concepts of hydrocarbon fiscalmain income); c) generalization (substantiation of conclusions and proposals).Results of work. In the process of analyzing the regulatory legal acts that regulate the use of current annuity as payment to the budget for the main transportation of hydrocarbons, it was established that it is not a tax in the interpretationof PKU, since the essence does not meet the official definition of tax, does notmeet the accepted definition of the concept of rent. The accepted nature andmechanism of paying rent for the transportation of hydrogen resources and associated revenues of the state and users of the main hydrogen transport systemand the unpromising nature of its use as a fiscal payment are analyzed. Conclusions.It is proposed that the state pay for the territorial pumping of hydrocarbon resources according to our triple principle as hydrocarbon fiscal-main income, whichcorresponds to its essence, and accordingly change the mechanism for calculatingand depositing funds to treasury accounts. Since the funds come to the revenueside of the state budget, that is, inherently belong to state revenue. The creationof such a mechanism needs certain studies, justifications and government decisions. The same applies to land use, since the quality indicators of soils, wherethe laid pipelines are territorially different. In addition, there is a process ofchanging land for its intended purpose, for the property. The fee for movinghydrocarbon resources should be calculated depending on the type of transport,including pipelines, for a set of indicators: quantity and quality of goods, time,main tariffs and distance of its movement. The amount may be adjusted usingfactors officially established by the CMU. Since the pipelines are located in territorial lands, part of this fee should be transferred to the territorial local budgets.Theoretically, the economic use of trunk pipelines should be considered as a typeof economic environmental management. Therefore, this type of government revenue should be determined by a set of indicators, as well as taking into account the economic interests of business entities authorized by the CMU. Thus, theimplementation of our proposed fiscal payment is relevant, has scientific noveltyand promising practical significance, therefore, for state recognition it is proposedto include it in the Tax Code of Ukraine.

Evaluation of invulnerability of scale-free networks using total information of local sub-graph

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (08) ◽  
pp. 1850075
Author(s):  
Tingyuan Nie ◽  
Xinling Guo ◽  
Mengda Lin ◽  
Kun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Information ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Total Information ◽  
Scale Free Networks ◽  
Influential Nodes ◽  
Definition Of

The quantification for the invulnerability of complex network is a fundamental problem in which identifying influential nodes is of theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, we propose a novel definition of centrality named total information (TC) which derives from a local sub-graph being constructed by a node and its neighbors. The centrality is then defined as the sum of the self-information of the node and the mutual information of its neighbor nodes. We use the proposed centrality to identify the importance of nodes through the evaluation of the invulnerability of scale-free networks. It shows both the efficiency and the effectiveness of the proposed centrality are improved, compared with traditional centralities.

ПИТАННЯ МОВЛЕННЄВОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ В НАУКОВІЙ ЛІТЕРАТУРІ

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. О. Лапіна
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Definition Of

У статті здійснено аналіз різних позицій на визначення поняття «мовленнєва компетентність» у науковій літературі з лінгводидактики та психології.Ключові слова: мовленнєва компетентність/компетенція, мовна компетентність/компетенція.  Analysis of different points of view on the definition of `speech competence` in scientific literature on Linguodidactics and Psychology. Key words: speech competence/competency, language competence/competency.

DEEPFAKE AS A PHENOMENON OF POLITICAL COMMUNICATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
М. Falaleev ◽  
◽  
N. Sitdikova ◽  
Е. Nechay ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
Learning Programs ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

The development of digital technologies, coupled with progress in the development of self-learning programs based on AI (Artificial Intelligence), has obvious advantages in improving the effectiveness of information impact on people around the world. During the 2010s, researchers have documented trends in the use of artificial intelligence for the construction and distribution of media content to indirectly manipulate political discourse at the national and global levels. Special interest in the context of this issue is how the rapid development of AI technologies affects political communication. The object of consideration within the framework of this article is the deepfake technology. Based on this, as a subject, the authors define deepfake as a phenomenon of modern political communication. Accordingly, the purpose of the study is to describe and predict the impact of deepfake technology on political communication at the global and national levels. The paper presents the definition of deepfake, assesses its characteristics depending on the methods and purposes of its distribution, and analyzes the prospects for using this tool to influence political discourse in modern Russia. To study the subject field of the research, methods of systematizing theoretical data, classification, analysis of a set of factors and forecasting have been applied. The practical significance of the work is presented by the authors’ definition and typology of the phenomenon of deepfake and describes its significance as a factor of political communication on the example of a particular country. The results of the work will be useful for researchers studying the problems of digitalization of the media space and modern means of disinformation in politics, both at the local and global levels

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