scholarly journals Nominal and verbal number in Bilugu Opo

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-184
Author(s):  
Joshua A.G. Smolders
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Number Marking ◽  
Number Systems ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
General Number

Opo (a.k.a. Opuuo, Tʼapo [lgn]), a Koman language spoken in Ethiopia and South Sudan, has complex and interesting systems of both NOMINAL NUMBER and VERBAL NUMBER. This paper provides a description and analysis of these systems as found in the Bilugu dialect of Ethiopia, using Corbett's (2000) model of number systems as a theoretical framework. In Bilugu Opo, NOMINAL NUMBER marking is divided along the animacy hierarchy into two systems. The TOP SYSTEM, encompassing all human referents, marks singular ~ plural opposition via a variety of morphological strategies (lexical, derivational, and inflectional) and patterns (marked plural, marked singular, and both marked). The SECOND SYSTEM, encompassing all non-human referents, encodes GENERAL NUMBER. In the Opo verb system, VERBAL NUMBER (Corbett 2000) or PLURACTIONALITY (Newman 1990) is attested for just under half of verbs. These verbs can be organized into two groups: a large group which derive a plural stem through morpho-phonemic means (tone modification, vowel gemination, and reduplication) with unpredictable semantics, and a small group which derive a plural stem through lexical means (suppletion and stem alternation) with more predictable semantics.

scholarly journals Typology of number systems in languages of Western and Central Siberia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Lasse Däbritz
Keyword(s):  
Number System ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Linguistic Expression ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Contact Phenomenon ◽  
Central Siberia ◽  
Number Marking ◽  
Number Systems ◽  
General Number

This paper investigates the linguistic expression of number in seven languages from Western and Central Siberia. In a first step the number system of each language is described in detail, and afterwards the most relevant convergences and divergences of the languages are dealt with. Three particularly interesting phenomena are discussed in more detail: First, it is shown that the concept of general number, denoting noun forms underspecified for number, is able to account for a range of related phenomena (unmarked noun forms after numerals, nouns denoting paired objects). Second, singulatives in Selkup, Ket and partly Eastern Khanty are analyzed, whereby it is argued that their similar morphosyntactic and grammaticalization patterns allow for analyzing them as a contact phenomenon. Third, two splits on the animacy hierarchy between the first and second person in Dolgan as well as Chulym Turkic are presented. Finally, the results are evaluated against a broader areal-typological background, whereby it is shown that the category of number does not support any larger areal groupings within Western and Central Siberia, but that the analyzed languages rather adhere to patterns of number marking present all over Northern Eurasia.

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Matematika Bisnis Berbasis Komputer Untuk Mahasiswa Jurusan Akuntansi Politeknik Negeri Bali

Epigram ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
I Made Wijana ◽  
Anak Agung Putri Suardani ◽  
I Gede Made Karma
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Mathematics Teaching ◽  
Needs Analysis ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Initial Product ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Expert Validation

This research aims to produce prototype of computer-based business mathematics teaching materials to improve student achievement of Accounting Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali (PNB). In this research, to reach the target of teaching materials of computer-based business mathematics, the development using Borg and Gall method with some modifications into five steps: needs analysis and curriculum majoring in accounting, initial product development, education expert validation, small group trial , and large group trials. Trial of small group and large group by involving first semester student of Diploma IV Managerial Accounting Study Program, Accounting Department, PNB. Based on curriculum analysis and needs analysis, teaching materials are developed in the form of modules with Microsoft Excel application and the result of the initial product are five modules with topics of Formula, Linear and Non Linear Functions, Interest Calculation, Annuity, and Linear Programming. Education expert validation using five aspects resulted in an average score of 4.13 (good). Trial of the teaching materials by measuring student perceptions using three aspects for small groups resulted in an average score of 3.81 (good) and for large groups resulted in an average score of 4.23 (good). Furthermore, results of evaluation in large groups indicate a significant increase in mean of student scores from before and after using computer-based Business Mathematics teaching materials 

Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Matematika Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Proses dan Hasil Belajar di SMP

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rini Dian Anggraini ◽  
Titi Solfitri
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Lesson Plan ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Statistics And Probability ◽  
Group Trial

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran matematika untuk sekolah menengah pertama yaitu kurikulum Silabus, Rencana Pembelajaran dan Lembar Kerja Siswa 2013 tentang statistik dan probabilitas dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan oleh Borg dan Gall yang dimodifikasi oleh Sugiyono (2008) melalui langkah-langkah: (1) potensi dan masalah; (2) pengumpulan data; (3) desain produk; (4) validasi desain; (5) revisi desain; (6) uji coba kelompok kecil; (7) revisi produk; (8) uji coba kelompok besar; (9) revisi produk. Pada tahap potensi dan masalah, para peneliti melakukan analisis potensi dan masalah. Kemudian, peneliti mengumpulkan data yang diperlukan sebagai referensi untuk desain perangkat pembelajaran matematika yang akan dikembangkan. Desain perangkat pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan kemudian divalidasi oleh tiga validator dan direvisi berdasarkan saran validator. Hasil perancangan perangkat pembelajaran kemudian diujicobakan dalam uji coba kelompok kecil yang subjeknya 8 siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 23 Pekanbaru. Setelah dicoba dalam uji coba kelompok kecil, kemudian direvisi berdasarkan kuesioner dari siswa yang mengikuti uji coba kelompok kecil. Setelah itu, para peneliti melakukan uji coba dalam kelompok besar yang subjeknya adalah 39 siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 23 Pekanbaru, direvisi lagi dan disempurnakan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan diskusi data, perangkat pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan valid yang nilai untuk Silabus adalah 3,39, rata-rata nilai untuk 5 Rencana Pelajaran adalah 3,41. Nilai rata-rata untuk 5 Lembar Kerja Siswa adalah 3,34. Lembar Kerja Siswa yang telah dikembangkan adalah persyaratan praktis yang memenuhi syarat untuk digunakan oleh siswa sekolah menengah pertama.   This research aimed to develop mathematics learning device for junior high school that are Syllabus, Lesson Plan and Students Worksheet curriculum 2013 on statistics and probability by used problem based learning model. This research use development model by Borg and Gall modified by Sugiyono (2008) through the steps : (1) potentials and problems; (2) data collection; (3) design product; (4) validation of design; (5) revision of design; (6) small group trial; (7) revision of product; (8) large group trial; (9) revision of product. At potentials and problems stage, the researchers conducted analysis of potentials and problems. Then, researchers collect the necessary data as reference to design of mathematics learning device that will be developed. Design of learning device that had been developed then validated by three validators and revised based on validator suggestion. The result of learning device design and then try out in small group trial which subjects are 8 students of VII SMP Negeri 23 Pekanbaru. After try out in small group trial, then it revised based on questionnaire from the students who take the small group trial. After that, the researchers conducted try out in large group trial which subjects are 39 students of VII SMP Negeri 23 Pekanbaru, revised again and refined. Based on result of data analysis and discussion, learning device that had been developed is valid which value for Syllabus is 3,39, the average of value for 5 Lesson Plan are 3,41. The average of value for 5 Students Worksheet are 3,34. Students Worksheet that had been developed is qualify practical requirement to used by students of junior high school.

DESIGNING INTERACTIVE DIGITAL LEARNING MODULE IN BIOLOGY

TABULARASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenny Pintalitna ◽  
Herbet Sipahutar ◽  
Fauziyah Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Group Testing ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Digital Learning ◽  
Text Learning ◽  
Interactive Learning Environment ◽  
Learning Modules ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Learning Module ◽  
Medium Group

Interactive learning environment can substantially improve student learning and retention of key biology concepts. In this case report, we describe our approach for the design of interactive digital learning module to teach digestive system concepts in Grade 11 learners at SMAN 2 Balige with 180 subjects are selected according to total sampling method. The research method is the development with Dick and Carey model.  Subject of learning module assessment consists of two Biology matter experts, two learning module experts, one electronic media expert, three students for individual trials, ten students and teachers as small group testing, thirty students of SMAN 1 Berastagi for medium group testing, and 60 students of SMAN 2 Balige as large group testing. Quality data of product developed were collected using questionnaires. The results of developmental research showed that: (1) Module assessment by matter, learning modules and media experts were very decent criteria (88.30%, 93.98%, 88.25%); 2) Large group testing of interactive, electronic and text learning modules, respectively were 92.53%, 86.064%, 81.355% belong to very decent criteria; (3) Medium group testing respectively were 84.59%, 80.18%, 76.56% belong to decent criteria; (6) Small group testing respectively were 75.71%, 73.20%, 71.19% belong to decent criteria.

scholarly journals Fireside Chats: A Novel Wellness Initiative for Medical Students in the COVID-19 Era

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482110030
Author(s):  
Sean J Lee ◽  
Abdul Kader Natour ◽  
Sunil K Geevarghese
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Learning Communities ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Group Activities ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Depression Era

To supplement preexisting wellness programming for the surgery clerkship, a faculty surgeon at Vanderbilt initiated Fireside Chats (FC) in 2015. Inspired by Franklin Roosevelt’s Depression-era radio broadcasts, FC features small group sizes, off-campus excursions, and a reimagining of the mentor–mentee relationship that eschews hierarchy in favor of deep, mutualistic connections in both personal and professional domains. Here we describe the rationale and implementation of FC and present survey data that demonstrate the warm reception of FC and its efficacy in stewarding the mental health of medical students. Moreover, unlike large group activities such as “learning communities,” FC continues to meet in-person during COVID-19 and preserves social engagement opportunities that may alleviate pandemic-induced isolation and distress.

Plural marking on noun-associated forms

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-401
Author(s):  
Francesca Di Garbo
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Type ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Number Marking ◽  
Number Systems ◽  
Plural Marking ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Semantic Properties

AbstractNumber systems can be morphosemantic or morphosyntactic, based on whether number marking is restricted to nouns or also extends to noun-associated forms, such as adnominal modifiers, predicates, and pronouns. While it is well-known that asymmetries in the distribution of plural marking on nouns can be due to lexico-semantic properties such as animacy and/or inherent number, the question of whether these properties also affect patterns of plural agreement has been less broadly investigated. This paper examines the distribution of plural agreement in 24 Cushitic (Afro-Asiatic) languages. The number systems of the languages of the sample are classified into three types, ranging from radically morphosemantic (Type 1) to radically morphosyntactic (Type 2). A subset of languages displays a combination of morphosemantic and morphosyntactic strategies, and thus qualifies as a mixed type (Type 3). In these languages, the distribution of plural agreement is largely lexically-specified: nouns denoting groups, masses, and collections are more likely to trigger plural agreement than other types of nouns. These results thus show that, similarly to the nominal domain, the lexical semantics of nouns may also affect plural marking on noun-associated forms. Furthermore, in Cushitic, radically morphosemantic and radically morphosyntactic number systems appear to be diachronically connected to each other, with the latter seemingly evolving from the former, as testified by ongoing variation and change in some of the sampled languages. The relevance of these findings for understanding the typology and evolution of number systems is discussed.

Pengembangan Modul Bola Basket Berbasis Komik untuk Siswa Ekstrakurikuler Bola Basket Sekolah Dasar

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 863-871
Author(s):  
Josephine Adelia Putri Agape ◽  
Imam Hariadi ◽  
Prisca Widiawati
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Trial Design ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Product Evaluation ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Sports Science ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

Abstract: This study aims to develop a comic-based basketball module for basketball extracurricular students at SD Lesanpuro 4 in Malang City. The research model uses a procedural model adapted from the Lee and Owens procedure using 5 steps, namely: (1) needs analysis, (2) carrying out a design, (3) developing or developing a product, (4) implementation or implementation of activities, (5) evaluation or product evaluation. Product trials include: (1) Trial design, the trial design used is descriptive design. (2) Experimental subjects, the subjects used in this study were extracurricular students of SD Lesanpuro 4 Malang City, and the subject of media experts and learning experts was one of the lecturers from the Faculty of Sports Science. The small group trial subjects consisted of 5 students and the large group test subjects consisted of 15 students. (3) The type of data used is descriptive quantitative and descriptive qualitative. (4) The data collection instrument used in conducting this validation is a non-test in the form of a questionnaire. (5) The analysis technique in this study uses qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results of learning validation are 73 percent, and the results of media expert validation are 81 percent. While the results of small group trials obtained results of 89 percent and large group trials obtained results of 83.75 percent. Thus, the results of developing a comic-based basketball module for extracurricular students at SD Lesanpuro 4 in Malang City are very valid and can be applied to extracurricular basketball students at SD Lesanpuro 4, Malang City. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul bola basket yang berbasis komik untuk siswa ekstrakurikuler bola basket SD Lesanpuro 4 di Kota Malang. Model penelitian menggunakan model prosedural yang diadaptasi dari prosedur Lee dan Owens dengan menggunakan 5 langkah yaitu: (1) analisis kebutuhan, (2) melakukan sebuah desain, (3) development atau pengembangan sebuah produk, (4) implementation atau pelaksanaan kegiatan, (5) evaluation atau evaluasi produk. Uji coba produk meliputi: (1) Desain uji coba, desain uji coba yang digunakan adalah desain deskriptif. (2) Subjek coba, subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa ekstrakurikuler SD Lesanpuro 4 Kota Malang, dan subjek dari ahli media serta ahli pembelajaran merupakan salah satu dosen dari Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan. Subjek uji coba kelompok kecil terdiri 5 siswa dan subjek uji coba kelompok besar terdiri 15 siswa. (3) Jenis data yang digunakan berupa deskriptif kuantitatif dan deskriptif kualitatif. (4) Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam melakukan validasi ini yaitu non-tes yang berbentuk angket. (5) Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil validasi pembelajaran sebesar 73 persen, dan hasil validasi ahli media sebesar 81 persen. Sedangkan hasil uji coba kelompok kecil memperoleh hasil sebesar 89 persen dan uji coba kelompok besar memperoleh hasil sebesar 83,75 persen. Sehingga, hasil pengembangan modul bola basket berbasis komik untuk siswa ekstrakurikuler SD Lesanpuro 4 di Kota Malang sangat valid dan dapat diterapkan pada siswa ekstrakurikuler bola basket SD Lesanpuro 4 Kota Malang.

scholarly journals Analisis Persepsi Guru dan Siswa Kelas X SMA dalam Mengimplementasikan Video Materi Daur Ulang Limbah Plastik Menggunakan Sparkol Videoscribe

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ervan Johan Wicaksana ◽  
Pramana Atmadja
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Perceptions ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
The Media

Penggunaan video pembelajaran sebagai media pembelajaran diharapkan dapat membantu siswa dalam memahami materi, khususnya daur ulang limbah plastik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 6 Kota Jambi pada bulan Mei 2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analisis deskriptif dengan metode kuantitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat persepsi guru dan persepsi siswa dalam mengimplementasikan video pembelajaran biologi pada materi daur ulang limbah plastik menggunakan sparkol videoscribe. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan cara menyebar angket kepada siswa dan guru. Selanjutnya uji coba produk dilakukan pada 6 orang kelompok kecil, 26 orang siswa kelompok besar dan satu guru mata pelajaran biologi, sebelumnya dilakukan validasi media oleh ahli materi dan ahli media. Hasil validasi oleh ahli materi dengan persentase 81,25% dengan kategori “Sangat Baik” sedangan hasil validasi ahli media 93,75% dengan kategori “Sangat Baik”. Pada uji coba kelompok kecil memperoleh tanggapan 92,5% dengan kategori “sangat baik” sedangkan pada uji coba kelompok besar memperoleh tanggapan 87,2%. Persepsi guru bidang studi biologi memperoleh tanggapan 87,5% dengan kategori “sangat baik“ berdasarkan hal tersebut media layak digunakan. Kata Kunci: daur ulang limbah plastik, sparkol videoscribe, video pembelajaran The use of instructional videos as learning media is expected to help students understand the material, especially recycling plastic waste. This research was conducted at the 6th High School of Jambi City in May 2019. This type of research is a descriptive analysis research with quantitative methods. This study aims to look at teacher perceptions and student perceptions in implementing biology learning videos on plastic waste recycling material using sparkol videoscribe. Research data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to students and teachers. Furthermore, the product trial was conducted on 6 small group people, 26 large group students, and one biology subject teacher, before the media validation was done by the material expert and the media expert. The results of the validation by material experts with a percentage of 81.25% with the category "Very Good" while the results of the validation of the media experts 93.75% with the category "Very Good". In the small group trials, it received 92.5% responses in the "very good" category while in the large group trials it got 87.2% responses. Teachers' perceptions in the field of biological studies received 87.5% responses in the category of "very good" based on that the media was appropriate to use.

Self- and External Reinforcement in Production of Questions

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenell Dukes
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
The Self ◽  
Large Group ◽  
External Reinforcement ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
New Situation

Self-reinforcement by 74 children of age 5 yr. for asking questions in a small group with one trainer, then in a large group with another person showed the self-reinforcing children had learned to ask questions but the behavior did not transfer to the new situation.

Drivers' Brake Reaction Times

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Johansson ◽  
Kåre Rumar
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Correction Factor ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Large Group ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

The object of this investigation was to determine the distribution of brake reaction times which can be expected from drivers who have to brake suddenly and completely unexpectedly in traffic situations. The experiments were carried out as follows: 1. Brake reaction time was measured on a large group of drivers (321), in an anticipated situation on the road (Brake reaction time 1). 2. A small group of drivers (5) was repeatedly tested in the same way (Brake reaction time 2). 3. The same small group was repeatedly tested in a surprise situation (Brake reaction time 3). 4. The ratio of brake reaction time 3 to brake reaction time 2 was used as a correction factor and applied to brake reaction time 1. The corrected median of the resulting distribution was 0.9 sec.; 25% of the group was estimated to have a brake reaction time longer than 1.2 sec.

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