Prevalence of endoparasites and histopathological evaluation of intestine in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) from aquaculture pond in Janti, Polanharjo District, Klaten Regency

Parasitic disease in aquaculture brings a great challenge to fish production. Appropriate control measure and treatment can be carried out if farmers are equipped with sufficient information on the existence of infection and its consequences on fish health. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of endoparasites in the intestine of Nile tilapia (Oreochrois niloticus) and any histological changes associated with the infection. Forty fishes were collected using purposive sampling technique at two location of aquaculture ponds in Janti village from September to December 2019. Each sampling size consisted of 10% of the total fish population in the pond. Identification of parasites was performed based on their morphology according to the standard method. Three genera of nematodes were found from fishes cultured at aquaculture ponds from local farmers, but not from that of PBIAT (Hatchery and Freshwater Fish Aquaculture). The endoparasites were identified as Cichlidogyrus sp., Acanthocephalus sp., and Ceratomyxa sp. with prevalence of 25% and intensity of 1.2%. Histological sections of the intestine of fish infected with these parasites showed alteration in the mucosa layers, such as edema and extension of the mucosa. Information on the presence of endoparasites and its effect on nile tilapia culture is important for fish farmers because it can be used as reference to control fish parasites effectively.

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Responses of monosex nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to intraperitoneal challenge by Streptococcus iniae after vaccination with ghosts of the bacterium

Bangladesh Veterinarian ◽

10.3329/bvet.v29i1.11889 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 31-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M M M Hossain ◽

A Ehsan ◽

M A Rahman ◽

M B R Chowdhury ◽

M Haq

Keyword(s):

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Vaccine Candidate ◽

Cell Envelope ◽

Control Fish ◽

Streptococcus Iniae ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Vaccine Potential ◽

Serum Agglutination ◽

Promising Type

The vaccine potential of Streptococcus iniae ghosts produced by gene E mediated lysis was investigated using tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Tilapia immunized with S. iniae ghosts (SIG) and formalin killed S. iniae (FKC) vaccines showed significantly higher serum agglutination titres than control fish. Fish immunized with SIG showed no significant differences with fish immunized with FKC in serum agglutination titres, but showed significantly higher bactericidal activity than fish immunized with FKC. Furthermore, fish immunized with SIG showed higher protection than fish immunized with FKC. As this promising type of a non-living whole cell envelope preparation seems to be favorable over conventional vaccines, we suggest S. iniae ghosts as a new vaccine candidate DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bvet.v29i1.11889 Bangl. vet. 2012. Vol. 29, No. 1, 31-37

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Integrated multi-trophic culture of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Amazon river prawn (Macrobrachium amazonicum) in brackish water

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/1678-6788 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 265-273 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

G.G. Henry-Silva ◽

C.S.P. Maia ◽

R.S.T. Moura ◽

A.P. Bessa Junior ◽

W.C. Valenti

Keyword(s):

Brackish Water ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Amazon River ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Macrobrachium Amazonicum ◽

Total Fish

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of integrated multi-trophic culture of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Amazon River prawn (Macrobrachium amazonicum) in brackish water by evaluating its limnological characteristics and economic performance. The experiment was completely randomized with four treatments and four repetitions: control treatment with Nile tilapia only, stocked with 2 tilapias/m² (P2C0) and three integrated multi-trophic culture treatments stocked with 2 tilapias/m² and prawns at densities of 4, 8 and 16 prawns/m² (P2C04, P2C08 and P2C16, respectively). The limnological variables of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, ammonia, orthophosphate and chlorophyll "a" were evaluated and throughout the experiment remained within the limits recommended for culture. The experiment lasted 150 days with monthly animal sampling. No significant differences were observed for total fish biomass or for fish and prawn total survival rates. However, prawn individual weight decreased as stocking density increased. Gross revenue was not significantly different between treatments, as well as profitability. The profitability was 40.1% (P2C0), 36.7% (P2C04), 41.2% (P2C08) and 50.1% (P2C16). It is concluded that although feasible from the view point of husbandry, the integrated multi-tropic culture of M. amazonicum and O. niloticus did not influence significantly profitability compared to the monoculture system.

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Evaluation of The Use of Garlic (Allium sativum) in Enhancing Nonspecific Immune Response and Growth of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

e-Journal BUDIDAYA PERAIRAN ◽

10.35800/bdp.1.1.2013.719 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gercyana Marentek ◽

Henky Manoppo ◽

Sammy N.J Longdong

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Allium Sativum ◽

Control Fish ◽

Total Leukocyte Count ◽

Average Weight ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nonspecific Immune Response ◽

Phagocytosis Activity

The objective of this research was to examine the effect of garlic (Allium sativum) at different doses on nonspecific immune response and growth of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Experimental fish was nile tilapia measuring 8-15 cm with an average weight of 10.4 g per individual. Before used in the experiment, fish were reared in fiber tank for two weeks for acclimatization. After acclimatization, the fish were moved into glass aquarium (50 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm) at the density of 15 fish/aquarium. Each aquarium was equipped with aerator. Five doses of garlic as treatments used in this research consisted of A= 0 g/kg diet, B= 10 g/kg, C= 20 g/kg, D= 30 g/kg and E= 40 g/kg. Fish was fed experimental diet at a dose of 5% of body weight per day, twice a day at 08.00 and 17.00. Data collected at the end of the experiment included immune parameters (TLC and phagocytosis activity) and growth of fish. ANOVA was used to evaluate the effect of treatments on immune response and growth of fish while Duncan Test was used to evaluate the different effect between treatments. Research result showed that after four weeks of feeding, TLC of fish fed diet supplemented with garlic significantly different (p<0,01) as compared to that of control fish. The highest number of TLC was observed at treatment C (15.413x107 cell.ml-1) followed by treatment B (15.39x107 cell.ml-1), D (13,920 x 107 cell.ml-1), E (13,582 x 107 cell.ml-1) and A (12,195 x 107 cell.ml-1). TLC of fish in treatment C was different significantly compared to control as well as to other treatments. Phagocytosis activity of fish in treatment C also increased significantly (p<0,01) compared to control. The highest PA was achieved in treatment C and then treatment B, D, E and A. Growth of fish in treatment C was different significantly compared to control fish as well as other treatments. As conclusion, oral administration of garlic at 20 g/kg diet could enhance nonspecific immune response and growth of nile tilapia. Key words: Garlic, Immune response, Total leukocyte count , Phagocytosis activity, Growth

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The use of baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cereviciae) as immunostimulant to enhance resistance of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to Aeromonas hydrophila

AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT ◽

10.35800/jasm.0.0.2014.7300 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Usy N Manurung ◽

Henky Manoppo ◽

Reiny A Tumbol

Keyword(s):

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Baker’S Yeast ◽

Control Fish ◽

Bacterial Suspension ◽

Average Weight ◽

Pathogenicity Test ◽

Baker's Yeast ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Culture Development

The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of Baker’s Yeast S. cereviciae in enhancing the resistance of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to A. hydrophila. As many as 250 fish with an average weight of 28.78±2.44 g were obtained from Fish Culture Development and Training Center of Tateli. After acclimatization, the fish were fed pellet supplemented with Baker’s Yeast as treatments at five different doses, A=0 gr/kg feed, B=5 gr/kg feed, C=10 gr/kg feed, D=15 gr/kg feed, and E=20 gr/kg feed each of which was with three replications. They were fed for four weeks at 5%/BW/day, twice a day at 08.00 and 16.00, respectively. After feeding period, the fish were challenged intraperitoneally with A. hydrophila. Before injection, a pathogenicity test of bacteria A. hydrophila was conducted for LD50. Challenged test was carried out by injecting fish with 0.2 ml of bacterial suspension containing 5 x 106 cfu/ml. The fish resistance was observed for 14 days. Dead fish were taken out and bacterial isolation was performed to confirm the cause of the dead. Results showed that supplementation of Baker’s Yeast into fish pellet had significant effect on the fish resistance (p=0.00). The highest resistance (66.6%) was recorded in fish fed with pellet supplement of 5 g Baker’s Yeast per kg of pellet while control fish was only 50%. As conclusion, supplementation of Baker,s Yeast into fish pellet could enhance resistance of fish to the pathogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efikasi ragi roti S. cereviciae dalam meningkatkan resistensi ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus)terhadap bakteri patogen A. Hydrophila. Sebanyak 250 ekor ikan nila dengan berat awal rata-rata 28,78±2,44 g yang diambil dari Balai Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Pembudidayaan Ikan (BP3I) Tateli. Setelah aklimatisasi, ikan diberi ragi roti sebagai perlakuan dengan lima dosis berbeda dan masing-masing perlakuan memiliki tiga ulangan.Perlakuan ragi roti yang digunakan adalah A=0 gr/kg pakan, B=5 gr/kg pakan, C=10 gr/kg pakan, D=15 gr/kg pakan, E=20 gr/kg pakan. Lama pemberian pakan perlakuan empat minggu dengan dosis 5%/bb/hari dan diberikan 2 kali sehari yaitu Pukul 08.00 dan Pukul 16.00. Setelah diberikan ragi roti selama empat minggu ikan diuji tantang dengan bakteri A. Hidrophyla secara Intraperopeneal (ip). Sebelum penyuntikan, dilakukan uji patogenitas bakteri yang memberikan tingkat kematian 50% (LD50). Uji tantang dilakukan dengan cara menyuntikkan 0,2 ml suspensi bakteri pada kepadatan 5 x 106 cfu/ml (sesuai hasil uji patogenitas) pada rongga tubuh ikan. Pengamatan resistensi ikan akan dilakukan setiap hari selama 14 hari. Ikan mati dikeluarkan dan dilakukan isolasi bakteri untuk mengkonfirmasi penyebab kematian ikan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa pemberian ragi roti berpengaruh sangat nyata (P=0,00) pada resistensi ikan terhadap bakteri A. Hydrophila. Resistensi tertinggi dicapai pada ikan yang diberi perlakuan B (5 g/kg pakan) dengan tingkat resistensi mencapai 66,6%. Sedangkan ikan yang tidak diberi perlakuan ragi roti (control) memiliki resistensi 50 %. Sebagai kesimpulan penambahan ragi roti dalam pakan dapat meningkakan resistensi ikan terhadap infeksi pathogen.

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A blend of herbal essential oils enhanced the growth performance, blood bio-immunology traits, and intestinal health of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2021-0066 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Fawzy I. Magouz ◽

Mohammed T. Shehab El-Din ◽

Asem A. Amer ◽

Mahmoud S. Gewaily ◽

Wafaa A. El-Dahdoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Control Fish ◽

Phagocytic Index ◽

Immunoglobulin Level ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Final Weight ◽

Four Levels

Abstract Nile tilapia fed four levels (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 ml/kg) of a liquid blend of herbal essential oils (EOs) contains carvacrol, oregano, 1,8 cineol, thymol, pinene, pinene β, limonene, and propylene glycol for 60 days. The results showed higher final weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate (P<0.05) in fish delivered 0.25 and 0.5 ml EOs/kg than the control. However, the feed conversion ratio was markedly reduced in fish fed 0.5 and 1 ml EOs/kg (P<0.05). Lipase showed enhanced activity in fish subjected to a blend of EOs, while fish fed 0.5 ml/kg of EOs blend had higher amylase activity (P<0.05) than the other levels. Lysozyme activity and superoxide dismutase showed a higher value in fish received 0.5 ml EOs/kg. Additionally, phagocytic and catalase activities enhanced in fish received 0.5 and 1 ml/kg while phagocytic index enhanced in fish fed 1 ml/kg (P<0.05). Interestingly, the total immunoglobulin level was markedly higher, while malondialdehyde was lower in EOs-subjected fish (P<0.05) than in control. The histomorphology appearance of the intestine, liver, and spleen were enriched in EOs-treated fish comparing the control fish. In conclusion, the growth performance, feed efficiency, and blood bio-immunological indices of fish fed 0.5–1 ml of EOs blend per kg had the best performances.

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Role of Fucoidan on the Growth Behavior and Blood Metabolites and Toxic Effects of Atrazine in Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11051448 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1448

Author(s):

Abdel-Wahab A. Abdel-Warith ◽

Elsayed M. Younis ◽

Nasser A. Al-Asgah ◽

Mahmoud S. Gewaily ◽

Shaimaa M. El-Tonoby ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nile Tilapia ◽

Control Diet ◽

Morphological Structure ◽

Normal Structure ◽

Protective Role ◽

Control Fish ◽

Exposed Fish ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus

Waterborne herbicides are stressful agents that threaten the productivity and safety of finfish species. In this study, the toxicity impacts of atrazine (ATZ) and the protective role of fucoidan were investigated on the health performance of Nile tilapia. For 40 days, the total number of 180 Nile tilapia was assigned in four groups (triplicates, 15 fish/replicate), where the first (control) and third groups were offered the control diet, while the second and fourth groups were offered a fucoidan (FCN). Further, in the third and fourth groups, the water was mixed with atrazine (ATZ) at 1.39 mg/L daily. The growth rate, FCR, and survival rate were markedly enhanced by fucoidan but severely declined by ATZ exposure (p < 0.05). The morphological structure of the intestine in the control fish revealed normal structure, while fucoidan-treated groups showed eminent enhancement and branching of the intestinal villi. The intestine of ATZ-treated fish revealed deterioration and the intestinal mucosa, inflammatory cell infiltration, and separation of lining epithelium. The highest Hb, PCV, RBCs, WBCs, total protein, and albumin were observed in Nile tilapia fed fucoidan, but the worst values were seen in ATZ-intoxicated fish (p < 0.05). The liver-related enzymes (ALT and AST) and kidney function (urea and creatinine) showed impaired values by ATZ toxicity and were regulated by dietary fucoidan. Meanwhile, fish fed fucoidan and exposed to ATZ had lower total cholesterol and triglyceride values than fish exposed to ATZ without fucoidan feeding (p < 0.05). The SOD, CAT, GPx, cortisol, and glucose levels were increased in ATZ-exposed fish and reduced by fucoidan (p < 0.05). However, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced in fucoidan-fed fish and increased in ATZ-exposed fish (p < 0.05). Altogether, dietary fucoidan is required in fish diets to alleviate the impacts of ATZ-induced toxicity.

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The Effect of Stocking Density and Carbon Sources on the Oxidative Status, and Nonspecific Immunity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared under Biofloc Conditions

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11010184 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 184

Author(s):

Ramy M. Shourbela ◽

Shymaa A. Khatab ◽

Mohamed M. Hassan ◽

Hien Van Doan ◽

Mahmoud A. O. Dawood

Keyword(s):

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Control Fish ◽

Control Groups ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Fish Group

The present study investigated the effect of stocking density and dietary carbon sources on the water quality, oxidative status, and immune-related genes of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared under biofloc conditions (BFT). Eight groups were established at two levels of stocking densities (140 fish per m3: low stocking density, LSD) and (280 fish per m3: high stocking density, HSD) (5.15 ± 1.12 g) and kept in eight biofloc units containing water without carbon sources (control groups) or with glycerol, molasses, or starch. Red blood cells count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values were reduced in fish stocked in control groups at LSD and HSD than biofloc groups. Control fish groups reared at both LSD and HSD have the highest significant (p < 0.05) white blood cells number than other fish groups. Meanwhile, fish groups that received glycerol, molasses, and starch maintained in both LSD and HSD presented a higher significant (p < 0.05) monocyte % than in the control group reared at both LSD and HSD. The fish group reared in biofloc conditions (BFT) using starch carbon source and reared at the HSD presented a significantly higher (p < 0.05) increase in total serum protein and albumin levels as well as globulin value than the control fish group reared at both LSD and HSD. The highest glucose and cortisol levels were showed in the control fish group reared at both LSD and HSD. Fish maintained in glycerol-based biofloc at LSD attained the highest (p < 0.05) serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and catalase than other experimental groups. Regarding the nonspecific immune status, significantly increased expression of CC-chemokines, CXC-chemokines, TLR7 and IL-8 genes was found in molasses based biofloc groups. The data of the present study revealed that using molasses promotes health status of Nile tilapia cultured in a biofloc system.

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Characterization of Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis isolated from Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus farmed in Lake Yojoa, Honduras

Diseases of Aquatic Organisms ◽

10.3354/dao03333 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 133 (2) ◽

pp. 141-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E Soto ◽

K Shahin ◽

JJ Talhami ◽

MJ Griffin ◽

A Adams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus

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The effect of vaccination in controling bacterial disease caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT ◽

10.35800/jasm.0.0.2014.7302 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Arne A Ratulangi ◽

Reiny Tumbol ◽

Hengky Manoppo ◽

Henneke Pangkey

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Bacterial Disease ◽

Immersion Method ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Different Ages ◽

Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia

This study aims to apply vaccination against bacterial disease. The purpose of vaccination is to trigger the immune respone both non-specific and specific of fish against bacteria Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (MAS) caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. The vaccination for fish with different ages: 2-3 weeks and 5 weeks were done using immersion method. The fish were re-vaccinated (booster) after two weeks of the first vaccination. The survival rate was < 50 % for juveniles 2-3 weeks and > 50% for juveniles 5 weeks. Survival rate for juveniles 5 weeks was higher than juveniles of 2-3 weeks. This shows that organs of juveniles of 5 weeks were more complete than the 2-3 weeks juveniles. The age of fish is one of the important factors for successfully vaccination. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan penerapan vaksinasi terhadap penyakit bakterial. Vaksinasi ditujukan untuk merangsang respon kekebalan non- spesifik dan spesifik pada tubuh ikan terhadap penyakit Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (MAS) yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila. Vaksin diberikan pada benih ikan nila yang berbeda umur yaitu 2-3 minggu dan 5 minggu dengan menggunakan metode perendaman. Ikan divaksinasi ulang (booster) setelah 2 (dua) minggu dari vaksinasi yang pertama. Prosentase kelangsungan hidup < 50 % untuk benih umur 2-3 minggu dan > 50% untuk benih umur 5 minggu. Jumlah kematian benih umur 2-3 minggu lebih tinggi dari 5 minggu. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa fungsi organ benih umur 5 minggu telah lebih lengkap dari pada benih umur 2-3 minggu. Umur ikan merupakan salah satu faktor penting penentu keberhasilan suatu kegiatan vaksinasi.

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