scholarly journals RESEARCH OF APPLYING ISF TECHNOLOGY ON PVC PLASTIC SHEET TO MANUFACTURING SOME NORMAL PRODUCTS

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Nang Van Nguyen ◽  
Nam Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Dien Khanh Le ◽  
Binh Thien Nguyen ◽  
Tu Minh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Processing Time ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Technical Requirement ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Plastic Sheet ◽  
Short Processing Time ◽  
Plastic Forming ◽  
Forming Methods ◽  
Plastic Products ◽  
Over Time

Market demand is always changing over time especially for plastic products. Therefore it is necessary to create sample models in the meaning of single or small-batch production which is expected with short processing time, lower cost and operating simply but also meet the technical requirement. This paper presents a research of applying ISF process on PVC plastic sheet to manufacturing sample models and small-batch products. There is also a comparison of economic efficiency between ISF technology and traditional plastic forming methods.

scholarly journals Variation in the prices of oncology medicines across Europe and the implications for the future

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
Brian Godman ◽  
Steven Simoens ◽  
Amanj Kurdi ◽  
Gisbert Selke ◽  
John Yfantopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Patent Protection ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Oral Oncology ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Ageing Populations

Introduction/Objectives: Health authorities are facing increasing challenges to the sustainability of their healthcare systems because of the growing expenditures on medicines, including new, high-priced oncology medicines, and changes in disease prevalence in their ageing populations. Medicine prices in European countries are greatly affected by the ability to negotiate reasonable prices. Concerns have been expressed that prices of patented medicines do not fall sufficiently after the introduction of lower-cost generic oncology medicines. The objective of this study was to examine the associations over time in selected European countries between the prices of oral oncology medicines, population size, and gross domestic product (GDP) before and after the introduction of generic versions. Evidence of periodic reassessments of the price, value, and place in treatment of these medicines was also looked for. The goal of this review was to stimulate debate about possible improvements in approaches to reimbursement negotiations. Methodology: Analysis was performed of reimbursed prices of three oral oncology medicines (imatinib, erlotinib and fludarabine) between 2013 and 2017 across Europe. Correlations were explored between GDP, population size, and prices. Findings were compared with previous research regarding prices of generic oral oncology medicines. Results: The prices of imatinib, erlotinib and fludarabine varied among European countries, and there was limited price erosion over time in the absence of generics. There appeared to be no correlation between population size and price, but higher prices of on-patent oral cancer medicines were seen among countries with higher GDP per capita. Conclusion: Limited price erosion for patented medicines contributed to increases in oncology medicine budgets across the region. There was also a concerning lack of evidence re-assessments of the price, value, and place in treatment of patented oncology medicines following the loss of patent protection of standard medicines. The use of such proactive re-assessments in negotiating tactics might positively impact global expenditures for oncology medicines.

Process Optimization for Suction Plastic Forming of In-Mold Decoration Plastic Sheet with CAE

2010 ◽  
Vol 102-104 ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Bin Gao ◽  
Xiu Rong Nan ◽  
Bai Zhong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Process Optimization ◽  
Thin Shell ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Optimization Scheme ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Plastic Sheet ◽  
Mesh Model ◽  
Plastic Forming

The suction plastic forming process for in-mold decoration plastic sheet has been the best process for thin-shell plastic exterior decoration parts. But the suction plastic forming products still suffers from the uneven thickness. Based on the general finite element analysis software POLYFLOW for viscoelastic fluid, a set of optimization methods for suction plastic forming process of in-mold decoration plastic sheet is introduced in this paper to reduce the uneven level of thickness. These methods include establishing process optimization scheme, building mesh model, selecting the material constitutive model and determining its parameters, imposing boundary conditions and blowing pressure, and applying the mold movement. Finally, the optimized suction plastic forming process is used to produce the in-mold decoration plastic rear bumper sample of an automobile, and the results show that optimized process is effective and applicable.

scholarly journals USULAN PENJADWALAN PRODUKSI PRODUK ST 37777 PT EBAKO NUSANTARA PADA DEPARTEMEN SMOOTHMILLING UNTUK MEMINIMASI MAKESPAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Mellysa Asmawar
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Job Scheduling ◽  
Makespan Minimization ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Short Processing Time ◽  
Jobshop Scheduling ◽  
Machine Work

AbstrakProses produksi ST 37777 di PT Ebako Nusantara menggunakan jadwal yang didasarkan oleh proses-proses yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan data historis yang telah ada dari proses produksi yang telah dilakukan. PT Ebako Nusantara merupakan industri manufaktur yang bergerak di bidang furnitur yang berlokasi di Terboyo, Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Dalam proses produksi ST 37777, terdapat 11 mesin dan 16 job dimana setiap job memiliki urutan mesin yang berbeda. Penjadwalan yang ada untuk produk tipe ST 37777 dengan tipe jobshop belum menerapkan suatu ketetapan dalam penentuan waktu dan urutan pengerjaan mesin yang efektif sehingga masih banyak job yang selesai terlambat. Untuk itu diperlukan suatu penjadwalan mesin yang efektif sehingga dapat memenuhi waktu produksi pesanan sesuai dengan yang telah disepakati. Penjadwalan jobshop diperlukan untuk memaksimumkan efisiensi dan utilitas sumber daya di lantai produksi. Penentuan jadwal mesin ini bertujuan meminimasi makespan dengan menggunakan Software WINQSB modul job schedulling. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Short Processing Time. Hasil penjadwalan menggunakan Software WINQSB diperoleh makespan menjadi 15 jam dengan hasil penjadwalan tersebut tidak ada job yang terlambat dan semua job dikerjakan berurutan. AbstractThe production process of ST 37777 in PT Ebako Nusantara uses a schedule based on the processes performed using existing historical data from the production process that has been done. PT Ebako Nusantara is a manufacturing industry engaged in furnitur located in Terboyo, Semarang, Central Java. In the production process ST 37777, there are 11 machines and 16 jobs where each job has a different sequence of machines. The existing scheduling for ST 37777 type product with jobshop type has not been applied a determination in the timing and sequence of effective machine work so that many jobs are finished too late. For that required an effective engine scheduling so that it can meet the production time of orders in accordance with the agreed. Jobshop scheduling is needed to maximize efficiency and resource utilities on the production floor. Determination of this machine schedule aims to minimize the makespan using WINQSB Software job scheduling module. The method used is the method of Short Processing Time. The scheduling result using WINQSB software obtained makespan to 15 hours with scheduling result no job is late and all job done in sequence. Keywords: Jobshop Scheduling; Short Processing Time; Makespan Minimization

scholarly journals A novel synthetic-genetic-array–based yeast one-hybrid system for high discovery rate and short processing time

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1343-1351
Author(s):  
Chung-Shu Yeh ◽  
Zhifeng Wang ◽  
Fang Miao ◽  
Hongyan Ma ◽  
Chung-Ting Kao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid System ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Synthetic Genetic Array ◽  
Short Processing Time

scholarly journals Charity vs. government health care

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Gilbert Berdine
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Marginal Utility ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Government Health ◽  
Relief Of Suffering ◽  
Sustainable Health ◽  
Over Time

Part 3 of this series on sustainable health care discusses charity as a market phenomenon. Charity is explained as a result of the Law of Marginal Utility and the limitation of scare resources. Charity is contrasted with government health care or public health care. Charity and government health care are driven by different incentives. Charities compete for limited donations leading to improved relief of suffering at lower cost over time. Government health care acts like all monopolies and delivers a declining quality of output at ever increasing cost.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS PRODUKSI MELALUI PENERAPAN THEORY OF CONSTRAINT, PENJADWALAN MESIN PARALEL DAN BOTTLENECK SCHEDULING PADA PERUSAHAAN SHEET METAL WORK

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Nur Indah Suci ◽  
Nora Azmi ◽  
Sumiharni Batubara
Keyword(s):  
Processing Time ◽  
Parallel Machines ◽  
Job Scheduling ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Theory Of Constraints ◽  
Job Sequencing ◽  
Short Processing Time ◽  
Current Production ◽  
Scheduling Method ◽  
Theory Of Constraint

<p>This study aims to increase the production capacity of the server rack 08U Type Double ASeries<br />Wallmounted BRI on company X. Current production did not reached the expected target of<br />117 units / week because of the bottleneck workstation. The study began by identifying the bottleneck<br />workstation using the Theory of Constraints (TOC). The result of identification process showed two<br />bottleneck work stations, that are work station Punching and Ovencoating. The production capacity<br />was improved by performing the steps as follows: 1) Add 1 machine at punching station, 2) perform<br />job scheduling on parallel machines at punching station using Short Processing Time (SPT) criteria;<br />3) perform job sequencing on bending station using Weighted Shortest Processing Time (WSPT)<br />criteria; 4 ) adds overtime at ovencoating stations, and 5) implementing bottleneck scheduling method<br />to sequence all jobs. The Results of this study showed that makespan was reduced by 12.03% and<br />production capacity increased by 41.9% so that the production target of 117% can be achieved.</p>

scholarly journals New Metrics for Spatial and Temporal 3D Urban Form Sustainability Assessment Using Time Series Lidar Point Clouds and Advanced GIS Techniques

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Shirowzhan ◽  
John Trinder ◽  
Paul Osmond
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Over Time

Monitoring sustainability of urban form as a 3D phenomenon over time is crucial in the era of smart cities for better planning of the future, and for such a monitoring system, appropriate tools, metrics, methodologies and time series 3D data are required. While accurate time series 3D data are becoming available, a lack of 3D sustainable urban form (3D SUF) metrics, appropriate methodologies and technical problems of processing time series 3D data has resulted in few studies on the assessment of 3D SUF over time. In this chapter, we review volumetric building metrics currently under development and demonstrate the technical problems associated with their validation based on time series airborne lidar data. We propose new metrics for application in spatial and temporal 3D SUF assessment. We also suggest a new approach in processing time series airborne lidar to detect three-dimensional changes of urban form. Using this approach and the developed metrics, we detected a decreased volume of vegetation and new areas prepared for the construction of taller buildings. These 3D changes and the proposed metrics can be used to numerically measure and compare urban areas in terms of trends against or in favor of sustainability goals for caring for the environment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of paper straws versus plastic straws: Development of a methodology for testing and understanding challenges for paper straws

BioResources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 8345-8363
Author(s):  
Joseph N. Gutierrez ◽  
Aidan W. Royals ◽  
Hasan Jameel ◽  
Richard A. Venditti ◽  
Lokendra Pal
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Straw Quality ◽  
Consumer Demands ◽  
Plastic Products ◽  
Over Time

New alternatives to plastic straws are being considered due to consumer demands for sustainability and recent changes in government policies and regulations, such as bans on single-use plastic products. There are concerns regarding paper straw quality and stability over time when in contact with beverages. This study evaluated the performance and properties of commercially available paper straws and their counterpart plastic straws in various intended applications. The physical, mechanical, and compositional characteristics, as well as the liquid interaction properties of the straws, were determined. The paper straws were composed mainly of hardwood fibers that were hard sized with a hydrophobic sizing agent to achieve a contact angle of 102° to 125°. The results indicated that all the evaluated paper straws lost 70% to 90% of their compressive strength after being in contact with the liquid for less than 30 min. Furthermore, the paper straws absorbed liquid at approximately 30% of the straw weight after liquid exposure for 30 min. Increased liquid temperatures caused lower compressive strengths and higher liquid uptake in the paper straws. This report provides directions and methods for testing paper straws and defines current property limitations of paper straws relative to plastic straws.

Relations Between Variables and Trends Over Time in Rdd Telephone and Nonprobability Sample Internet Surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-61
Author(s):  
Josh Pasek ◽  
Jon A Krosnick
Keyword(s):  
Data Streams ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Telephone Surveys ◽  
Internet Surveys ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
Nonprobability Sample ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Survey researchers today can choose between relatively higher-cost probability sample telephone surveys and lower-cost surveys of nonprobability samples of potential respondents who complete questionnaires via the internet. Previous studies generally indicated that the former yield more accurate distributions of variables, but little work to date has explored the impact of mode and sampling on associations between variables and trends over time. The current study did so using parallel surveys conducted in 2010 focused on opinions, events, behavioral intentions, and behaviors involving that year’s Decennial Census. A few comparisons indicated that the two data streams yielded similar results, but the two methods frequently yielded different results, often strikingly so, and the results yielded by the probability samples seem likely to be the more accurate ones.

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