scholarly journals EXPLORE THE EFFECT OF SMOKING ON THE VEP RESPONSE AMONG SMOKERS: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjana Kumari ◽  
Rajiv Ranjan Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Visual Evoked Potential ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Visual Evoke Potential ◽  
Evoke Potential ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Control Study

Aim: to explore the effect of smoking on the VEP response among smokers. Materials and Methods: The present prospective case-control study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Neta Ji Subhash Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar. Age matched 100 male smokers and 100 male non smokers were recruited. Data was statistically analyzed. Results: The male subjects selected with mean age of 45.76 years. Visual evoked potential was affected in smokers with prolongation of latency and decrease in amplitude of P100 in both the eyes than non smokers, with is statistically highly significant. Conclusion: concluded that Visual Evoke Potential was affected in smokers with prolongation of latency and decrease in amplitude of P100 in both the eyes when compared to non smokers. Keywords: Smokers, VEP, P100, Latency

scholarly journals Reliability and repeatability of testing visual evoked potential habituation in migraine: A blinded case–control study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ambrosini ◽  
Gianluca Coppola ◽  
Ennio Iezzi ◽  
Francesco Pierelli ◽  
Jean Schoenen
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Visual Evoked Potentials ◽  
Visual Evoked Potential ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Episodic Migraine ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Visual Evoked

Background Many studies have shown that migraine patients have an interictal habituation deficit of visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Some discordant results were attributed to non-blinded analyses and a lack of repeatability. Aims In this study, we compared blinded and non-blinded analyses of the same recordings and assessed test–retest repeatability. Methods VEP recordings of 25 healthy volunteers (HVs) and 78 episodic migraine patients (EMs; 52 interictal, 26 ictal) were analysed by two investigators, one of whom was blinded to diagnosis and headache phase. Twelve HVs and nine EMs had two recordings for test repeatability. Results In both blinded and non-blinded analyses, VEP habituation was normal in HVs and EMs during an attack, but deficient in EMs interictally. Intra-individual habituation percentages were highly correlated in two recordings separated by ≥7 days. Conclusions The studies showing a VEP habituation deficit in migraineurs between attacks are unlikely to be biased by non-blinding analysis or poor repeatability.

scholarly journals A one year case control study on oxytocin use in labor and its effect on maternal: fetal outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Devendra Singh Kushwah ◽  
Beenu Kushwah
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Oxytocin Augmentation ◽  
One Year ◽  
Control Study

Background: Oxytocin is a drug commonly administered drug to a pregnant lady during labor, nowadays even without an indication, in the hope that the progress of labor can be improved and the need for cesarean delivery may be reduced. This study emphasizes the need for using safeguards like use of checklists before starting oxytocin augmentation, therefore ensuring its rational use to minimize maternal and neonatal complications when augmenting labor with oxytocin, including rigorous indications, use of minimal useful dose and careful efficacy evaluation.Methods: This is a retrospective, Case-Control, descriptive and analytical study. Study population included women delivering in labor room of Gandhi Memorial Hospital associated with Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa, from July 2015 to June 2016, then after data were compiled and assessed in department of pharmacology G.R. Medical College, Gwalior.Results: Results show that the use of oxytocin in labor stimulation can be detrimental to both the mother and the newborn, since they indicate that the use of oxytocin is associated with increased cesarean section rates both in primiparous and multiparous. Furthermore, it was also observed, a significant association between stimulation with oxytocin and low Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes both, of the newborns.Conclusions: Therefore, it may conclude that stimulation with oxytocin should not be used without any indication, but only in very specific cases, in which its use is particularly necessary. These results provide to health professionals a better understanding of the effects of the use of oxytocin during labor, which can be useful for decision-making in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Association of Ankle Brachial Pressure Index (ABPI) in Patients with Ischemic Stroke: A Case-Control Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Mohammad Selim Shahi ◽  
Aminur Rahman ◽  
Md Shaheen Wadud ◽  
Ak Takib Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Uttam Kumar Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Control Study

Background: Several epidemiological studies have identified the association of abnormal ABPI with ischemic stroke. So the goal of this study was to determine the actual relationship of ABPI with ischemic stroke in the context of our country. Materials and Methods: This case control study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. ABPI was measured by Doppler ultrasound machine of 100 patients who were admitted to the Mitford Hospital during the study period. Among them 50 patients with Ischemic stroke, confirmed by CT/MRI scan of brain were considered as ‘case’ and 50 age- sex matched individuals with one or more vascular risk factors (VRF) but without stroke were considered as ‘control’. Then the results of ABPI were compared between the two groups. Results: Among the 50 patients with ischemic stroke (case group) , 74% had normal ABPI and 26% had ABPI< 0.9; on the other hand among 50 age and sex matched individuals (control group) 90% had normal ABPI and 10% had ABPI <0.9. The difference was statistically significant between two groups (p=<0.05).This association remained significant even after adjustment for potential confounders (age, gender, high BMI, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking, ischemic heart disease and family history) in a multiple logistic regression model. Conclusion: The incidence of low ABPI is significantly higher in ischemic stroke patients than the age- sex matched control. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2013; Vol. 29 (1) : 31-42

scholarly journals A study to assess efficacy of lower dose ketamine in labor analgesia and its effect on maternal and perinatal outcome

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavita N. Singh ◽  
Nivedita Tamta
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance Dose ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Labor Analgesia ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Active Labor ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Intravenous Ketamine ◽  
Control Study

Background: Present study is planned to study the effectiveness of lower dose ketamine in labor analgesia and its effect on progression of labor, maternal and perinatal outcome.Methods: After obtaining ethical approval from institutional ethical committee, a prospective randomized interventional case control study was conducted in Department of obstetrics and gynecology, N.S.C.B medical college, Jabalpur. Parturient in active labor without risk factors were given 0.2 mg/kg intravenous ketamine in bolus form and 0.1 mg/kg in maintenance dose at 30 minutes interval till full dilatation and the results were analyzed using VAS scale and WHO partogram.Results: In present study, 280 parturient were included in the study. In 140 cases, induction-delivery interval was shortened in 47.10% cases. Pain relief was satisfactory (VAS 2-8) in 77.90% cases. However, 80.70% cases had transient light headedness. Overall satisfaction was significantly high in the intervention group (P<0.001).Conclusions: A lower dose ketamine in bolus form with loading dose of 0.2 mg/kg followed by maintenance dose of 0.1 mg/kg could provide safe and acceptable analgesia during labor and delivery.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Risk Factors and Microalbumiuria for Ischaemic Stroke : A Case Control Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Md Shaheen Wadud ◽  
Aminur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Selim Shahi ◽  
Uttam Kumar Saha ◽  
AK Takib Uddin Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

Background: Epidemiologic studies have reported that microalbuminuria is a risk factor for stroke in men and a limited case control study found that the highest quintile of microalbuminuria values was associated with 13 fold increased risk for stroke. The goal of this study is designed to determine its relationship to risk factors for ischemic stroke. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Neurology, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Fifty consecutive patients with ischemic stroke with at least two risk factors who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of case were confirmed by CT or MRI. Equal number of controls same ages without stroke who had at least two risk factors were compared with the case group. The patients were assessed clinically with structured questionnaire including blood pressure, height and weight, and monitoring blood glucose and microalbuminuria. Results: Microalbuminuria was found 58.0% in patients with ischemic stroke. Patients who had diabetes mellitus will have 13.86 times the risk for developing microalbuminuria (p<0.05). Patients who had HTN will have 4.19 times the risk for developing microalbuminuria (p<0.05) and BMI (?23 kg/m2) will have 4.24 times the risk for developing microalbuminuria with (p<0.05). Whereas TIA, IHD, dyslipidemia, smoking and positive family history were not significantly (P>0.05) associated with microalbuminuria in patients with ischemic stroke. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that diabetes is the factor most closely associated with microalbuminuria followed by HTN and BMI?23 kg/m2 with statistically significance in patients with ischemic stroke. Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal Volume 12, Issue 3, September 2013: 37-43

scholarly journals Common Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness Reflects the Cumulative Burden of Atherosclerosis and Predicted Well by Total-C/HDL-C Ratio in Type-II Diabetic Patients- A Case Control Study Based from Kolkata, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Tanmay Jyoti Sau ◽  
Sandip Kumar Dey ◽  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Utpal Kumar Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Control Study

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is frequently associated with the development of premature atherosclerotic vascular disease and is the major cause of morbidity and mortality. Approximately 80% of all deaths and more than 75% of all hospitalizations are due to CAD. Individuals with DM are usually associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. Common Carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCAIMT) is now also considered as a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted from Jan, 2011 to June, 2012 among Type-II diabetes, aged between 30-80yrs. Patients with Type-I diabetes, aged <30yrs or >80yrs and other secondary causes of diabetes, hypertensive, smokers and patients under therapy with lipid lowering drugs were excluded from this study. The biochemical tests were done in the department of Biochemistry, Nilratan Sarkar Medical College and Hospital, using standardized reagent kits. CCAIMT was measured by high resolution imaging using 10MHz transducer in the department of Radiodiagnosis, Nilratan Sarkar Medical College and Hospital. Results: The results of our study indicate that dyslipidemic diabetic patients had significantly higher blood glucose at any phase along with glycated haemoglobin compared to controls. The lipid variables were also significantly higher in the diabetes patients with dyslipidemia compared to controls except HDL levels were significantly higher in control. CCAIMT was higher in the dyslipidemic group (1.71 ± 0.57mm) compared to the non-dyslipidemic group (0.77 ± 0.10) which was statistically significant (p value <0.001). Conclusion: CCAIMT reflects the cumulative burden of atherosclerosis and is highly correlated and predicted well by Total-C/HDL-C ratio in Type-II diabetic patients. So it is advised that a direct examination of the vessel wall is extremely essential for early detection of the affected individuals so that the cost burden in Intensive coronary care unit can be minimized and also the individual can be advised to control the extensive dyslipidemia through dietary restrictions and exercise. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i1.8450 Asian Journal of Medical Science Vol.5(1) 2014 pp.9-14

scholarly journals Genetic Polymorphism of NAT2 Gene and its Association with Prostate Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
A Nesa ◽  
MT Rahman ◽  
Y Kabir ◽  
FA Rupam
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Slow Acetylator ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Acetylator Genotype ◽  
Nat2 Gene ◽  
Metabolizing Enzyme ◽  
Control Study

A N acetyltransferases 2 (NAT2) is one of the phase II metabolizing enzyme that participate in the bioconversion of heterocyclic arylamines into electrophilic nitrenium ions, which are important ultimate carcinogens that are directly implicated in tumor initiation process. Prostate epithelial cell express N acetyltransferases (NAT) enzymes and recent molecular epidemiological studies have analyzed the relationship between NAT2 in etiology of prostate cancer. A review by chen (2001) in prostate cancer (PCa) suggests that the frequencies of some polymorphisms in certain genes differ among different racial and ethnic groups. In a case control study in India by Srivastava and Mittal (2005), observed significant association between rapid acetylator genotype NAT2 and PCa in tobacco users (OR = 3.43, 95% CI: 1.68-7.02, p< 0.001) when compared with controls. Hamasaki et al (2003) in Japanese men, observed the frequency of the NAT slow acetylator genotype was statistically higher among prostate cancer patients (17.1%) compared with controls (8.6%). Another case control study in Turkey by Kosova et al. (2009), concluded that Nat2* 6A and NAT2 *7A/B gene polymorphism were significantly associated with prostate cancer. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v5i2.21131 Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 5, No. 2: July 2014, Pages 39-42

scholarly journals COVID-19 and anosmia: A case control study in Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir Pakistan.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (06) ◽  
pp. 772-778
Author(s):  
Syed Manzoor Iqbal ◽  
Faisal Bashir ◽  
M. Kaleem ◽  
Sidra Aslam ◽  
Ejaz Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Isolation Ward ◽  
Study Setting ◽  
Control Study

Objective: The study aims to find the symptoms of COVID-19 in the population of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. It will then correlate the symptoms observed to the COVID-19 patients based on their day of monitoring. Study Design: Case-control study. Setting: Hospitals of Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Period: April 2019 to Dec 2020. Material & Methods: It was carried out in order to estimate the patients of COVID-19 with the symptoms of anosmia. Patients visiting the hospitals in the vicinity of Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir for their COVID-19 related symptoms were included in the study Sampling of the patients was done in the DHQT-H, Mirpur for the patients visiting the hospital and also from those who were isolated in Mohiuddin Islamic Medical college isolation ward. Demographic data was obtained. Day of PCR testing and their results were recorded for further statistical analysis of the prevailing symptoms in the population. Results: Most of the male population visited the hospitals with most COVID positive results and prevalence of anosmia within age group of 30-45 years. The affected regions were mostly Bhimbar and Mirpur. Conclusion: A high prevalence of COVID-19 symptoms particularly anosmia was observed in the middle-aged population of Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

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