scholarly journals Automatic Packaging Machine

2021 ◽  
pp. 342-347
Author(s):  
Prof. S. B. Mandlik ◽  
Patole Abhishek ◽  
Alase Aishwarya ◽  
Modhe Anuja
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Machine Design ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Packaging Process ◽  
Time Consumption ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Packaging Machine ◽  
Machine Cost

Many small scale food production business owners and small and medium scale Grocery Store owners do the process of weighing and packaging their product manually. Small and Medium scale food production business owners has to do the weighing, filling and packaging process manually. The sealing process is carried out with the help of candles. This process is very time and effort consuming and thus it limits their production as well as their business. Automatic Weighing and Packaging which is priced at the rate mentioned is not affordable for small scale and medium scale businesses. This project aims to develop such a machine which automatically weighs and packs the food with the help of microcontroller and sensors. The idea is to manually place the bag, then automatic weighing, filling and packaging is done. The purpose of doing this project is to reduce human efforts and time consumption. Decreasing machine cost is the major advantage of project. The machine design is based on simple mechanisms and it can be installed easily. The speed of packaging is increased thus resulting in more production and business. It will eradicate the traditional packing and sealing method. This process will reduce the number of paid workers.

Two facets of returnees’ entrepreneurship in Romania: Juxtaposing business owners and self-employed return migrants within a multi-method research framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-194
Author(s):  
Alin Croitoru
Keyword(s):  
Return Migration ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
European Migration

This paper contributes to the growing literature on the diversity of return migration by analysing the different types of small-scale entrepreneurship among returnees. Data from an original survey conducted among Romanian returnees and in-depth interviews with returnees in entrepreneurship are combined to reveal distinct profiles of returnee entrepreneurs and to illustrate their specific ways of thinking about entrepreneurship and migration. Currently, Romania is one of the most fertile settings to research intra-European return migration due to its important flows of temporary international migrants. The paper highlights that there are major differences between business owners and self-employed returnees in terms of entrepreneurship. Returnees who are business owners are those who benefited significantly more from migration than non-entrepreneur returnees—in terms of economic savings, human capital accumulation, and enhancement of their stocks of social capital; while returnees in self-employment reveal no significant differences for these migration outcomes compared to non-entrepreneur returnees. The distinction between the two groups of entrepreneurs has certain implications for origin states’ policies oriented towards stimulating return migration through programmes oriented towards returnees’ entrepreneurship. Keywords: Return Migration; Intra-European Migration; Entrepreneurship; Self-Employment; Multi-Method Social Research. „„„„ Articolul contribuie la literatura dedicată diversității migrației de revenire prin analiza unor tipuri diferite de antreprenoriat în rândul migranților reîntorși în țara de origine. Pentru a documenta profilurile specifice ale migranților care sunt antreprenori după revenire, sunt combinate date culese printr-un sondaj cu migranți reveniți în România și interviuri de profunzime cu migranți care au statutul de antreprenori după revenirea din străinătate. În prezent, România reprezintă unul dintre contextele excelente pentru cercetarea migrației de revenire datorită fluxurilor importante de migranți temporari internaționali. Lucrarea subliniază o serie de diferențe majore între migranții reveniți care au deschis mici afaceri și cei care lucrează pe cont propriu (de exemplu, sub formă de persoană fizică autorizată). Pe de o parte, migranții reveniți care dețin mici afaceri sunt cei care au beneficiat semnificativ mai mult din experiența de migrație comparativ cu reveniții non-antreprenori, în termeni de bani economisiți din migrație, acumulare de capital uman în străinătate și reconfigurarea capitalului social. Pe de altă parte, compararea profilurilor celor care lucrează pe cont propriu cu non-antreprenorii nu arată diferențe semnificative între cele două categorii în termeni de resurse acumulate prin experiența de migrație. Distincția dintre cele două tipuri de antreprenori poate avea implicații pentru politicile statelor de origine orientate către stimularea migrației de revenire prin programe centrate spre antreprenoriatul migranților reveniți. Cuvinte-cheie: migrație de revenire; migrație intra-europeană; antreprenoriat; angajare pe cont propriu; cercetare multi-metodă.

"What a Thing, then, is this Cow...": Positioning Domestic Livestock Animals in the Texts and Practices of Small-Scale "Self-Sufficiency"

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis Holloway
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Domestic Livestock ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Domestic Food

AbstractThis paper focuses on the positioning of animals other than human in the texts and practices of two versions of small-scale food "self-sufficiency" in Britain. The paper discusses the writings of Cobbett (1822/1926, 1830/1985) and Seymour (1960s/1970s) on self-sufficiency, suggesting that livestock animals are central, in a number of ways, to the constitution of these modes of self-sufficiency. First, animals are situated in both the texts and in the practicing of self-sufficiency regarded as essential parts of the economies and ecologies of small-scale food production. Second, animals' parts in these authors' criticisms of wider social, economic and political conditions supplement their role in small-scale domestic food supply. Animals become associated with a morality of human behavior and lifestyle and are part of the broader social critiques that the writing and practicing of these modes of self-sufficiency imply. These historically and geographically specific versions of self-sufficiency are valuable in defining and enacting possible alternative modes of human-animal relation in the context of food production.

Conclusion: An Alternative Agriculture for Our Time

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor J. Fitzmaurice ◽  
Brian J. Gareau
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Food System ◽  
Consumer Involvement ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Local Agriculture ◽  
Shopping Experience ◽  
Alternative Markets ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Full Force ◽  
The Many

Without abandoning the practical idea of farming as a business, the small-scale farmers in this book foster connections between consumer experiences and expectations and farming practices that support their visions of organic. They try to build new, alternative markets to challenge the watering down of “organic” that the full-force entrance of corporate market logics ushered in. However, there are limitations to how sustainable such farming operations can be without further changing the relationships the modern food system is based upon. This chapter begins by recognizing the many limitations of localism, including the potentially neoliberal aspects of such efforts. However, the neoliberal notion that individuals can and should bring forth their own interests and engage in political contestation could (paradoxically) be the very kernel that further popularizes small-scale food production networks that provide safer, more healthful food and a better sense of community than the isolating conventional shopping experience. Finally, the chapter considers how deepening consumer involvement in the process of agriculture, incorporating concerns about social justice into local food systems, and addressing the inefficiencies of decentralized food production could push local agriculture to be even more alternative.

TurkStream Collapse Test Program

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Timms ◽  
Doug Swanek ◽  
Duane DeGeer ◽  
Arjen Meijer ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Ageing ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Program ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Collapse Resistance ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
The Impact

The TurkStream pipeline project is designed to transport approximately 32 billion cubic meters of natural gas annually from Russia to Turkey under the Black Sea, with more than 85% of the deep-water route being deeper than 2000 m. The offshore section is intended to consist of two parallel lines, each approximately 900 km long. The preliminary stages of the front end engineering design (pre-FEED) phase was managed by INTECSEA. To support the analyses and design of the deepest portions, a full scale collapse test program was performed by C-FER Technologies (C-FER). This collapse test program, which included 62 full-scale collapse and pressure+bend tests, 54 medium-scale ring collapse tests, and hundreds of small-scale tests, was primarily aimed at measuring, quantifying and documenting the increase in pipe strength and collapse resistance resulting from the thermal induction heat treatment effect (thermal ageing) that arises during the pipe coating process. Two grades of 32-inch (813 mm) outside diameter (OD) line-pipe, SAWL450 and SAWL485 with wall thicknesses of 39.0 mm or 37.4 mm, respectively, were supplied from various mills for testing. The collapse test program objectives were as follows: • Determine the collapse resistance of line pipes originating from various pipe mills; • Determine the pressure+bend performance of line pipes originating from various pipe mills; • Measure the effect of thermal ageing on material and collapse testing results, including the impact of multiple thermal cycles; and • Evaluate the results of medium-scale ring collapse tests as compared to full-scale tests. This paper presents selected results of this work, along with some comparisons to predictive equations.

scholarly journals Agroindustry Business Analysis of Ilham Creativepreneur Nature Kerinci (ICN Kerinci) Coffee Perfume in Kemantan Village, Kerinci Regency, Jambi Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Zelfi Zakir ◽  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Faidil Tanjung
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Green Bean ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Business Analysis ◽  
Breakeven Point

This study aims to analyze the ICN Kerinci Coffee Perfume agroindustry. Data collected from June 2019 to August 2019 were analyzed using the descriptive analysis to describe the business profile and quantitative analysis using the variable costing approach to explore profit and breakeven point. The results showed that the ICN Kerinci coffee perfume business is a medium-scale business with ten workers, including business owners as leaders who concurrently marketers and wives as administrative and financial staff. In fulfilling raw materials in green beans from the Robusta type, business owners collaborate with partner farmers. At the time of research, ICN Kerinci only produced one kind of product with two packaging variants, namely Kerinci original perfume for Rp.22,000/pack (45 grams) and an original variant + oil coffee (package) for Rp.35,000/pack. The study suggested expanding the market, especially to Eastern Indonesia, and increasing good cooperation with farmers to ensure the certainty of supply of raw materials; and provide prices based on sorting and grading to stimulate farmers to improve the quality of their green bean products.

scholarly journals Tinjauan Skala Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Perilaku Entrepreneurial Marketing serta kaitanya dengan Dominasi Dimensi Opportunity dan Growth Orientation

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Whidya Utami ◽  
Hendro Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Dominant Dimension ◽  
Entrepreneurial Marketing ◽  
Growth Orientation

This study aims to bridge the gap in the literature by examining the dimensions of Growth Orientation, Opportunity Orientation, Total customer focus dimensions, Value creation Networking, Informal Market Analysis, Closness to The Market on large and small company scale related to Entrepreneurial Marketing (EM) behavior. Thus the objectives to be developed in this study are: analyze how EM behavior in small companies compared to large companies? The dimensions of whether in entrepreneurial marketing are dominant in the context of small and large scale companies. The questionnaire was aimed at a national sample of 406 business owners in Indonesia, spread in 8 provinces. Small companies are defined as companies that employ at least 9 fewer full-time employees other than their owners, while large companies are companies that employ more than 9 full-time employees other than their owners. Snowball sampling is used to determine the selected respondent. The results showed that there are differences in entrepreneurial marketing behavior between large companies and small companies, where small scale companies have lower entrepreneurial marketing behavior compared to large scale companies. For small scale companies, it shows that opportunity orientation is the most dominant dimension, whereas in large scale companies it shows that growth orientation is the most dominant dimension.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE FUCTIONAL ROLE OF RICE MILLING COMPANY ON THE WELFARE OF RICE FARMERS IN THE SUB-DISTRICT BUAY MADANG TIMUR DISTRICT OKU TIMUR

Jurnal AKTUAL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Aisah Aisah
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Rice Milling ◽  
Processing And Storage

Rice Milling Company is rice industry’s oldest and largest classified in Indonesia, which is able to absorb more than 10 million workers, handles more than 40 million tons of grain.  Rice Milling Company agro-industy is the central point, because this is where the main product is obtained in the form of rice and raw materials for advanced processing of food and industrial products.  Rice Miling Unit in the district of OKU Timur there is some skala, ranging form small-scale, medium-scale to large-scale.  Fuctional benefits of each different scale milling is also different.  The average rice farmers often sell gabahnya to the rice milling unit closest to the place residence, whether it is large-scale, medium and small.  Rice produced by the milling-grinding different quality.  Usually when a large-scale millimg yield of rice is cleaner than the other scale.  But it does not become a reference for milling grain milling usually depends on consumer demand.  The purpose of the study are : 1.  To determine levels of volume (tonnage) and the retention time of each service fuctional rice storage (barns) wich carried a different scale rice milling unit.  2.  To determine differences in the bebefits of economic transactions received by farmers and rice millers of different scale of business, especially when seen from the level of the milling costs, the purchase price of rice by rice milling unit, and the quality of milling services and service scale.  The result show that : the fuctional role of each is different milling.  Large-scale milling has three fuctional roles are : Processing, storage and distribution.  Medium-scale miling functional has two roles, namely : processing and distribution.  While small-scale rice milling unit has only two functional roles are : processing and storage.

scholarly journals KAJIAN PERAN RISET DAN PENGEMBANGAN DALAM MENDUKUNG INDUSTRI KAKAO NASIONAL = STUDY ON THE ROLE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN SUPPORTING INDONESIAN COCOA INDUSTRY

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Lamhot P. Manalu
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Intermediate Products ◽  
Quality Policy

Cocoa is commodities third largest foreign exchange earner after oil palm and rubber. In 2012 production totaled 833 310 tonnes of cocoa with an average growth of 1.56%. There are two major challenges in the development of the national cocoa industry, the increase in quantity (production and productivity) and quality. To support these efforts the role of research and development is needed to ensure that the procedures adopted are appropriate and fit. This study aims to study the role of research and development and other supporting factors in addressing the problems of the national cocoa. The study is in the form of survey respondents which are R&D institutes, universities and cocoa processing industry. The results show that there is a problem of national cocoa industry in all aspects, here the cultivation aspect is the biggest problem. The next aspects are mentoring, institutional, business scale, quality, policy, processing of intermediate products and processing of downstream products. The study also shows that there is still a lot of research results that can not be utilized by the cocoa industry, the rest has to be applied even if but only for a small scale so that the less significant. In the small and medium scale of cocoa enterprises, the equipment used is generally low capacity so inefficient. ABSTRAKKakao merupakan komoditas perkebunan penghasil devisa terbesar ketiga setelah kelapa sawit dan karet. Pada tahun 2012 produksi kakao tercatat sebesar 833.310 ton dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan sebesar 1,56%. Ada dua tantangan utama dalam pengembangan industri kakao nasional yaitu peningkatan kuantitas (produksi dan produktifitas) dan kualitas. Untuk mendukung usaha tersebut peran riset dan pengembangan (risetbang) sangat dibutuhkan untuk memastikan prosedur yang diterapkan sudah tepat dan sesuai.Studi ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari peran risetbang serta faktor pendukung lainnya dalam menjawab permasalahan kakao nasional. Studi ini berupa hasil survey terhadap responden (pelaku risetbang kakao) yaitu lembaga penelitian dan pengembangan, universitas serta industri pengolahan kakao. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa permasalahan industri kakao nasional terdapat pada semua aspek, dimana aspek budidaya merupakan permasalahan terbesar. Aspek berikutnya adalah penyuluhan, kelembagaan, skala usaha, mutu, kebijakan, pengolahan produk antara dan pengolahan produk hilir. Studi juga menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak hasil riset yang tidak dapat dimanfaatkan oleh industri kakao skala besar, sisanya walaupun telah bersifat aplikatif tetapi hanya untuk skala kecil sehingga kurang signifikan. Pada industri usaha skala kecil dan menengah umumnya peralatan yang digunakan berkapasitas rendah sehingga tidak efisien.

Resources, household decision making and organisation of labour in food production among small-scale farmers in southern Zambia

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomson Kalinda ◽  
Glenn Filson ◽  
James Shute
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Household Decision ◽  
Household Decision Making ◽  
Small Scale Farmers
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