scholarly journals ANALISIS MATERIAL KOMPOSIT BERBASIS SERAT PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT DAN MATRIKS POLYPROPYLENE SEBAGAI BAHAN PEMBUATAN BUMPER MOBIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Rizal Hanifi ◽  
Gebyar Dewangga ◽  
Kardiman Kasiadi ◽  
Eri Widianto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Static Test ◽  
Failure Simulation ◽  
Simulation Results

Research has been carried out on the analysis of mechanical properties and simulation of composite failure of oil palm midrib fiber polypropylene matrix as car bumpers. This research is expected to provide information on the results of testing the mechanical properties and physical properties and to find out the results of failure simulation in stress analysis based on static test using Inventor Professional 2015 software. Composite boards are made using the hot press method with three variations volume fraction is 20% fiber: 80% matrix, 30% fiber: 70% matrix and 40% fiber: 60% matrix. Characterization of composite physical properties in the form of density, swelling, and water uptake while mechanical properties in the form of tensile testing. Composite physical test results showed that composites made according to JIS A5908 (2003) composite tensile test results showed that the maximum tensile strength obtained at the volume fraction of 40% fiber: 60% matrix with a value of 21.106 MPa, followed by a decrease in tensile strength in volume fraction 30% fiber: 70% matrix and 20% fiber: 80% matrix. Increased tensile strength due to direct orientation of fibers and the addition of fiber composition. Composites are still worth making bumper because the value of tensile strength is no less than the standard bumper which is 8,09 MPa. Next, failure simulation results based on a static test uses three variations of speed, namely 60 km/hr, 80 km/hr and 100 km/hr. The failure simulation results based on the static test of the three speed variations show the value of the von misses stress below the yield strength of the material, then the displacement value that occurs is small and the value of the safety factor produced is above one. From the results of the analysis of composite testing, it shows that the composite has the potential to be a car bumper material.Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang analisis sifat mekanik dan simulasi kegagalan komposit serat pelepah kelapa sawit matriks polypropylene sebagai bumper mobil. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi informasi hasil pengujian sifat mekanik dan sifat fisis serta mengetahui hasil simulasi kegagalan dalam stress analysis berdasarkan static test menggunakan software Inventor Professional 2015. Papan komposit dibuat menggunakan metode hot press dengan tiga variasi fraksi volume yaitu 20% serat: 80% matriks, 30% serat: 70% matriks dan 40% serat: 60% matriks. Karakterisasi sifat fisis komposit berupa densitas, swelling, dan serapan air sedangkan sifat mekanik berupa pengujian tarik. Hasil pengujian fisis komposit menunjukkan bahwa komposit yang dibuat sesuai dengan klasifikasi JIS A5908. Hasil pengujian tarik komposit menunjukkan bahwa nilai kekuatan tarik maksimal yang paling besar diperoleh pada fraksi volume 40% serat: 60% matriks dengan nilai 21,106 MPa, diikuti penurunan kekuatan tarik pada fraksi volume 30% serat: 70% matriks dan 20% serat: 80% matriks. Meningkatnya kekuatan tarik dikarenakan orientasi serat searah dan penambahan komposisi serat. Komposit masih layak dibuat bumper karena nilai kekuatan tariknya tidak kurang dari standar bumper yaitu 8,09 MPa. Selanjunya, hasil simulasi kegagalan berdasarkan static test menggunakan tiga variasi kecepatan yaitu 60 km/jam, 80 km/jam dan 100 km/jam. Hasil simulasi kegagalan berdasarkan static test dari ketiga variasi kecepatan tersebut menunjukkan nilai von misses stress dibawah nilai yield strength yang dimiliki material, kemudian nilai displacement yang terjadi kecil serta nilai safety factor yang dihasilkan yaitu di atas satu. Dari hasil analisis pengujian komposit tersebut menunjukkan bahwa komposit berpotensi sebagai material bumper mobil

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF COMPOSITION OF CNT (CARBON NANOTUBE) ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOPLASTIC MADE FROM CASSAVA STARCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Masitoh Mangsur ◽  
Akbar Hanif Dawam Abdullah ◽  
Rahmat Firman Septiyanto ◽  
Yus Rama Denny Muchtar ◽  
Isriyanti Affifah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hot Press

Bioplastics are starch-based polymers that are easily degraded by microorganisms, so they can be used as an alternative to the use of conventional plastics. In this research, bioplastics made from cassava starch was made using glycerol as plasticizer and used MWCNTs (Multi-Wall CNTs) type CNT as reinforcement with variations in the composition of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. Bioplastics are made with a dry method (dry blending) with stages of pre-mixing, mixing, hot press and cold press. Characteristics of bioplastic starch/CNT include tensile strength, biodegradation and morphological. The test results show that the addition of CNT composition affects the mechanical properties of bioplastics. The optimum value of tensile strength occurred in the addition of 2% CNT at 13.52 MPa. Biodegradable test results using the Aspergillus niger mushroom prove that bioplastic starch/CNT can be degraded well. The results of morphological characteristics in the form of SEM results showed that 3% bioplastic starch / CNT had cracks and resulted in decreased tensile strength. FTIR test results indicate the presence of a new functional group C≡C because of the addition of CNT.

Mechanical And Superconducting Properties Of Cu-Nb3Sn In Situ Produced Composite Wires

1981 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kolb-Telieps ◽  
B.L. Mordike ◽  
M. Mrowiec
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Superconducting Properties ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Composite Wires ◽  
Strength And Ductility

ABSTRACTCu-Nb composite wires were produced from powder, electrolytically coated with tin and annealed to convert the Nb fibres to Nb 3Sn. The content was varied between 10 wt % and 40 wt %. The superconducting properties of the wires were determined. The mechanical properties, tensile strength, yield strength and ductility were measured as a function of volume fraction and deformation over a wide temperature range. The results are compared with those for wires produced by different techniques.

Influence of Volume Fraction of Bainite on Mechanical Properties of X80 Pipeline Steel with Excellent Deformability

2011 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 271-274
Author(s):  
Xiao Yong Zhang ◽  
Hui Lin Gao ◽  
Xue Qin Zhang ◽  
Yan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Absorption Energy ◽  
Impact Absorption Energy ◽  
Impact Absorption ◽  
Work Hardening Exponent

The pipeline steel with excellent deformability with ferrite and bainite dual-phase microstructure are obtained by inter-critically accelerating cooling method, aiming to get good deformation capability of avoiding failure from the geological disasters such as landslides and earthquake. The influence of volume fraction of bainite on the mechanical properties of dual-phase pipeline steels was investigated by means of microscopic analysis method and mechanical properties testing. The results indicated that both yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the steels increase almost linearly with the increasing volume fraction of bainite, while ductility, work hardening exponent and impact absorption energy decrease. When the volume fraction of bainite is about 50%, the yield strength, the yield strength/tensile strength ratio (Y/T), work hardening exponent, uniform elongation and impact absorption energy of X80 pipeline steels with excellent deformability is 665MPa, 0.8, 0.12, 8% and 245J respectively.

scholarly journals Microstructure, and Mechanical and Wear Properties of Grp/AZ91 Magnesium Matrix Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-rui Wang ◽  
Kun-kun Deng ◽  
Yan Bai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Thermal Deformation ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Az91 Alloy

Based on semi-solid mixing technology, two kinds of as-cast Grp (Graphite particles)/AZ91 composites with different Grp volume fractions (5 vol %, 10 vol %) were prepared; these are called 5 vol % Grp/AZ91 composites and 10 vol % Grp/AZ91 composites, respectively. In order to eliminate casting defects, refine grains, and improve mechanical properties, thermal deformation analysis of these composites was conducted. The effect of the addition of Grp and thermal deformation on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear resistance of AZ91 composite was explored. The results showed that after 5 vol % Grp was added into the as-cast AZ91 alloy, Mg17Al12 phases were no longer precipitated reticularly along the grain boundary, and Al4C3 phases were formed inside the composite. With the increase in the volume fraction of Grp, the grains of the AZ91 composites were steadily refined. With the increase of forging pass, the grain size of 5% Grp/AZ91 composites decreased first, and then increased. Additionally, the Grp size decreased gradually. There was little change in the yield strength, and the tensile strength and elongation were improved to a certain extent. After forging and extrusion of 5% Grp/AZ91 composites once, the grain size and Grp size were further reduced, and the yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation were increased by 23%, 30%, and 65%, respectively, compared with the composite after forging. With the increase of the number of forging passes before extrusion, the grain size decreased little by little, while the Grp size remained unchanged. The average yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation of the composites after forging and extrusion six times were increased by 3%, 3%, and 23%, respectively, compared with the composite after forging and extrusion once. The wear rate and friction coefficient of the 5% Grp/AZ91 composites decreased after forging once, and the wear mechanism was mainly due to ploughing wear. By comparison, the wear rate and friction coefficient of the 5% Grp/AZ91 composites increased in the extrusion state, and the main wear mechanism was from wedge formation and micro-cutting wear.

Statistical Evaluation Tensile Properties of High-Density Polyethylenes

2012 ◽  
Vol 445 ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Koyun ◽  
Baris Koksal ◽  
Esma Ahlatcioglu ◽  
A. Binnaz Hazar Yoruc
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Service Conditions ◽  
End Use ◽  
Chain Lengths

The mechanical properties, among all the properties of plastic materials, are often the most important properties because virtually all service conditions and the majority of end-use applications involve some degree of mechanical loading [1]. In the present work three different commercial polyethylene materials are tensile tested at four or five different tensile rates and two or three temperatures. Tensile test results against tensile rate include stress at 0.5 % elongation, tensile strength, yield strength, modulus of elasticity, elongation at yield and % elongation are determined. It is concluded that the structure, chain lengths and branching rates of polymer matrix significantly effected tensile test curve characteristic.

Effects of Yttrium on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of In Situ (Al2O3+Al3Zr)p/A356 Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 152-153 ◽  
pp. 1083-1087
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Yu Tao Zhao ◽  
Song Li Zhang ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Xiao Nong Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yttrium Addition

In-situ (Al2O3+Al3Zr)p/A356 composites were synthesized by melt reaction technology and the effects of yttrium on microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites are investigated. The results indicate that the reinforced particulates Al2O3 and Al3Zr become smaller in size with yttrium addition, the sizes are about 0.5~2μm. The distribution becomes more homogeneous, the morphologies are spheroid-shape and ellipsoid-shape, the ambitus is blunt. The mechanical properties test results show the mechanical properties of the composites are greatly enhanced. With 0.4wt.% yttrium addition, the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the composites reach to 388MPa and 296MPa, which are increased 35.6% and 37.0% comparing with no yttrium addition, respectively. The effect mechanisms of yttrium are discussed.

scholarly journals The Effect of Extrusion Temperatures on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-1.3Zn-0.5Ca (wt.%) Alloys

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1228
Author(s):  
Honglin Zhang ◽  
Zhigang Xu ◽  
Laszlo J. Kecskes ◽  
Sergey Yarmolenko ◽  
Jagannathan Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Extrusion Ratio ◽  
Tensile Yield Strength ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Average Size

The present work mainly investigated the effect of extrusion temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-1.3Zn-0.5Ca (wt.%) alloys. The alloys were subjected to extrusion at 300 °C, 350 °C, and 400 °C with an extrusion ratio of 9.37. The results demonstrated that both the average size and volume fraction of dynamic recrystallized (DRXed) grains increased with increasing extrusion temperature (DRXed fractions of 0.43, 0.61, and 0.97 for 300 °C, 350 °C, and 400 °C, respectively). Moreover, the as-extruded alloys exhibited a typical basal fiber texture. The alloy extruded at 300 °C had a microstructure composed of fine DRXed grains of ~1.54 µm and strongly textured elongated unDRXed grains. It also had an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 355 MPa, tensile yield strength (TYS) of 284 MPa, and an elongation (EL) of 5.7%. In contrast, after extrusion at 400 °C, the microstructure was almost completely DRXed with a greatly weakened texture, resulting in an improved EL of 15.1% and UTS of 274 MPa, TYS of 220 MPa. At the intermediate temperature of 350 °C, the alloy had a UTS of 298 MPa, TYS of 234 MPa, and EL of 12.8%.

scholarly journals Variation of the Mechanical Properties for Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites with Different Weight Ratio of Ziziphus Nummularia’s (Ber) Fibers

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 5393-5397
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Fiber Volume

In the present era, Natural fibers are favored for the formation of composites due to their low density, high strength, biodegradability, easy production, low carbon foot, environment friendly nature in comparison of synthetic fibers. This Paper deals with NFRC made from natural fibers obtained from the plants of arid region of Western Rajasthan on which a few researchers are focusing. This paper discuss on the extraction process of fiber from the ber’s stems, manufacturing of composites by using epoxy resin & ber’s fibers then testing of its mechanical properties e.g. tensile strength, young modulus, yield strength , and percentage elongation. Six Sample were made having weight ratio - 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.45, & 0. 6. Dog bone samples were prepared according to the ASTM D638 (Type IV) standard. Tensile strength varies from 12.19 MPa to 25 MPa, while young modulus varies from 1.4GPa to 2.9GPa for different weight ratios. Yield strength varies from 10.77 MPa to 21.16 MPa. Percentage of Elongation varies from 1 to 3%. These results shows that ber’s stems can be used for fiber extraction to manufacture composites materials & for better mechanical properties minimum fiber volume fraction percentage is 13% and maximum fiber fraction is 31%.This data can be used further when optimum value of fiber volume fraction is required to form composites from ber’s fibers.

scholarly journals Biokomposit Limbah Plastik Polypropylene Berpenguat Serat Lidah Mertua: Proses Ekstraksi dan Kekuatan Mekanis

Jurnal METTEK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
I Putu Lokantara ◽  
Ngakan Putu Gede Suardana
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene ◽  
The Matrix

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kekuatan tarik dan kekuatan bending biokomposit limbah plastik polypropylene berpenguat serat lidah mertua. Lidah mertua yang digunakan adalah lidah mertua yang pinggirannya daunnya kuning dengan usia yang seragam. Daun lidah mertua direndam dengan metode water retting selama 7 hari dan proses ekstraksi serat dilakukan secara manual. Polypropylene daur ulang yang digunakan berasal dari limbah plastik minuman gelas. Perlakuan kimia serat lidah mertua dengan konsentrasi 5% NaOH dan waktu perendaman 2 jam. Komposit dicetak dengan menggunakan press panas dengan suhu 200oC dan waktu penahanan 2 jam. Komposit dilakukan pengujian tarik dengan menggunakan ASTM D-570 dan uji bending dengan ASTM 790-03. Hasil uji tarik menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan tarik tertinggi pada fraksi volume 35% sebesar 71,606 MPa. Kekuatan tarik meningkat sebesar 28,9% dari fraksi volume 25% ke fraksi volume 35%.  Hasil uji bending menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan bending tertinggi pada fraksi volume 35% sebesar 74,55 MPa. Kekuatan bending meningkat sebesar 22,9% dari fraksi volume 25% ke fraksi volume 35%. Dengan pengamatan foto mikro SEM, ikatan adhesi antara serat dan matrik terjadi dengan baik pada fraksi volume 35%.      The purpose of this study was to determine the tensile strength and bending strength of lidah mertua fiber reinforced polypropylene. Lidah mertua is used whose leaf margins are yellow with a uniform age. Lidah mertua leaves were soaked by water retting method for 7 days. Fiber is extracted manually by hand. Recycled polypropylene used comes from glass beverage plastic waste. The chemical treatment of lidah mertua fibers 5% NaOH and a soaking time of 2 hours. Composites are molded using a hot press with a temperature of 200oC and a holding time of 2 hours. Composite tensile testing was carried out using ASTM D-570 and bending test with ASTM 790-03. Tensile test results showed that the highest tensile strength at 35% volume fraction was 71,606 MPa. Tensile strength increased by 28.9% from 25% volume fraction to 35% volume fraction. Bending test results showed that the highest bending strength at 35% volume fraction was 74.55 MPa. The bending strength increased by 22.9% from the 25% volume fraction to the 35% volume fraction. By observing SEM micro photographs, the bond between the fiber and the matrix occurs well at 35% volume fraction

Numerical Simulation on Mechanical Properties of SiC/Al Co-Continuous Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 186-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Juan Zhao ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Long Zhi Zhao ◽  
Xiao Lan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Kelvin Model ◽  
Particle Reinforced Composites ◽  
Simulation Results

Mechanical properties of the co-continuous SiC/Al composites were simulated using the ANSYS software in this paper, and Kelvin model was adopted as SiC structure. The models of various SiC contents were calculated for composites, the influences of SiC volume fraction on the interface were analyzed. Compared with the particle reinforced composites, the influences of SiC structure on the interface and strength were investigated. The results showed that the SiC volume fraction has a certain effect on the interface of composites, the incoordination of deformation of SiC and Al causes the greater stress concentration with SiC volume fraction decreases, so that interface occurs the debonding. Compared the simulation results of co-continuous composites and particle reinforced composites, two stress-distance curves show that the stress decreases with the distance from the interface increases, and two stress-strain curves prove that the co-continuous composites have higher the yield strength and the deforming resistance.

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