scholarly journals Scientific and educational providing of the horticulture sphere in the Umansky region at the beginning of the 20th century

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 164-170
Author(s):  
S. Nyzhnyk
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
National Science ◽  
National University ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Development State ◽  
Historical Methods

The author considered the horticultural development state in the Umansky region in the first quarter of the last century. Also he described the role of the Uman National University of Horticulture for the Ukrainian horticulture sphere and its contribution to the development of national science. Besides the author examined the problems of research and generalized creative pursuits of the national scientists. The research is based on the use of general scientific complex and historical methods, a rich base of sources.

scholarly journals Volodymyr Menchyts (1837–1916) Against the Backdrop of the Epoch

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Nelia Romaniuk ◽  
◽  
Andrii Sinitskyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
State Formation ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
National Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Historical Methods

Purpose of the article is to broaden the knowledge about the Ukrainian national movement, problems of the creation of a nation in 19th – beginning of the 20th century through the prism of life and activities of an individual person – Volodymyr Amvrosiiovych Menchyts, as a cultural and educational figure. The methodology of research is based on a combination of general scientific and special historical methods with the principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency. The application of these methods made it possible to conduct a systematic analysis of the sources that helped to personify the figure of V. Menchyts. Scientific novelty. The role of V. Menchyts against the backdrop of the epoch of the second half of the 19th – early 20th century has been highlighted on the basis of published and archival documents. His role was marked by the intensification of the national movement, the formation of the idea of state formation of Ukraine. Conclusions. Research into the biography of Volodymyr Amvrosiyovych Menchyts and its reproduction showed that he was an outstanding personality, a bright representative of the Ukrainian national movement of the second half of the 19th – beginning 20th century. He entered Ukrainian history as an educator and philosopher, a collector of Ukrainian folklore, and a specialist in literature and publishing. V. Menchyts was a representative of the spiritual elite of the society of that time. Those people contributed to the formation of moral and ethical foundations of the social worldview, national idea and state formation of Ukraine. A significant constellation of figures that developed and acted in this period in society, in particular Volodymyr Menchyts and his company, clearly defined the outlines of the Ukrainophil movement. Along with a cohort of less known but, undoubtedly, sincere patriots, the famous representatives of this movement were able to lay the ideological foundation for the development of the Ukrainian state at the beginning of 20th century.

scholarly journals Archival Documents About the Role of the Authorities and the Orthodox Clergy in the Formation of the Positive Image of the Black Hundreds in Volhyn at the Beginning of the 20th century

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Tsetsyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Russian People ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
October 17 ◽  
The One ◽  
Historical Methods

The aim of the article is to study the role of the authorities and the Orthodox clergy in the formation of a positive image of the Union of the Russian people in Volhyn at the beginning of the 20th century. The author studies a set of archival documents which highlight the key activities of the imperial authorities and the Orthodox clergy in the formation of a positive image of the Pochaiv branch of the Union of the Russian people in the period under study. The research methodology is based on the use of special historical methods (chronological and comparative-historical) and general scientific (analysis, synthesis, and generalization), statistical method, which in combination with the principles of historicism, objectivity, and multifactoriality created the necessary conditions for unbiased coverage. The scientific novelty of the work is that the author, on the basis of archival documents and periodicals, clarified the role of the authorities and the Orthodox clergy in forming a positive image of the Black Hundreds. Much of the archival documents of this work are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. Conclusions. As a result of the events of the first Russian revolution, the imperial government made a number of unprecedented concessions, and in accordance with the manifesto of October 17, 1905, the activities of political parties were allowed. In the autumn of the same year, as a result of the unification of a number of monarchical structures, the Union of the Russian People was formed. Soon Volyn province became one of the leading centers of the Black Hundred movement in the empire. The Black Hundreds enjoyed the support of the imperial authorities, and in Volhynia at the origins of the organization stood the Orthodox clergy, who played a key role in forming the organizational network of the URP. Being on the foundations of the inviolability of the foundations of the autocracy and the Orthodox Church and at the same time carrying out active activities aimed at discrediting their opponents, the Black Hundreds paid important attention to the formation of their positive image. The Orthodox clergy of the region also took an active part in this. Thanks to the support of the authorities, they managed to form the image of ‘defenders of the peasants and the Orthodox faith’ in a relatively short period of time, while blaming opponents of foreigners and non-believers for all the public troubles. On the one hand, this contributed to the growth of the URP's authority, and on the other hand, it exacerbated the already complex interfaith and interethnic relations in Volyn.

scholarly journals THE FRANCISCAN MISSION OF GIOVANNI DA PIAN DEL CARPINE 1245: THE COMPANIONS OF THE PAPAL LEGATE IN BOHEMIA AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO RUS’

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
Solomiya Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
The Political ◽  
Critical Problem ◽  
International Context ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge ◽  
Historical Methods

The article aims to analyze the participation of Franciscan missionaries from Bohemia in the embassy of Giovanni da Pian del Carpine to the Mongol khan in the context of Rus’-Czech relations in the middle of the XIIIth century. Research methodology. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach to the study of socio-political, military, and socio-economic phenomena in their development and relationships, based on the principles of scientificity, objectivity, systematicity, and historicism. In the study, general scientific and special historical methods were used, namely: comparative-historical, critical, problem-chronological, source-based, and analytical methods. The scientific novelty of the article is that historiography has not yet paid attention to the bohemian origins of the two members of the Carpine mission. In addition, this fact did not fit into the broader background of Rus’-Czech relations at the time. The role of the Pope in resolving the international situation in Central and Eastern Europe is highlighted, as well as how this relates to the policies of the Czech Przemyslids and the Galician-Volynian Romanovychi. Conclusions. It was noted that the factor of the emergence of nomads and their threat to Europe was crucial for the Czech-Rus’ contacts, which became part of the eastern policy of the Apostolic Capital. Since, in the conditions of the Mongol threat, both the Przemyslids and the Romanovychi actively communicated with the Pope, the Czech-Rus’ communication became inevitable. With this in mind, the article draws attention to the following points. First, the amount of knowledge about Rus’ in Bohemia at that time was analyzed. Secondly, the preconditions that contributed to the Czech-Rus’ rapprochement with Rome, despite the unfavorable policy of the German emperor, were highlighted. Third, the Rus’-Czech relations of the middle of the XIIIth century and their manifestation in the form of the Galician-Czech union in the following decades were interpreted in the international context. The events of the war for the inheritance of the Babenbergs in 1246–1278 and the Czech-Rus’ relations in their context should be considered as a continuation of the political line initiated by the Pope and executed by the Franciscans.

Origins of School Nursing

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget Houlahan
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Social History ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
School Health ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Community Support ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
School Nursing ◽  
Historical Methods

This study investigated the origin and implementation of school nursing in New York City, using traditional historical methods with a social history framework. The intent of this research was to produce a comprehensive historical analysis of school nursing at the turn of the 20th century in order to provide a historical framework to promote the work of school nurses today. Understanding the core fundamental concepts of school nursing from its origins and the significance of the emergence of community support for the role of the school nurse at the turn of the 20th century can inform current policy to back school nursing and school health today.

scholarly journals TEACHER-STUDENT INTERACTION IN THE PROCESS OF WORKING WITH SOURCES DURING THE LESSONS OF HISTORY

2021 ◽  
pp. 200-210
Author(s):  
Olha Lavrut
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Key Competencies ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
Independent Work

Society is based on the interaction with each other of each member of society. What is important is the interactions that take place between everyone. The aim of our study is to characterize the use of interactivity in history lessons in the process of working with sources. Subject - interactions between child and adult in school practice in the process of working with historical sources. The research methodology, which includes several groups of methods, helped us to achieve the planned. The first group - general scientific methods. First of all - historical and logical with their inherent analysis, synthesis and systematic approach. At the level of individual sources, each is first perceived as a holistic phenomenon, then for deeper study it is broken down into parts, and then, at a new level of knowledge, it is considered as a whole. Interdisciplinary methods are inherent in various sciences. The third group - general historical methods, which are inherent in historical knowledge as a whole. Source methods allow you to work directly with the source. The issue of interaction has been considered by researchers in various fields, as it is intertwined and multifaceted. Among them are teachers, psychologists, sociologists and others. In lessons, students learn to formulate their own opinions, discuss, listen to another person, respect diversity. The modeling of social situations and their experience - empathy - is also indicative. The creative perception of the material, the development of skills of independent work, a friendly climate in the classroom remain important. The presented material encourages the joint creation of educational space in general secondary education institutions. The lessons of history are important in this. They encourage the formation of key competencies and skills of adult life. The prospect of the study may be to study the role of the teacher in the multifaceted perception of history.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF UKRAINE’S PARTY ARCHIVES IN THE SHAPING OF THE SOVIET MYTH OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN THE 60S-80S OF THE 20TH CENTURY (A CASE STUDY OF THE ARCHIVE DEPARTMENT OF KHERSON OBLAST COMMITTEE OF THE CPU)

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
Natalia Kuzovova
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Document Collections ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
Second World

The goal of the paper is to study the activity of the party archives of the Communist Party of Ukraine (the CPU) in 1960-1980, aimed at creating sets of documents about the Second World War - the documents of personal origin and thematic collections; to determine the main principles that guided the archival institutions while conducting the selection of fund-forming agents and documents which in their opinion were supposed to adequately reflect the Second World War events; to characterize the directions of search, archeographic and publishing work of Soviet archivists; to analyse the information content, completeness, and reliability of the created sets of documents, the consequences of the party archives' activity for the historical memory of the Second World War events.  Research methodology. In the course of the research, general scientific and specific historical methods of source and archival heuristics, scientific criticism of sources, diplomatic, textual, and hermeneutical analysis were used.  Scientific novelty. The paper introduces the previously unpublished documents on the history of party archives into scientific discourse and reveals the technologies for falsifying the Second World War history at the level of archival institutions during the specified period.Conclusions. In the course of the research, it was found out that the document collections were made in violation of the principles of archival science, which led to the shaping of the Soviet myth of the Great Patriotic War. However, as a result of their activities, the archivists accumulated a lot of interesting historical material, which was not made public due to ideological principles and it creates a certain field for contemporary studies on the history of the Second World War.

The Great Reform and the Fate of Capitalism in Russia (On the 150th Anniversary of the Emancipation Reform)

2011 ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
M. Voeikov
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
150Th Anniversary ◽  
In The Beginning

The paper deals with the problem of the establishment of capitalism in Russia in the late 19 - early 20th centuries. Using a wide array of historical research and documents the author argues that the thesis on the advanced state of capitalism in Russia in the beginning of the 20th century does not stand up to historical scrutiny, and the role of the famous Emancipation reform of 1861 appears to be of limited importance.

‘Wheels have been set in motion’: Geocentrism and Relativity in Tom Stoppard’s Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Campos
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Film Adaptation ◽  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
Quantum Uncertainty ◽  
Galilean Relativity ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
20Th Century Physics ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
Do So

By decentring our reading of Hamlet, Stoppard’s tragicomedy questions the legitimacy of centres and of stable frames of reference. So Liliane Campos examines how Stoppard plays with the physical and cosmological models he finds in Hamlet, particularly those of the wheel and the compass, and gives a new scientific depth to the fear that time is ‘out of joint’. In both his play and his own film adaptation, Stoppard’s rewriting gives a 20th-century twist to these metaphors, through references to relativity, indeterminacy, and the role of the observer. When they refer to the uncontrollable wheels of their fate, his characters no longer describe the destruction of order, but uncertainty about which order is at work, whether heliocentric or geocentric, random or tragic. When they express their loss of bearings, they do so through the thought experiments of modern physics, from Galilean relativity to quantum uncertainty, drawing our attention to shifting frames of reference. Much like Schrödinger’s cat, Stoppard’s Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are both dead and alive. As we observe their predicament, Campos argues, we are placed in the paradoxical position of the observer in 20th-century physics, and constantly reminded that our time-specific relation to the canon inevitably determines our interpretation.

Sasak People’s Resistance Against Mataram-Karangasem and Dutch Colonial Rulers: The Role of Tuan Guru Umar Kelayu

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-90
Author(s):  
Ahmad Tohri ◽  
H. Habibuddin ◽  
Abdul Rasyad
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Dutch Colonial ◽  
Dutch Colonialism

This article discusses the Sasak people’s resistance against MataramKarangasem and Dutch colonial rulers in the 19th century in Lombok, Indonesia. It particularly focuses on Tuan Guru Umar Kelayu and his central role in the emergence of Sasak people’s resistance which transformed into Sasak physical revolution local and global imperialismcolonialism. Using the historical method, this article collected data through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data analysis involved the historical methods of heuristics, verification or criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The findings show that Sasak people’s resistance was not only caused by economic factors but also related to other factors such as social, cultural, and religious ones. Tuan Guru Umar Kelayu played a key role in the Sasak people’s resistance in that it was under his leadership and influence that the resistance transformed into a physical struggle against MataramKarangasem and Dutch colonialism as seen in Sakra War and Praya War which were led by his students and friends.

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