scholarly journals State policy for the development of rural areas in conditions of limited natural resources (on the example of Japan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (95) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
I. Kulish ◽  
O. Hrymak ◽  
V. Chemerys ◽  
I. Voronyj
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
The State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

It is shown that agriculture is sometimes not the main branch of the rural economy. It is emphasized that ensuring control over the impact of agricultural production on the environment is the responsibility of the state. It is revealed that in view of the rapid development and change of international relations, the definition of “food security” as the independence of the state solely through its own production is no longer relevant, today it depends more on the foreign and domestic policy of the country, as well as the importance of its opinion for other countries. It is noted that despite membership in the World Trade Organization, Japan has formed and implemented a policy of comprehensive support for its own producers and encourages the diversification of economic activities in rural areas. Legislatively approved principles of environmental policy of agriculture, forestry and fisheries are strictly controlled and are binding on all business entities. It is emphasized that Japan does not approve of the practice of renting agricultural land in other countries and makes maximum use of its own natural resources. The ways in which Japan provides support and assistance to developing countries to improve the condition of rural areas and agriculture were analyzed, and it was noted that the amount of this assistance is more than 21 % of total assistance. It is shown that in order to preserve agricultural lands, Japan creates artificial territories (islands and coastline extensions), on which large buildings and airports are built. The careful quality control of food introduced by the Government of Japan is noted. The flexible state policy of Japan on the redistribution of resources, which prevents the creation of critical situations in the provision of food to the population, is analyzed. Japan promotes the accelerated construction of vertical farms, which have no analogues in the world in the degree of environmental friendliness. It is shown how powerful Japanese companies - manufacturers of electronics on a global level are willing to expand their scope of activities by growing ultra-pure fruits and vegetables. The need for further research on the policy of rural development and agriculture of the State of Israel was emphasized.

scholarly journals THE STATE AND PROSPECTS OF THE ECONOMY OF RURAL AREAS OF PAVLODAR REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 389 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-218
Author(s):  
A. R. Soltangazinov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Empirical Observation

At the present stage in the domestic scientific environment, the problems of ensuring sustainable development of rural areas are insufficiently studied and require further study. The goal of sustainable development of rural areas is a balanced development of the economic, social and environmental spheres, aimed at ensuring a favorable life of the population. The article considers the economic aspects of the functioning of rural territories of Pavlodar region and provides a comprehensive assessment to solve the problems of socio-economic development of these territories in the current and long-term perspective. As a base of analysis and assessment used statistical data of the official website of the Committee on statistics of MNE of RK, and also empirical observation and informational resources of local Executive bodies region. Based on the results, which identified systemic problems of the rural economy that have a negative impact on the level and quality of life of the rural population. These include, first and foremost, the dominant raw material orientation of the rural economy, low labour productivity, due to the significant moral and physical deterioration of the production-technical base, including the excess of the lifespan of the majority of equipment, as well as the rate of fleet renewal machines relevant regulatory requirements, using a separate are subject obsolete resource-intensive technologies. It is shown positive dynamics of key indicators of agriculture, which developed in the first place, due to government regulation of agriculture and the creation of an enabling environment through the extension of the relevant package of measures of state support aimed at the development of this sector of the national economy. Recommendations aimed at activating the processes of rural economy diversification have been developed. Analysis of the state of domestic beekeeping shows that this market niche in the national economy is not sufficiently developed and this industry has a significant unrealized potential. Significant benefits of the development of the beekeeping industry are shown, which will have a positive impact on strengthening the export positions of non-resource orientation, increasing employment of the rural population, crop yields, solving the problems of degraded agricultural land, etc. The economic feasibility and effectiveness of investment projects in the field of beekeeping development, which simultaneously provide a significant social effect, are justified. For the transition of rural territories to a qualitatively new level of development, based on the conclusions made about the priorities of rural development, the authors justify strategic prospects for further development using the internal mechanism of their functioning, reserves of economic growth and taking into account the specifics and features of administrative-territorial units.

scholarly journals The impact of incentives on the decision to transfer agricultural land functions to non-agricultural uses

2021 ◽  
Vol 916 (1) ◽  
pp. 012029
Author(s):  
G Prayitno ◽  
D Dinanti ◽  
N Sari ◽  
I I Hidayana ◽  
F A A Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
Agricultural Yields ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Land Policies

Abstract The influence of incentives on landowner’s decision-making regarding land-use change is an intriguing consideration when developing sustainable agricultural land policies. Owners of agricultural land in rural areas with varying characteristics and varying agricultural yields each year have varying views on changing or maintaining their land. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of incentives on people’s attitudes toward maintaining or selling land (land-use change from agricultural land to non-agricultural land). This study employed a descriptive analysis to calculate the impact of incentives from the government on the decision to change or keep the land. The responses of 500 respondents were categorized as follows: 20-46.67 in favor of land change, 46.67-73.33 neutral, and 73.4-100 in favor of maintaining land. The analysis revealed that additional factors influence the decision to sell or maintain the land. However, some villages seek to preserve land through government incentives.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Effect of Mining and Mining Industry on Soil Covering

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
N. Jabbarov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Cycle ◽  
World Community ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Earth's Crust ◽  
The Impact

At a time of rapid development of industry, transport and agriculture, it is also important to ensure the protection of the environment and the efficient use of natural resources. One of the main concerns of the world community is the elimination of the impact on the environment, especially soil and vegetation, during the extraction, transportation and processing of minerals. In modern conditions, the use of the Earth's crust disrupts the course of geological processes, primarily affecting the balance of the natural cycle of matter in the biosphere, leading to the introduction of substances and compounds that are not specific to terrestrial ecosystems.

scholarly journals Development alternatives of rural economy

2012 ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
József Káposzta
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Rural Economies ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Alternatives ◽  
Land Water

Environmental, natural, social and economic processes undergoing both in Europe and in the world predict such a 21st century that is characterised by increasing resource-crisis from both economic and ecological aspects. Therefore, it is very important for Hungary to see what happens to its natural resources, epecially to its agricultural land, water reserves as well as the biodiversity of the local unique flora and fauna. One of the most significant issues of the rural areas of Hungary is whether we can preserve the natural habitats and the various biodiversity of the related species, the favourable biological background of agriculture. In addition, whether we are able to provide high quality food for the country as well as for the broader reagion, whether we are able to produce energy from the resources available as well as to provide sufficient opportunities for the population to  live and work. These can be considered as the most significant issuesof the coming decades which determine the strategy of the Hungarian rural economies in long term.

scholarly journals The impact of digital technologies on modern society. An example of a social credit rating system in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
A. P. Klimovich
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Social Credit ◽  
Western Democracy ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The issue on the first principles of Internet building in China has been considered. An overview of establishment has been made and the specifics of the development of the Chinese information technology industry in recent years has been analysed. The influence of the state policy on digital technology market has been studied. The principles of Chinese authorities’ actions in relation to the domestic and foreign high tech markets have been highlighted. The causes of the Chinese industry rapid development, based on the state activity aimed at supporting the local manufacturers, have been analysed. Protectionism policy defining the government control pattern has been evaluated. Chinese development main program scale, embracing not only national, but also world economics, has been considered. It has been shown how domestic economy policy coincides with Chinese government foreign policy and how it is directly reflected in it. A parallel has been drawn between the principle of establishing of social credit system and the idea of counting merits and drawbacks, laying in the basis of finely built system of rewards and punishments of traditional Chinese society. A connection of this tradition with the official goal of the system, stated by the government of China to teach the Chinese society to become more honest by complete surveillance over people, has been shown. It has been shown how this system classifies people into several categories, creating the lists of those to reward and those to censure. The mechanism of how the state uses private companies’ resources, applying all its power to influence on them, has been considered. A critical analysis of the foundations of the system from the point of view of Western democracy values has been carried out. An overview of development prospects of the studied system and the assessment of the risks associated with it have been made. It has been noted that despite the fact that the basic ideas for the system are borrowed from the international practice of the financial sector, making decisions on authorizing going beyond the judicial system and transferring the classification of people in the lists of good and bad to the level of algorithms run counter to the principles of European and international law.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF DIGITALIZATION AND AUTOMATIZATION OF THE WORLD ECONOMY ON THE STATE POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE FIELD OF SHOOL EDUCATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3(26)) ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
Ivan Romanovich Zlotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
State Policy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
The State ◽  
Basic Training ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government

This article examines the problem of increasing requirements for the competencies of specialists in the world economy and the preventive measures of the Government of the Russian Federation on the issue of basic training of schoolchildren in the field of digital and engineering competencies.

scholarly journals International marketing as an effective tool of increasing enterprise competitiveness

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-131
Author(s):  
О.В. Птащенко ◽  
О.Г. Зима ◽  
К.С. Костіна ◽  
М.В. Лаврінченко
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
International Marketing ◽  
World Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The main features of international marketing as a tool to increase the competitiveness of the enterprise are considered in the article. Crisis phenomena of today's economy, long reforms of national production, the formation of a new information society and the emergence of information processes in the economy have led to the fact that future economic growth becomes possible only if the introduction and coordination of modern marketing and management tools for fuller implementation of foreign economic relations of the state, accurate consideration of production needs for domestic and foreign sales, coordination of export opportunities and import needs, providing for the production of competitive products, strengthening the impact on the international division of labor, international specialization and internationalization of production and, consequently, improving foreign economic activity . Thus, the development of marketing of international production and the movement of entrepreneurial capital cause uneven growth of economic potential of individual countries and regions. The transfer of production to certain countries leads to the fact that the shares of different groups of countries in the location of world industry do not coincide. Competition between TNCs distorts the system of international relations between the world economy. International marketing of exports and imports are two barter transactions, through which each country is organically connected with the external environment. These are components of the reproduction process, which must pass through foreign trade in order to ensure the stable creation, distribution and consumption of national GDP. The effect of international marketing of barter transactions or another country can get based on the scale of production. Foreign trade may not necessarily be mutually beneficial for all actors in the world market. Reproductive openness of the country when using international marketing depends on the availability of natural resources in the country - energy resources, raw materials for industry, food for the population. The level of reproductive openness of the state is higher, the higher the level of its technical and economic development and the smaller the value of its GDP and the availability of its own natural resources.

scholarly journals State policy of the investment processes development on the market of IT services: analytical and strategic aspects of implementation in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 182 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 64-76
Author(s):  
Petro Kutsyk ◽  
◽  
Ruslan Lupak ◽  
Valentyna Kutsyk ◽  
Arsen Protsykevych ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
It Services ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
High Level ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The globalization of the world economy, the rapid development of information and digitization objectively determine the dynamism of the priority areas for the investment projects implementation in the field of IT. Therefore, the governmental structures should regularly update the list of priority projects for state support, particularly in Ukraine, which is in crisis economic situation increasing its own dependence on external capital, technologies, products (services). The purpose of the study is to substantiate the analytical and strategic aspects of implementation of the state policy of investment processes development in the Ukrainian market of IT services. Methods. As the methodological basis of the study the expert and statistical methods (for instance, Delphi, M. Kendall and B. Smith methods; Gallup Institute methodology; Pearson’s rule; Harrington’s scale etc.), systematic and structural analysis, the theories of economic growth, the modern concepts of transitional economic systems are used. Results. The theoretical and methodological fundamentals and features of state regulation of the investment processes in the market of IT services are generalized. Using the Delphi method, an analytical study of the investment security of the IT services market subjects and the effectiveness of the state policy in this field are conducted. Accordingly, a number of IT companies which are the leaders of the Ukrainian market in the development, implementation and sales of information and communication products have been selected for our research in 2018-2020 (Ciklum, DataArt, Sigma Software, GlobalLogic, EPAM, N-iX, 2Event.com, Skelia, Intellias, Lohika). The M. Kendall and B. Smith method is used to determine the validity and objectivity of evaluation according to Pearson’s rules. The Gallup Institute methodology is used to justify the sampling size of IT enterprises. With reference to the investment development of the Ukrainian market of IT services, the impact of macroeconomic factors, the needs, the accessibility and the impediments of attracting investments, the development of investment infrastructure, the level of financial security and investment management, the prospects for state policy implementation are characterized. Quality and capability of business infrastructure elements in IT services market and high level of tax burden have been named by the experts as the factors of the macroeconomic environment with the very high level of influence on the security of investment. The scheme of strategic approaches and the consistent implementation of state policy of the investment processes development in the market of IT services are developed. The levels of implementation of the state policy of investment processes development in the IT services market are interpreted by using the Harrington’s scale. The main tasks, tools, means and priorities of the state policy of investment processes development in the IT services market are determined. Conclusion. It is proved that one of the most influential directions of state regulation of the IT services market development is the sphere of investment processes. The peculiarities of the investment process and the functioning of the IT services market affect the specifics of their state regulation updating the task of economic, financial and resource investments support. The effective state regulation of the investment process in the market of IT services should be economic in nature and directed primarily at achieving the strategic goal of creating a quality investment environment in the information technology sector.

scholarly journals INDONESIA’S AIR SOVEREIGNTY ISSUES IN THE GLOBAL ERA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Adya Paramita Prabandari
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Global Era ◽  
Exclusive Jurisdiction ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vast Territory

A state has a government as the supreme authority that has a complete and exclusive jurisdiction over its territory. It is very important to Indonesia, with its vast territory, to preserve and uphold the state’s sovereignty, particularly over its airspace. Especially in this global era, when the rapid development of technologies resulting in the end of geography era, and the world seems to be borderless. The issue discussed in this paper is Indonesia’s air sovereignty issues in the global era. The things to be concerned by the Government of Indonesia on the management and protection of the state’s sovereignty over the airspace in the global era are: (1) the take over of the Flight Information Region above Riau and Natuna from Singapore FIR; (2) the prevention and suppression of airspace violation incidents; and (3) the impact of Indonesia’s ratification on the ASEAN Open Skies Policy to the protection of the sovereignty over Indonesia’s airspace. A state’s airspace is very strategic because it is the first fortress of a state, in which all foreign forces can fly in first. Therefore as a state with vast territory, the Government of Indonesia must work hard to be able to preserve and uphold the sovereignty over its territory, especially in defending the state’s sovereignty over its airspace in the global era.

scholarly journals Development of a green economy in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Ivanovskaya ◽  
Zlata Glukhova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the impact of scientific and technological progress, processes of globalization and internationalization on the state of the environment, the state and exploitation of natural resources to ensure the life of modern society. Improving the quality of life of the population, increasing consumption of food and industrial goods, expanding the “range” of services offered, “digitizing” many processes, resource intensity of production cycles, are one of the causes of climate change, increased waste, environmental disasters and imbalances in existing ecosystems. The changes taking place both in the world and in the national economy affected all its directions, including the science accompanying these processes, and gave an impetus to revise the foundations of the theoretical aspects corresponding to it. New types, methods, techniques and models of the economy have appeared, one of which is the green economy. The analysis of the definitions of the scientific term «green economy» carried out by the authors of the article, presented in various information sources, showed a wide variability of the proposed interpretations, depending on the point of view of the researcher and his affiliation with the corresponding scientific school. The authors note that the concept of green economy development has recently received special attention, considered as a new trajectory of harmonious (clean) development of society, which is perceived as an alternative model of the existing economy, interlinking further economic growth depending on the state of the environment. The growing interest and popularity of the green economy is explained by the need of society to revise the existing forms, models and types of both production and consumption, concern about environmental pollution, deforestation, expansion of agricultural land, reduction of water reserves and natural resources, drainage of water bodies, greenhouse effect, changes in biodiversity etc.

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