scholarly journals Ethnopedagogical practices of preservation and reproduction of the traditional culture of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North and Siberia (the case of Krasnoyarsk region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-310
Author(s):  
Natalia P. Koptseva ◽  
◽  
Svetlana V. Berezyuk ◽  
Mikhail Ya. Khrebtov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Indigenous Minorities

Introduction. The relevance of the study is determined by the search for new pedagogical technologies for the formation, preservation and reproduction of traditional cultural values in the socio-cultural space of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North and Siberia. The social transformation processes experienced today by these nations predetermine the need to change the main pedagogical approaches to preservation of their traditional culture. The purpose of the article is the analysis of modern ethnopedagogical practices aimed at formation of favourable educational environment for children belonging to indigenous minorities of the North and Siberia living in Krasnoyarsk region. Materials and methods: 1) fieldwork in places of compact residence of Dolgans, Selkups, Evenks, 2) quantitative analysis of the content of 14 web resources devoted to the traditional culture of Evenks, Dolgans, Selkups; 3) organisation of 12 semi-structured interviews with experts in the field of education and culture of small-numbered indigenous peoples of the North and Siberia; 4) questioning of 650 Evenks living in Krasnoyarsk region; 5) comparative analysis of the factual survey results. Results. A survey of 7 northern settlements of Krasnoyarsk region inhabited by indigenous minorities of the North and Siberia was carried out; the survey revealed a low degree of native language proficiency among the Evenks in the age group under 19 years old (in 1997, the Evenk language was considered native by 6.7% of the Evenks in this group; in 2017, the Evenk language was not deemed by this group participants to be their native language; in 1997, the Russian language was considered to be the native language by 88.2% of the Evenks aged 10 to 19, in 2017 – by 91.7%). Over the 10 years, the share of Evenks who are fluent in the Evenk language decreased twofold (from 31.1% in 1997 to 15.1% in 2017). The overall expert assessment formed through analysis of 12 semi-structured interviews makes it possible to conclude on the change in the ethnopedagogical practices of the indigenous peoples of the North and Siberia in studying the native languages, in connection with “retirement” of the native language from the practice of everyday communication. All of the 12 experts recorded the shift of the educational practices of the indigenous minorities, as to the study of their native languages, to the similar practice involving the mastery of foreign languages. The overwhelming majority of experts (10 out of 12) believe that the observed efficiency of school education in the North and the Arctic is connected with the development of online education and increased availability of federal educational platforms for schoolchildren of northern settlements. Some of the ethnopedagogical practices are being transferred to cyberspace. The traditional culture of the indigenous minorities of the North and Siberia assumes virtual forms characteristic of the modern informational Internet environment.

scholarly journals Respondents’ View on the Study of Ethnocultural Subjects in General Education Organizations of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra: On the Example of the Cities of Kogalym and Langepas

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Saidmurod Khamdamovich Khaknazarov
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Main Method ◽  
The North ◽  
Indigenous Minorities ◽  
Khanty Mansi Autonomous

The article considers the need of educational institutions of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra (on the example of the cities of Kogalym and Langepas) to teach ethnocultural subjects. This problem is also relevant for the region under consideration, where the indigenous small peoples of the North of Khanty, Mansi and Forest Nenets live. The purpose of this work is to study the state of studying the native language and ethnocultural subjects in general education institutions of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, the request of parents of schoolchildren from among the indigenous small peoples of the North for ethnocultural subjects. The tasks of the work are to identify the state of study of the native language and ethnocultural subjects in general education institutions and to determine the need of parents of schoolchildren from among the indigenous small peoples of the North for ethnocultural subjects. The object of the study was the parents of schoolchildren from among the indigenous small peoples of the North living in the cities of the Autonomous Okrug. The main method of our research is questionnaire. Results: just over half of respondents (50.9%) believe that teaching their native language and subjects with ethnocultural content will to some extent help preserve the traditional culture of the indigenous minorities peoples of the North. Among the respondents in Langepas, pessimistic assessments prevail; in Kogalym (68.9%), the majority of respondents believe in the role of teaching ethnocultural subjects. Only 36.8% of respondents want their children to study ethnocultural subjects at school.

scholarly journals Traditional Culture of Modernizational Yakutia: the Problem of Human in the Global Society

2015 ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Sargylana S. Ignatyeva
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Strategic Culture ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Global Society ◽  
The North

The article discusses some controversial issues of coexistence of the Arctic locus and the global civilization. Main investigations on this topic are analyzed in the article. The author indicates some features of the Yakut traditional culture, reveals the specific types of traditions which allow discovering the “cultural core” of the indigenous peoples of the North at the present stage of the region’s development. Special attention is focused on the role of human in the strategic culture and cultural modernization of Yakutia.

scholarly journals Mining and Indigenous Peoples of the North: Assessment and Development Prospects

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Evdokia Burtseva ◽  
Anatolii Sleptsov ◽  
Anna Bysyina ◽  
Alla Fedorova ◽  
Gavril Dyachkovskii
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
The North ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Indigenous Minorities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Siberia

The main industry in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the mining industry, which will continue to expand in the future. Already today there are quite a lot of investment projects for the development of minerals in the Arctic, North-West and South Yakutia, which will be implemented in the territories of indigenous minorities of the North. Indigenous Evens, Evenks, Yukaghirs make up 4.2% of the total population of the republic and are characterized by low genetic diversity, which can lead to negative consequences in relation to their health status when exposed to technogenic pollution. Purpose of the study: assessment of the state of life of indigenous minorities of the North in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) under the conditions of a new stage of industrial development of territories of traditional nature management. The planned increasing industrial development of territories of traditional nature management can cause large-scale disturbances of the earth’s surface, depletion of biological resources, environmental pollution, which will ultimately lead to deterioration in the quality of life of the population. In order to take measures to prevent and reduce the negative impacts of industrial development of the territories of residence and traditional activities of indigenous minorities of the North, when implementing new projects, the expert commission recommends concluding a trilateral agreement on cooperation and financing of specific programs between industrial companies, government bodies of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and authorized representatives of indigenous minorities of the North. Research area—the position of indigenous minorities of the North in the conditions of industrial development of the North, Siberia and the Far East. This study looks at the impact of industrial development on the natural environment and the traditional way of life of indigenous population. Compensation for damage to the nomadic tribal communities of reindeer herders has taken place. Only about 250 thousand representatives of 40 indigenous peoples live in these regions, who are included in the official list of indigenous minorities of the North, Siberia and the Far East.

Co-Management by Indigenous Minorities of the North over Arctic Territories in the Period of Their Commercial Development

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Геннадий Чеботарев ◽  
Gyennadiy CHyebotaryev ◽  
Елена Гладун ◽  
Elena Gladun
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
The State ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
The North ◽  
Indigenous Minorities ◽  
The Russian Federation

The authors explain the significance of the presented subject by the current intensive industrial development of the Arctic territories of the Russian Federation and other Northern countries, which apart from positive economic and social benefits, also brings climate change, environmental problems and destroys traditional lifestyle and economy management of indigenous minorities of the North. The article proves that in many countries indigenous minorities of the North are interested not only in enforcement and guarantees of their rights on the part of the state, but also in making managerial decisions on the use and protection of territories which is the traditional place of their inhabitance and economic activity, together with government authorities and resource-users. The authors view co-management as an efficient model of interrelations between the state, local self-government and indigenous minorities of the North. The authors analyze international rules, foreign laws and regulations, and legislation of the Russian Federation that create legal framework for the implementation of the co-management model in the Arctic territories of Russia. In their article the authors indicate gaps in federal legislation in the area of protection of the Northern indigenous peoples’ rights to govern the territories of their traditional inhabitance and economic activity. In the end the authors state the possibilities to fill the gaps in the federal and regional legislation on the indigenous minorities’ rights, in particular, they suggest approving and ratifying international documents on indigenous peoples, including co-management norms, into the RF legislation, and also expanding possibilities of government and local authorities on indigenous minorities’ involvement into management over the Northern territories.

scholarly journals Historical aspect of criminal law representations and the system of protection of rights of the indigenous peoples of the North in the territory of Yamal and Yugra

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Olga Nikolaevna Naumenko ◽  
Valerii Terent'evich Galkin ◽  
Tat'yana Vladimirovna Tkacheva
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
General System ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The subject of this research is the traditional representations of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North that reflect the system of punishments and protection of their infringed rights when they commit a crime in a community living by the traditional culture. The article employs the following sources: codes of customary law created in Russia in the XIX century, as well as ethnographic data that include field materials collected by the authors in 2019 – 2020, and published sources that reflect the norms of customary law of the indigenous peoples of the North in the XIX – early XX centuries. The goal of this work consists in revealing the peculiarities of traditional views of the indigenous peoples of the North in the sphere of criminal law relations and protection of the infringed rights. The scientific novelty consists in two aspects: 1) consideration of the so-called “witchcraft component” in analyzing the norms of customary law; 2) use of the General System Theory of L. von Bertalanffy as methodology (synergetic approach). This approach is not usually used for cross-disciplinary historical and legal research; however, allows us understanding the mechanism of transformation of legal norms of the indigenous peoples of the North in the conditions of influence of Russian legislation. The point of bifurcation is the turning periods, when the content of legal views is being changed irrevocably, and the new version is accepted as traditional and consolidated in the customary law. In conclusion, the authors note that in the XIX – early XX centuries, the criminal law representations and mechanism of protection of rights in the traditional culture of the indigenous peoples of the North implied communication with  the spirits and hope for their justice in punishing the criminals. Certain norms of the Russian legislation that are similar to representations of the indigenous peoples of the North, infiltrated into the traditional culture, adapting to the customs; but overall, the criminal legislation of the Russian Empire collided with the views of the aborigines, which entailed the creation of the codes of customary law that were implemented in the judicial practice.

scholarly journals Between “own” and “alien”: linguistic and artistic realities, problems and perspectives of the literatures of the indigenous peoples of the North and the Far East

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 246-255
Author(s):  
Aleksei A. Arzamazov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Far East ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
The North ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Poetic Texts ◽  
The Individual

The article discusses linguistic and artistic realities, problems and perspectives of the literatures of the indigenous peoples of the North and the Far East. The author fixes the widespread writing of works in Russian, comprehends the reasons for the linguistic transition, raises the question of the theoretical and substantive expansion of the concept of “national literature”, emphasizes the importance of the individual author's ethnocultural component. The author considers as a landmark projection of the development of “minority” national literatures the method of including elements of the “native” language in a Russian-language poem, an appeal to the topic “native language”, the experience of accidentally recognizing one's own in the sounds of a genetically non-native language. Special attention is paid to the problem of literary translation into Russian, some scenarios of distortion of texts in translations and reduction precedents of important mythological contexts are presented. The conclusions obtained during the analysis of a large corpus of poetic texts from the Nenets, Dolgan, Even, Chukchi, Koryak, Nanai literatures can be of significant analytical interest in a comparative aspect.

scholarly journals Gender-specific perceptions of environmental problems by the indigenous peoples of the North of Russia

POPULATION ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
Evgenia V. Potravnaya
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gender Specific

The article deals with gender aspects of the perception of environmental problems by the population in the industrial development of the Arctic. There is substantiated the need to develop an ethno-social approach to the study of environmental problems in the framework of interaction between mining companies and the indigenous peoples of the North. It is proposed to conduct sociological surveys of the population when assessing the impact on the ethnological environment (ethnological expertise of the project). The experience of conducting such research to identify and assess gender-specific perceptions of environmental problems in the implementation of investment projects in the Arctic is shown. Based on the results of the empirical research in 2017–2019 on alluvial gold and diamond mining projects in the Northern regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the main environmental problems that concern the local population are identified. These include: pollution of the environment in the territories of traditional nature use, decrease in the number of deer, reduction in the number of objects of traditional crafts, lack of a system for garbage removal and processing, climate change, and others. The article shows specifics of the environmental problems perception by the indigenous inhabitants of the North (Evenks, Dolgans, Yukagirs, Sakha) on a gender basis. It proposes a mechanism for taking into account the gender characteristics of the population’s behavior in the impact of economic activities on the environment in order to ensure gender equality by signing an agreement between mining companies and the local population on the socio-economic development of the territory. The concept of a gender approach to the account of ethnosocial and environmental aspects of territory development with the account the life cycle of the project is substantiated. Implementation of this approach will allow a more full account of the interests and needs of the indigenous population in the industrial development of the territory in the Arctic.

scholarly journals Lost Generations? Indigenous Population of the Russian North in the Post-Soviet Era

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey N. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Population Dynamic ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Russian North ◽  
Indigenous Minorities ◽  
Post Soviet Period

This paper discusses key findings concerning population dynamic of the Indigenous minorities living in the Russian North during the post-Soviet period, highlighted by the 2002 Census. The paper places recent demographic trends into the context of past and current economic, social and institutional changes. It also provides comparisons with Indigenous population dynamics in other parts of the Arctic. Although most Indigenous peoples of the Russian North were growing numerically, they still experienced effects of Russia’s economic crisis, primarily reflected in rapidly falling fertility and rising mortality in the middle-age cohorts. In addition, both the ethnic drift and legal changes seriously contributed to the population dynamic.

The Importance of Educational Institutions in the Preservation and Development of the Culture of the Indigenous Peoples of the Arctic

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
В. Марфусалова ◽  
V. Marfusalova
Keyword(s):  
Educational Policy ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article considers the directions of the Russian educational policy in the sphere of the development of culture and education of the indigenous low-numbered peoples of the North. The role of higher pedagogical educational organizations in the preservation and strengthening of the culture of the low-numbered peoples of the Russian Federation residing in the Arctic and subarctic territories is described. The curriculum of future teachers is being revealed.

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