scholarly journals Not only experience of secondary employment at university: role of higher education in reducing labor precarization of young specialists

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 544-559
Author(s):  
Anastasia D. Sushchenko ◽  
◽  
Alexandr A. Tarasyev ◽  
Daniil G. Sandler ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Career Trajectory ◽  
Young Professionals ◽  
Secondary Employment ◽  
The University ◽  
The Unemployed

Introduction. In the context of the instability of the labor market affected by the pandemic, the interest of the state and society to the problem of deregulation of labor relations is increasing. One of the most vulnerable social groups is young professionals who have just graduated from university and do not have significant experience of interacting with employers. The purpose of the article is to study the processes of precarization of youth employment by assessing and identifying the orientation of professional and educational trajectories of university graduates belonging to the precariat in the context of their failure or success. Materials and methods. The monitoring of university graduates employed in the Ural region and beyond in 2018-2021 is used. The empirical material includes survey data (5213 full-time bachelors and masters) and administrative data. Methods of classification and factor analysis (allocation of the principal components) are applied. Results. The classification of the precariat (34.3% in the graduation structure) is proposed, including freelancers (0.9%), IT specialists (6.9%) employed on a part-time basis (6.5%), foreign students (1.5%) continuing their studies from among the unemployed (7.0%), unemployed graduates (8.6%), graduates employed in outsourcing and a mixed type of the listed groups (2.9%). Three groups of factors determining the specifics of the formation of the precariat among young professionals were identified: external factors – (1) the rate in the behavior strategy for rapid integration in the labor market (the significance of the high salary factor = 0.683); (2) the development of a career trajectory (the significance of the factor of having subordinates = 0.784, significance of having a managerial position = 0.722); internal factors – (3) orientation to self-realization in professional activity, deepening of competencies (the significance of the factor of continuing training = 0.648). Secondary employment at the university helps graduates immediately after graduation to reduce the risk of unemployment, to achieve faster integration in the labor market (among employed precariates – 85% combined work and study at the university, among the unemployed the share was 63%), but it is not a differentiating factor in determining the principal components. The focus of higher education (in particular, IT specialties, mathematics and engineering) largely determines the financial success in the group of unstable employees. Conclusions. In the modern conditions of the labor market, the precariat cannot strictly be called an unsuccessful social group. The advantage of the unstable employed graduates is that they are able to adapt to the uncertainty of the labor market by choosing flexible forms of employment, sometimes even without losing in wages, career trajectory, enhancement of their competencies, constantly updating knowledge, skills, self-realization in professional activity.

Employment preferences of employers and competence requirements for young professionals

10.12737/4874 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Матюшко ◽  
A. Matyushko
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Youth Policy ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Young Professionals ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
The University

Labor market almost daily updated with young professionals — university graduates, who get up to the first stage of his career. Young professionals or the university graduates make up a large part of the working population of Russia and occupy an important place in the reproduction and development of human resources and are major innovative potential. Transition to innovative development of Russia’s economy implies new requirements for the development of young people, and for the youth policy objectives. The main goal of the medium-and long-term national youth policy is to increase the human capital of young people and increase their competitiveness.The idea of the perfect young professional today is variously as employers and graduates.This article presents the results of Orenburg region employers research. Main research areas: staffing needs of employers and ways of addressing them, the general and specific requirements of employers to young professionals, evaluation of the young specialists level of training. Practical recommendations to improve the competitiveness of young professionals on the labor market and the development of partnerships with higher education institutions and employers in the region.

scholarly journals Interaction of universities and employers as a basis for training financial managers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.Ю. Гирфанова
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Education System ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Learning Trajectory ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Joint Activities ◽  
The University

Актуальность статьи обусловлена тем, что в современных условиях конкурентной среды работодатели становятся центром потребления выпускников высших учебных заведений. Однако на протяжении последних десятилетий система высшего образования не соответствует запросам своей целевой аудитории – социума и рынка труда. Рынок труда на сегодняшний день невозможно прогнозировать, наше общество все еще находится на этапе реформирования и часто социально-экономическая сфера страдает от несистемных трансформаций. Из-за увеличения информационного потока, глобализации и цифровизации происходят качественные изменения на рынке труда, перевес специалистов одних направлений подготовки при колоссальном дефиците других. Выпускники остаются невостребованными после получения диплома. Безусловно, те специалисты, которые уже имеют высшее образование, встают на траекторию постоянного обучения, но имеющиеся проблемы формируют гигантский провал между сторонами одной системы – вузом, работодателями и самими выпускниками. Часто работодатели проявляют излишне высокие требования к выпускникам. Компетенции будущих финансовых менеджеров формируются иногда без учета потребности в реальном секторе. Потребители системы высшего образования остаются не удовлетворены качеством выпускников, производители не имеют связи со сферой рынка труда для обеспечения нужными компетенциями. Кадровая политика большинства российских организаций ориентирована в основном на достижение текущих результатов, а не на перспективное развитие; вузы же должны строить свой учебный процесс на перспективу, готовя специалистов с ориентацией на опережающий спрос на рабочую силу. Возникает разрыв между двумя системами, которые должны работать в прочной связке. Отсутствует государственное регулирование прямой и обратной связи между рынком образовательных услуг и запросами работодателей. Поэтому данные виды коллаборации необходимо продумывать самим вузам либо работодателям. Автором проведено исследование работодателей, выявившее основные формы и показатели коллаборации вузовской системы и работодателей. Определены уровень потенциальной вовлеченности в систему сотрудничества с работодателями, возможные варианты и направления совместной деятельности в области набора студентов, организации практики и формирования компетенций для повышения эффективности. Статья предназначена для руководителей образовательных организаций, преподавателей, работодателей. Today employers are the center of consumption for university graduates. But over the past decades, the higher education system has discrepancy for its target audience - society and the labor market. It is impossible to predict the progress of labor market, our society is still at the stage of reforming. The socio-economic sphere suffers from non-systemic transformations. Qualitative changes are taking place in the labor market, the preponderance of specialists in some areas of training, while there is a colossal shortage of other specialists. Graduates remain unclaimed after graduation. Graduates are embarking on a continuous learning trajectory, but problems create a gap between the parties of the same system - the university, employers and graduates. Often employers show excessively high demands on graduates. The competencies of future financial managers are building up without taking into account the need for the real sector. Consumers of the higher education system remain dissatisfied with the quality of graduates, manufacturers have no connection with the labor market to provide the necessary competencies. The personnel policy of most Russian organizations is focused mainly on achieving current results without long-term development. Universities should build their educational process for the future based on labor`s demands. There is a gap between the two systems, which must work in a strong bond. There is no government regulation of direct and feedback between the educational services market and employers' requests. Therefore, universities should make collaborations with employers by themselves. The author conducted a study of employers, which revealed the main forms and indicators of collaboration between the university system and employers. The level of potential involvement in the system of cooperation with employers, possible options and directions of joint activities in the field of student recruitment, organization of practice and the formation of competencies to improve efficiency have been determined. The article is intended for heads of educational organizations, teachers, employers.

scholarly journals Competence - Based Learning in the Romanian Higher Education: Perceptions from the Inside

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Adela Coman ◽  
Catalina Bonciu
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Business World ◽  
Postgraduate Programme ◽  
Postgraduate Studies ◽  
The University

This study aims to address the problem of competencies offered by the Romanian universities, from the perspective of the players interested in them and present on the labor market: post-university graduates and employers, as competencies’ beneficiaries. We started from the premise that postgraduate studies can make a difference in a changing labor market, and the Master specializations offered by the Romanian universities can provide the competencies required by the employers, particularly in the business world. Our exploratory research aimed mainly to clarify the following aspects: the perception of post-university graduates on the competencies acquired and the perceived level of these competencies; if there is a link between the postgraduate programme and the job currently held by the graduate; if graduates are satisfied /dissatisfied with their job and what is the main reason for satisfaction / dissatisfaction; if the competencies provided by the university coincide with the competencies required by the employer. The results of the research showed that there are categories of competencies perceived to be deficient, both by graduates and employers. However, the graduates declare that, broadly, they are satisfied with their jobs, the reasons not being linked, in most cases, with their level of competence.

The education system in the era of the fourth industrial revolution: developing skills and thinking for learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
S. Bespalyy ◽  
◽  
Ye. Ifutina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Education System ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The Impact

Computer systems and technologies are changing our society significantly. These changes are interconnected with both social and production spheres. Innovative digital technologies have a huge impact on the labor market and professional activity, contributing to their transfer to the electronic environment. Using digital technologies, modern people set new goals and solve problems with an increasing speed of problem solving, capitalizing on the possibilities of collaborative distributed actions within networks. In this regard, new competencies of specialists are in demand. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the impact of the fourth industrial revolution on the education system and the development of skills and thinking for learning. Methods: When conducting scientific research, economic and statistical methods were used. These methods were also used in comparative analysis, as well as in assessing data and indicators of the higher education system, taking into account the impact of the fourth industrial revolution. The analytical method was used to consider the characteristics and factors influencing the development of skills and thinking for learning in modern conditions. The abstract-logical method is used to identify problems affecting the development of the labor market under the influence of digital technologies. Results and their value: The result of the study is that conclusions are drawn about the upcoming changes. Automation and digitalization are likely to lead to significant unemployment in most countries, so adaptation innovation policies are needed to help offset unemployment due to digitalization. Governments need to invest heavily in higher education as an economic development tool for their citizens. Lifelong learning should be identified as a critical element of success in the era of the fourth industrial revolution. Curricula should develop digital skills and address workforce disruptions due to automation.

Professional competencies as a key factor in the competitiveness of specialists in the labor market

Fisheries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Svetlana Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Professional Competencies ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Key Factor

The article considers the factors of formation of professional competencies of university graduates and their influence on the construction of personal trajectories of professional activity of young specialists in the labor market.

scholarly journals The Wider Impacts of Universities: Habermas on Learning Processes and Universities

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Eckhardt Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
The Self ◽  
Societal Impact ◽  
Functionalist Theory ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

The discourse of reform in higher education tends to focus narrowly on employability and the relationship between higher education and the labor market. Universities as research institutions are now considered solely in the dominant discourse of innovation. This way of conceiving universities is inspired by functionalist theory that focuses on the imperatives of a knowledge economy. Taking a departure in the theory of society developed by Jürgen Habermas this paper seeks to provide a theoretical framework for an empirical comparative analysis on the wider societal impact of universities. It is the argument that the wider impacts of higher education and research at universities must be seen in a more complex vision of modern societies. The paper is thus primarily a re-reading of Habermas’ critique of functionalist views of the university and an application of Habermas’ critique on current issues in the debates on higher education. A special discussion will be taken on issues of the self in view of the current tendencies to regard all education from the standpoint of the economic outputs.

scholarly journals The Role of Universities in Sustainable Economic Development In Pivotal

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
Zoha Adel Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
Second World

institution is one of the highest institutions that have the task of providing the development needs of the community of specialists in various fields, in addition to being the centers of scientific research and applied to ensure economic and social progress It enriches decision makers with expertise and skills and thus controls political performance. In any society, the university can not play its full role in social change without interaction between the individual on the one hand and the social environment on the other, Social and interdependent Ah syndrome change, they strengthen the skills, and enrich the spirit of innovation of the individual, and raise the level of social progress. It helps to improve the conditions of the poor segments of the population and facilitates the employment opportunities of the individuals imposed by the society as they meet the needs of the individual and society of different professions, thus providing an opportunity for production and thus have a positive impact on the standard of living to achieve the well-being of the individual and the citizen. The interest reflected on the progress, such as Germany, which was interested in it became one of the main reasons that led to the rise of Germany from the ruins of the Second World War as well as the State of Malaysia, which moved from developing countries to the second world countries by changing the plan Colleges and institutes of universities. In 2020, Malaysia will be among the developed countries. In these countries, higher education, vocational training and training are viewed as a basis for life supplementation and are seen as a major means of improving and upgrading society. If we are to explore the dimensions of education in the 21st century, one of the pillars of education is learning for action, Usually involves the acquisition of skills and the linking of knowledge to practice as an essential part of the training and rehabilitation of the individual for practical life. Hence, such new trends in linking educational preparation to work have been imposed by the labor market and the working life in its new forms. Production and service facilities, The advanced, assumed graduates who can be employed and absorbed can contribute to the development of competitiveness, to provide innovations and creations to achieve the competitive advantage of the enterprise, and to improve production and productivity based primarily on the acquisition and application of knowledge. Gamerdinger reveals that the new technology does not accelerate the possibilities for sound economic policies and increasing global trade, and this requires strategies to develop work related to the development of human performance, and in order to face the state of chronic unemployment globally, education policies are headed towards the so-called reverse conversion as many graduates of specializations Literaries choose vocational and technical education in technical and community colleges. Unemployment in the Arab world carries certain characteristics that must be taken into account when developing the solutions available to them. The most important of these characteristics are: Unemployment is a youth phenomenon. Weak professional experience available to the unemployed. Lack of targeted planning for the labor market. The large gap between the outputs of higher education for youth and the requirements of the labor market. The most important recommendations aimed at enhancing the role of universities in Iraq are: 1 - the operation of labor graduates of technical and technical institutes in the industrial field in order to promote them and eliminate unemployment and increase the hard currency as an important category of Iraqi society, which contributes actively to the renaissance of the country. Linking the Ministry of Industry and Commerce with the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research to be managed by the Minister of Education alone. The Ministry is keen on the funds of the Iraqi people and contributes to the development of the industrial and commercial sectors with the help of professors and university students. 3 - the need to match the needs of the market and education outputs to reduce unemployment, in addition to the vocational education has become an urgent need at this stage to keep pace with the needs of life in society away from the negative view of this education. 4 - Increasing the number of technical workshops and providing them with the means of material in order to provide the university student maximum desired learning. Enhancing the role of higher education in building a broader partnership and cooperation with various other community institutions (public, private and private sector). 6 - Re-admission plan in universities by making the number of admissions in scientific colleges more than the number of admissions in the humanitarian colleges. 7 - Attracting foreign investment companies to invest natural resources in Iraq such as phosphate, natural gas, oil, oil shale, uranium, silica and geothermal energy for the recovery of the economy and the trend towards domestic consumption.

HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS SUBORDINATE TO THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE-A FORGE OF PERSONNEL FOR THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ирина Ивановна Широкорад ◽  
Олеся Михайловна Фадеева ◽  
Елена Геннадьевна Пафнутова
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Education System ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Productive Labor ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

Система высшего образования развивается не в изоляции. Она находится в непосредственной зависимости от школьной системы и от рынка труда. С одной стороны, образовательные результаты, полученные в университете, зависят от уровня знаний и навыков, которые получили студенты на предыдущем этапе образования, с другой стороны, ожидаемое высокое качество жизни, которое является ключевой мотивацией для поступления в вуз для большинства населения, определяется состоянием и структурой рынка труда. Именно наличие спроса на продуктивную рабочую силу определяет результативность системы высшего образования. The higher education system does not develop in isolation. It is directly dependent on the school system and the labor market. On the one hand, the educational results obtained at the University depend on the level of knowledge and skills that students received at the previous stage of education, on the other hand, the expected high quality of life, which is a key motivation for entering the University for the majority of the population, is determined by the state and structure of the labor market. It is the demand for productive labor that determines the effectiveness of the higher education system.

Employment Characteristics of University Graduates in the Russian Labor Market

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-157
Author(s):  
Tatiana Razumova ◽  
Olga Zolotina
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
After School ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Professional Field ◽  
Market Relations ◽  
Employment Characteristics

The article presents the results of study of the positions of university graduates in the Russian labor market. The relevance of the subject is due to the fact that getting higher education instead of starting to work directly after school is now considered a social norm, and the fact that the structure of training in specialties and its quality, as stated by the top officials, does not meet the needs of the economy. The research is based on data of the first selective observation of employment of graduates of Rosstat, obtained in 2016, and the Ministry of Education and Science monitoring of graduates employment of 2015-2017. In the paper we assess the employment rate of young people with higher education by age groups; highlight regional features of university graduates employment; evaluate employment characteristics by groups of specialties; we study the distribution of employed university graduates by types of economic activity in comparison with the all-Russian structure of employment. It is concluded, that with an increase in the level of education the probability of success employment, including finding a job in the specialty, increases; and that job satisfaction is higher for those who work in their professional field. For NEET youth with higher education, recommendations on how to integrate into the labor market relations have been suggested.

The Essence and Structure of Innovative Pedagogical Activity in the Conditions of the University

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Каравайцев ◽  
K. Karavaytsev
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Young Professionals ◽  
Applied Aspect ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The University

Innovative pedagogical activity in a higher educational establishment requires special attention, because it is a systemforming element of innovative processes in the higher education system as a whole. The essence of innovative pedagogical activities is to improve the quality of the educational process through the introduction used in the process of learning new teaching methods, improvement of knowledge, skills and abilities to enhance the theoretical and applied aspect in the training of specialists. For developing the capabilities of young specialists, who tend to innovate, you need to create the appropriate conditions and this can be achieved by creating an innovative platform for young scientists. The paper examines the pedagogical foundations of innovative activity, innovative platform with its potential for the development of young professionals.

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