scholarly journals Mesothelin versus Ca125 in Screening the Ovarian Malignancy

2016 ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Meliana Jayasaputra ◽  
Freddy W Wagey ◽  
Max R Rarung
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Ovarian Malignancy ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Auc Value ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Objective: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of mesothelin compared with Ca-125 as a tumor marker in predicting ovarian malignancy. Method: The cross sectional study design with diagnostic tests was conducted in 30 samples of patients undergoing elective laparotomy due to ovarian tumor. We compared the sensitivity and specificity between mesothelin and Ca-125, then the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.0. Result: According to the ROC curve analysis, optimal sensitivity and specificity value of mesothelin was 63.2% and 54.5% at a cut-off point of 0.45 pg/ml; or 42.1% and 72.7% at a cut-off point of 0.55 pg/ml. While the value of both optimal sensitivity and specificity of Ca-125 was 73.7% and 63.6% at a cut-off point of 46.63 U/ml. Conclusion: Mesothelin and Ca-125 are not different significantly for the AUC value of 50%. Due to higher sensitivity and specificity of Ca-125 than mesothelin, Ca-125 is still used as tumor marker for screening the ovarian malignancy. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 4-2: 107-110] Keywords: Ca-125, mesothelin, ovarian malignancy

scholarly journals Sensitivity and specificity of waist circumference as a single screening tool for assessment of overweight and obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 4254
Author(s):  
Anubrata Karmakar ◽  
Shobhit Garg ◽  
Aparajita Dasgupta ◽  
Bobby Paul ◽  
Swanya P. Maharana
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Generalised and central obesity are established risk factors for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Easy assessment of overweight or obesity is the need of the hour from public health perspective. Waist circumference (WC) can be a simple screening tool for identifying overweight individuals since measuring WC is simple, inexpensive, less time consuming, convenient for self-monitoring and needs no complicated calculation as BMI.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in January-February 2017 among 338 adults, in a village of Singur Block, West Bengal. Height, weight and WC were measured for each subject. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to estimate the cut-off values of WC.Results: The sensitivity and specificity of WC ≥90 centimeters for men for identifying overweight (BMI ≥25) were 78.8% and 75.6% respectively, whereas those of WC ≥80 cm for women were 80.3% and 44% respectively. ROC curve analysis revealed good diagnostic accuracy at 88.5 cm for WC cut-off for men (area under curve (AUC) 0.854, sensitivity 86.5%, specificity 67.6%) and fair accuracy (AUC 0.744, sensitivity 80.3%, specificity 44%) for WC cut-off for 80 cm for women.Conclusions: This study shows, WC can be used for screening of overweight individual infield practice as measuring tape is inexpensive and easy-to-carry compared to a weighing scale. More research may be done on larger sample size to establish an optimal WC cut-off value for Indian population. 

scholarly journals Using N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide to diagnose cardiac abnormalities in children with dyspneaen with dyspnea

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Zakaria Mukalla ◽  
Ria Nova ◽  
Legiran Legiran ◽  
Yangtjik Yangtjik
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiac Abnormality ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiac Abnormalities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Heart Abnormalities ◽  
Auc Value

Background. Dyspnea could be caused by various reason, one of which is the presence of cardiac abnormality. Physical examination sometimes difficult to distinguish breath caused by heart abnormalities, especially small children, so we need another way to find out.Objective. To evaluate whether the examination of NT-proBNP levels can be used as a screening tool to diagnose cardiac abnormality in children presenting with dyspnea.Methods. A Cross sectional study was conducted from August to October 2015 on pediatric patients aged 1 month to 18 years presenting with dyspnea in pediatric ward Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang. All subjects performed blood sampling for NT-proBNP examination and echocardiography to assess the presence of cardiac abnormalities. The diagnostic value analyzed by ROC curve, and determined the optimal cut-off point, sensitivity and specificity. Result. We obtained 58 subjects with median age 9.5 (1-180) months, consisted of 39 subjects with cardiac abnormalities and 19 subjects without cardiac abnormality. There is a significant difference (p = 0.002) of NT-proBNP levels in both groups with a median  1,775 (189-9,000) pg/ml vs 759 (245-9,000) pg/ml. In ROC curve analysis, AUC value was 0.75, and at the optimal cut-off point 1,235 pg/ml, sensitivity was 74.4% and specificity was 73.7%.Conclusion. The level of NT-proBNP can be used to diagnose cardiac abnormalities in children presenting with dyspnea.

scholarly journals Role of human epididymis protein 4 for detection of ovarian carcinoma in adnexal masses: A pilot study

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Bansal ◽  
A. Suneja ◽  
K. Guleria ◽  
N. B. Vaid ◽  
K. Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adnexal Masses ◽  
Good Discriminator ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy Index ◽  
Benign Tumours

Introduction: HE4 is a novel tumour biomarker used for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of HE4 alone and in combination with CA125, risk of malignancy index (RMI), risk of malignancy algorithm (ROMA). Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted recruiting 88 women with adnexal masses who were planned for surgery. After baseline work up and ultrasound examination, serum samples were collected for estimation of CA 125 and HE4 levels. Serum HE4 levels were estimated using ELISA kit. RMI and ROMA score were calculated and diagnostic accuracy of HE4, CA 125, RMI, ROMA and their combination were compared. Cut off for HE4 and ROMA score were calculated using ROC curve. Results: Of 88 subjects, 66 were analyzed with 19 malignant (including 5 LMP) and 47 benign cases. The median value of HE4 among malignant cases was found to be significantly higher than among the benign cases. PPV and NPV of HE4 at a cut off 130.8 pMol/ml was 85.7% and 77.9% respectively. Highest PPV (88.9%) with acceptable NPV (80.7%) was found with ROMA followed by HE4 (PPV 85.7%; NPV 77.97%), RMI (PPV 76.92%; NPV 83%) and CA125 (PPV 52%; NPV 80.85%). Conclusion: HE4 levels were lower in Indian population both in malignant and benign tumours as compared to other studies. HE4 is a good discriminator and gives best accuracy when it is combined with CA125 in a logistic algorithm, ROMA.

Knowledge and Practices Regarding Early Colostrum Feeding Among Mothers in Erbil Governorate: a Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madiha M Abas ◽  
Shukir Saleem Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Colostrum Feeding ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Data Frequency

Abstract Background and objectives: Colostrum is the first breastfeed which is a product by the mother. it has containing high amounts and concentrations of nutrients and antibodies. Methods: A comparative, cross-sectional study was conducted in different areas in Erbil Governorate. During the period started on 2nd Jan. to the end of May. 2019. Non- probability of 400 mothers who delivered their baby by normal vaginal delivery in the hospitals were recruited. A special tool was constructed by researchers, a direct face-to-face interview was adapted. Data were collected and interpreted to the computer. A special SPSS software version 23 was used for analyzing the data, frequency, chi-square, and two tailed t-test statistical analysis was applied for the study.Results: Incorrect knowledge among Erbil city and Koy-Sanjaq city was observed, with better information among Shaqlawa mothers. Poor practices of colostrum feeding among all mothers, and found a statistically significant association between mother’s knowledge, and relay to an association between mothers’ practices. Statistically significant differences were found between Erbil city and Koy-Sanjaq city; between Shaqlawa city and Koy-Sanjaq city concerning mothers’ practices respectively, with non-statistically differences between Erbil and Shaqlawa mothers, also non-statistically significant differences between mothers’ practices in Erbil and Shaqlawa city. There are statistically differences between mothers in Erbil, Koy-Sanjaq, and between Erbil and Shaqlawa with no statistical difference between Koy-Sanjaq and Shaqlawa mothers regarding knowledge. Conclusions: The mothers in Shaqlawa city had better knowledge and all three districts were having poor practices regarding colostrum feeding.

The effects of dyslipidemia on noise-induced hearing loss in a petrochemical workers in the Southwest of Iran

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Payam Rashnoudi ◽  
Arman Amiri ◽  
Maryam Omidi ◽  
Abbas Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Noise Induced Hearing Loss ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Southwest Of Iran ◽  
Total Blood Cholesterol

BACKGROUND: Research has shown that the decrease in the inner diameter of vessels caused by hyperlipidemia lowers the capacity for blood oxygen delivery to the cochlea. This leads to impaired cochlear metabolism and causes hearing problems. OBJECTIVE: The effects of dyslipidemia on noise-induced hearing loss in workers were examined. METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 692 male employees in a petrochemical industry in the southwest of Iran exposed to 85 dB noise. Clinical audiometry and blood sample tests were used to evaluate the hearing and prevalence indices of dyslipidemia (cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL). The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25 (p = 0.05). RESULTS: The results showed that the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 24.5%with abnormal relative triglyceride frequency of 49.5%, HDL of 28%, LDL of 33%, and total blood cholesterol level of 37.8%. There was no significant relationship between NIHL and dyslipidemia (p >  0.09). However, the major NIHL drops at different frequencies were in the individuals with dyslipidemia. The parameters age and dyslipidemia increased NIHL odds ratio (95%C.I.). by 1.130 (1.160–1.100) and 1.618 (2.418–1.082) respectively CONCLUSION: The rate of hearing loss in individuals with dyslipidemia increases at different frequencies and it leads to an increase of the OR of NIHL in individuals with dyslipidemia. We can control dyslipidemia and its effective factors. The NIHL is more common in people exposed to noise.

Evaluation of Supratentorial Brain Neoplasms - A Cross Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital, Surendranagar, Gujarat

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (26) ◽  
pp. 2253-2259
Author(s):  
Mohit B. Gor ◽  
Kuldeepsinh D. Mori ◽  
Mehul N. Bavishi ◽  
Nirmala C. Chudasama ◽  
Jaypalsinh D. Barad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiplanar Imaging ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

BACKGROUND Brain tumours represents 1.7 % of all cancers and contributes 1.8 % of all cancer deaths. Of all the brain tumours, 80 % are supratentorial.1 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important modality, having higher sensitivity for detecting intracranial pathology. Multiplanar imaging is possible with MRI which helps in detection, localization and characterization of the lesion. MRI examination has helped in early diagnosis, accurate localization of the tumour, with prompt initiation of appropriate medical or surgical therapy. Recent advances like magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy, MR fluoroscopy with stereotactic guided biopsy have revolutionized the role of MRI in study of intracranial tumours. METHODS A cross sectional study of 75 patients was done by Siemens Essenza 1.5T MRI from June 2018 to June 2020 using dedicated head coil. RESULTS In our study, most of the patients were between 31 - 60 years of age (39 % of all patients) with the largest group between 31 - 40 years (20 % of all patients). Out of 75 cases of supratentorial neoplasms, 47 (72 %) were intra-axial lesions, 15 (23 %) were extra-axial lesions and 3 (5 %) were intra ventricular lesions. In this study, 69 % of the lesions were solitary and 31 % were multiple. Most of patients (89 %) showed some enhancement, most common being heterogeneous/inhomogeneous enhancement. Commonest type of supratentorial neoplasms were metastases comprising 29 % of this study. CONCLUSIONS Magnetic resonance imaging is an important modality, having higher sensitivity for detecting intracranial pathology. Multiplanar imaging is possible with MRI which helps in early detection, localization and characterization of the lesion. Metastasis is the most common supratentorial tumour in this study followed by meningioma. Intra-axial tumours are more common than extra-axial tumours in this study. KEYWORDS MRI, Metastasis, Glioma, Meningioma

scholarly journals Investigating social media statistics of usage and its determinant factors in students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in 2018: A cross-sectional study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiva Bozorgpanah ◽  
Ghobad Moradi ◽  
Pourya Bahrami ◽  
Elham Noori ◽  
Mohammad Pourya Ezati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Use Of Social Media

Abstract Background and Aim: the present study was conducted to investigate social media statistics of usage and its determinant factors in students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in 2018.Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional-analytical study. The total of 380 students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences were randomly selected by Probability Proportional to Size Sampling method, from the lists of the students in each faculty. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, organized in four sections. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS software version 21.Results: Based on the results of this study 373 (98.2%) of the sample students were on social media, which the most popular ones among them were Telegram (94.1%), Instagram (78.8%) and Whatsapp (61.9%), respectively. The average time spent on social media among students was reported to be 2.78 hours per day and is a significant difference between age groups in terms of attitudes toward using social media (P = 0.031).Conclusion: the results of this study suggested that the majority of students use social media. Since improper use of social media can exert unfortunate effects on different aspects of life of students, and negatively influence their education.

scholarly journals Fauna and frequency of hard ticks of livestock in South Khorasan province in 2018: Short Communication

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-193
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Hard Tick ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
South Khorasan

Identification of hard tick species and their hosts are essential for the development of control and prevention programs for tick-borne diseases. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, ticks were collected from the sheep, goat, and camel in different regions of South Khorasan province, Iran in 2018 through cluster sampling method. Fauna and frequency of ticks were recorded and analyzed in SPSS software (version?). In total, 977 ticks were collected, such as: Hyalomma spp, including Hy. dromedarii (40.5%), Hy. anatulicum (30.7%), Hy. marginatum (12.5%), Hy. asciaticum (6.8%), Hy. schulzei (4.4%), Hy. detritum (3.2%), and Hy. scupense (1.1%); Rhipicephalus spp, including Rh. bursa (0.3%), Rh. sanguineus (0.2%); and Haemaphysalis spp, including Ha. concina (0.2%), and Ha. punctate (0.1%). The ticks have a high frequency in the region and the identified species in this study were vectors of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF). Moreover, the Hyalomma species is dominant and prevalent throughout the studied region in spring and summer. Therefore the health system of the province has to put into consideration the essential care, education and informing about the CCHF disease.

scholarly journals Nurses’ Self-report on the Infection Control Unit Activities and their Experience in the Hospital toward Nosocomial Infections in the Sulaimani Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-177
Author(s):  
Ramand Haji ◽  
◽  
Dana Abdilkarim ◽  
Salar Ali ◽  
Srwa Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Spss Software

Background and objectives: Nurses can prevent the occurrence and transmission of noso-comial infections by following infection control measures such as wearing gloves and masks, using appropriate disinfection of skin and preventing accidental needle-stick inju-ries. This research aimed to evaluate the availability of hospital uniforms, personal protec-tive equipment, and infection control activities at hospitals in Sulaimani in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, and to examine nurses’ experience of nosocomial infections. Methods and materials: A cross-sectional study was performed at 10 governmental hospi-tals during the period from 20th February to 28th September 2018. 525 nurses were se-lected as participants by a convenience sampling method. A self-administrated question-naire was used to collect data, which were analysed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that 268 nurses (51%) reported that their hospitals provided sufficient uniforms to all the medical staff and the majority of nurses, 444 respondents (84.6%) stated that they were responsible for cleaning their working uniforms. 441 nurses reported that they did not acquire a nosocomial infection, and 479 (91.2%) did not have an accident during their work in the hospital. 79.9% of the nurses (404) reported recapping syringe needles after the usage, and 98 (18.7%) gave a low rating to the infection control unit activity in their hospitals. Finally, more than half of nurses (330) representing 62.9% of the sample were vaccinated against nosocomial infections. Conclusions: Most of Sulaimani governmental hospitals are providing sufficient uniforms for the health staff, the majority of nurses were vaccinated against one or more nosocomi-al infections, and the majority of nurses do needle syringe recapping.

scholarly journals Maternal Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A Levels in Late First Trimester as a Predictor of Miscarriage- A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nivedita Sinha ◽  
Alpana Singh ◽  
BD Banerjee ◽  
Rachna Agarwal ◽  
Himsweta Srivastva
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asymptomatic Women

Indroduction: Miscarriage is the most common complication of pregnancy. Defective implantation is one of the common causes of miscarriage. Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) is secreted from syncytiotrophoblast and it enables trophoblast invasion. Few studies have shown association of PAPP-A with miscarriage. However, there is limited data available to establish the role of PAPP-A as a predictive marker of miscarriage, especially in Indian population. Aim: To determine the potential of maternal PAPP-A level estimation in asymptomatic women in late first trimester (10-13 weeks) with viable foetus in predicting subsequent miscarriage. Materials and Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted from November 2016 to April 2018 at University College of Medical Science and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India. Asymptomatic pregnant women (N=500) at 10-13 weeks of gestation were recruited from an antenatal clinic after confirmation of foetal viability. A 2 mL of blood sample was collected and serum PAPP-A level was measured. Independent t-test and Chi-square test was used to compare continuous data and Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare PAPP-A Multiple of Median (MOM). Logistic regression was used to estimate risk of miscarriage. Results: Out of 500 participants, 9 were lost to follow-up. From remaining N=491, 32 (6.5%) women had a miscarriage. PAPP-A levels were significantly decreased in miscarriage group compared to ongoing pregnancy group with median MOM 0.116 (0.080-0.17) and 1.25 (0.665-3.249) respectively (p-value <0.001). PAPP-A MOM value of ≤10th percentile sensitivity and specificity of detection of miscarriage was 81.25% and 94.98% and at ≤5th percentile sensitivity and specificity was 40.62% and 97.82%, respectively. Lower the percentile cut-off of serum PAPP-A value, higher was the specificity and positive predictive value for prediction of miscarriage. By applying logistic regression we found that if PAPP-A MOM decreases by 1 unit the chances of miscarriage increased by 1.2 times. By this model 63.2% of cases could be explained (Nagelkerke R Square=0.632). For prediction of pregnancies likely to miscarry, the area under Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve (95% CI) was 0.969 (0.955-0.983). Conclusion: Low serum PAPP-A levels from asymptomatic women in late 1st trimester is a good predictive marker of miscarriage.

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