La "Domiciliazione imposta" e la sedentarizzazione dei Rom a Melfi

2009 ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Stefania Pontrandolfo
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Local Level ◽  
State Policies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Anthropology ◽  
Institutional Practices ◽  
The One ◽  
Central Level

- The paper presents some reflections about the historical anthropology of a Southern Italy rom community, rooted since many centuries in the region Basilicata, in the little town of Melfi. These families sedentarization process can be considered as the result of special Italian state policies and of different institutional practices. The paper shows on the one hand the policies adopted at a central level and their implementation at a local level, and on the other the strategies with whom the rom faced them. Finally, the comparison between Italian different regional contexts offers a deeper understanding about these processes.

Policy and Practice: An Overview

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Cohen ◽  
Deborah Loewenberg Ball
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Classroom Practice ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Early Report ◽  
State Policies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
School Practices ◽  
The One

Policymakers in the U. S. have been trying to change schools and school practices for years. Though studies of such policies raise doubts about their effects, the last decade has seen an unprecedented increase in state policies designed to change instructional practice. One of the boldest and most comprehensive of these has been undertaken in California, where state policymakers have launched an ambitious effort to improve teaching and learning in schools. We offer an early report on California's reforms, focusing on mathematics. State officials have been promoting substantial changes in instruction designed to deepen students' mathematical understanding, to enhance their appreciation of mathematics and to improve their capacity to reason mathematically. If successful, these reforms would be a sharp departure from existing classroom practice, which attends chiefly to computational skills. The research reported here focuses on teachers' early responses to the state's efforts to change mathematics instruction. The case studies of five teachers highlight a key dilemma in such ambitious reforms. On the one hand, teachers are seen as the root of the problem: their instruction is mechanical, often boring, and superficial. On the other hand, teachers are cast as the key agents of improvement because students will not learn the new mathematics that policymakers intend unless teachers learn that math and teach it. But how can teachers teach a mathematics that they never learned, in ways they never experienced? That is the question explored in this special issue.

Studies of Central–Provincial Relations in the People's Republic of China: A Mid-Term Appraisal

1995 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 487-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Ho Chung
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Government Relations ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
The One ◽  
Central Level

Spatial aspects of power have been relatively neglected in the field of political science in general, with the notable exception of federalism. Many have argued that the study of political power has generally confined itself to the national level and paid scant attention to the interactions between the central government on the one hand and regional and local authorities on the other. Several tendencies have worked against the flourishing of political research on central-local government relations in the last three decades. First, in methodological terms, the “behavioural revolution” that swept the discipline caused a sudden premature end to the institutional analysis so crucial to central-local government relations. Secondly, in thematic terms, political scientists have been overly preoccupied with central-level processes of decision-making while neglecting the politics of central-local relations. Thirdly, in conceptual terms, the rise of “state” as an encompassing concept was facilitated largely at the expense of complex intra-governmental dynamics.

A Cosmopolitical Ethnography of a Changing Climate among the Q’ero of the Peruvian Andes

Anthropos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-52
Author(s):  
Geremia Cometti
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Peruvian Andes ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Multiple Worlds ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
The One

The Q’ero of the Peruvian Andes are suffering rapid changes in their environment due to climate change. This article puts forward the necessity of a cosmopolitical ethnography in order to understand how a specific society deals with climate change. On the one hand, a subtle ethnography can indeed enable the researcher to transcribe the point of view of the societies directly concerned, making it possible to go beyond an approach based on the dichotomies emanating from state policies and development enterprises, like those between nature and culture or tradition and modernity. On the other hand, a cosmopolitical approach will shed new light on the way in which those societies confront this double threat by revealing the cohabitation of multiple worlds.

scholarly journals The Chartist Prisoners, 1839–41

1979 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
National Perspective ◽  
The One ◽  
Local Research

Historians of Chartism face a dilemma. On the one hand, they are obliged to interpret this national political movement on the national level, to attempt to explain why millions of British working men and women were engaged in organized political activity over several decades. But, on the other hand, many of the richest sources on Chartism are found on the local level. Older histories of the movement treated Chartism from a national perspective, but failed to take note of many of its complexities. More recently, a good deal of local research has rigorously tested our assumptions about Chartism, but the task of carefully analyzing the movement on the national level still remains.

Popular lexicon of Greek origin in Italian varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-120
Author(s):  
Francesco Crifò
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Romance Languages ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One

AbstractGreek-speaking people have been sailing the Mediterranean for millennia. At various stages of their development from Latin, the Romance languages have been influenced by their idiom. In Italy and in its islands, this role has been particularly evident due to the many rich and culturally active colonies in Southern Italy before and during the Roman period on the one hand, and through the later Byzantine occupation, which lasted several centuries in some areas, on the other. In this article, after a brief summary of the historical background (2.), the characteristics of the lexical borrowings from Greek in the local idioms of Southern (3.) as well as of Central and Northern Italy (4.) will be sketched. Here and there, and in the conclusions (5.), the status quaestionis and the latest orientations of the research will also be broadly outlined.

The Carnival of the Salento Greeks in Martignano: Functions and Symbols

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-135
Author(s):  
Светлана Александровна Сиднева
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Typical Structure ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Cultural Features

Карнавал Салентийской Греции (il Carnevale della Grecìa Salentina) в коммуне Мартиньяно является примером традиции этноязыковых меньшинств Южной Италии, сознательно восстановленной с учетом довольно архаичных и специфичных для традиционной культуры черт. С одной стороны, событие имеет типичную для европейских календарных праздников, точнее, городских карнавалов, структуру и включает такие мероприятия, как представления с масками, парады повозок с аллегорическими фигурами, сожжение или разрывание масленичного чучела, символизирующего уходящий период года. С другой стороны, в зависимости от социально-политической номенклатуры ритуалы обретают дополнительные смыслы, новые функции, празднества обогащаются воссозданными или новоустановленными ритуалами. Источниками работы стали личные наблюдения и опросы во время праздника в феврале 2013 г., материалы официального сайта салентийского карнавала и из архивов Культурно-туристического парка им. Дж. Пальмьери в Мартиньяно, итальянские СМИ, итальянские туристические сайты, работы итальянских, греческих и русских исследователей. Основные цели исследования: показать степень присутствия «греческих» элементов в карнавале Мартиньяно и механизмы, которые используют организаторы мероприятия для придания ему «греческой идентичности»; определить место карнавала в культурно-экономической политике Италии, описать особенности идентичности греков Саленто. The Carnival of the Greeks of Salento (il Carnevale della Grecìa Salentina) in the commune of Martignano is an example of a revived tradition among the ethnolinguistic minorities of southern Italy that also takes into account archaic and traditional cultural features. On the one hand, the event has a typical structure for European calendar holidays and urban carnivals. It includes such carnival ritual constants as performances with masks, processions of carts with allegorical figures, and the burning or tearing of a Carnival effigy symbolizing the declining season. On the other hand, depending on the socio-political nomenclature, rituals acquire additional meanings and new functions, and the festivities are enriched with recreated or newly established rituals. The article’s main objectives are to reveal the degree of presence of Greek elements in the Martignano Carnival and the mechanisms that the organizers of the event use to refer to its Greek identity; to determine the role of the carnival in the cultural and economic policy of Italy; and to analyze the identity of the Greeks of Salento. It is based on the author’s personal observations during the holiday in February 2013; materials from the official website of the Salentine Carnival and from the archives of the Parco Turisctico e Culturale Palmieri in Martignano; Italian media; Italian tourist sites; and works by Italian, Greek and Russian scholars.

scholarly journals An Updated Checklist of The Alien Flora In a Mediterranean Region of Europe: The Case of Calabria (Southern Italy)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Spampinato ◽  
Valentina Lucia Astrid Laface ◽  
Giandomenico Posillipo ◽  
Ana Cano Ortiz ◽  
Ricardo Quinto Canas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vascular Flora ◽  
Calabria Region ◽  
Alien Flora ◽  
The One

Abstract An updated checklist of the Calabrian alien vascular flora is presented. The alien flora of the Calabria region (Southern Italy) representing almost 12% of the regional flora and comprises 381 alien taxa, among which there are 370 angiosperms, 9 gymnosperms and 2 ferns. In relation to the state of spread, 35 invasive alien species (IAS) have been identified (4 of these are included in the list of Union Concern, sensu Regulation (EU) no. 1143/2014) which represent 9% of the Calabrian alien flora.In the last years the alien flora in Calabria has increased: in particular, alien species have increased over a decade from 190 to the current 381 taxa. If on the one hand this is due to new introductions, resulting from the globalization that relentlessly affects the whole planet, on the other hand it is to be linked to awareness of the problem of alien species and the increasing intensity of research in recent decades. This study would provide a baseline for further advanced studies on the management of invasive species and on the invasion ecology.

Context Types of site Figurines have been found in four broad categories of sites: village sites in the open (30 figurines, 18 sites); occupied caves (11 figurines, 3 sites); caves and rock-shelters used for burial and other cult purposes (8 figurines, 5 sites); other funerary sites (11 figurines, 4 sites). There seems to be a clear chronological distinction in the types of context. In the earlier period the vast majority of figurines come from settlement contexts — either open villages or occupied caves — while a few come from cult caves. By contrast, all but one of the 12 figurines of the later period (Late Neolithic and Copper Age) come from burials, mostly individual, either from the tombs themselves or from votive pits closely associated with graves. As we shall see, there are also typological distinctions between the types of figurines found in different contexts. Some of these may represent chronological rather than (or as well as) contextual differences, but a possible difference may also be detected between the figurines from settlement sites and those from cult caves within the earlier Neolithic time range. There are also regional differences in the proportions of different types of context occurring. In northern Italy, 13 sites have produced figurines; of these 8 are village sites, 2 are occupied caves, 1 is a tomb and the other 2 are either certainly or possibly cult cave/ rockshelter sites. In central Italy only 4 sites, all settlements, have produced figurines, while in southern Italy, 9 sites have produced figurines; of these 6 sites are settlements, 1 is a tomb and 2 are cult caves. The situation in Sicily stands out as markedly different in many ways: here 5 sites have produced figurines, of which only 2, both Neolithic, are occupation sites (one cave, one village), 2 are cemetery sites of Copper Age date, and 1 is a cult cave, used in both the Neolithic and the Copper Age (but yielding 2 figurines one definitely, the other presumptively, from Neolithic levels). Specific contexts Unfortunately we have specific evidence of location for very few of the figurines. For those coming from settlement sites, none seem to have been associated with buildings of any kind, domestic or other. Some are unstratified surface finds, while others were found in residual layers, redeposited from earlier levels. The only clear contexts in which figurines have been found is in pits (Rivoli, Vhò), a hollow (Alba) and a compound ditch (Passo di Corvo) and in all cases these may represent secondary depositions, as rubbish. In the occupied caves the figurines, when stratified at all, are found either in original occupation layers or in later layers with other redeposited material. The situation is a little better with the cult caves/rock-shelters. While two figurines, one from Grotta di Ponte di Vara (no. 17) and one from Grotta di San Calogero (no. 51), are unstratified, those from Riparo Gaban (nos 8-10) and Grotta di San Calogero (no. 50) come from stratified Neolithic deposits. Moreover, we have two examples from primary and significant depositions: these are the two distinctive clay heads from the central Apulian cult caves of Grotta di Cala Scizzo (no. 39) and Grotta Pacelli (no. 40). The first was found placed in the corner of an artificial stone enclosure at the back of a small cave used for cult purposes, in a layer with late Serra d'Alto and Diana wares and a C date of c.4340 - 3710 cal.BC (lc). The second was placed face downwards on a hearth inside a limestone slab-built monument; the pottery from this level was of Serra d'Alto type, typologically slightly earlier than that from Grotta di Cala Scizzo. On the basis of their contexts, it seems reasonable to interpret these two figurines as performing some function in the rituals carried out in these caves. This is discussed further below. For some of the 11 figurines from cemeteries or individual tombs we have more detailed evidence of context. Of the two stone figurines attributed to the Late-Final Neolithic, the one from Arnesano (no. 46) in southeast Italy apparently came from a rock-cut tomb of

2016 ◽  
pp. 109-110
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Copper Age ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
The One ◽  
Artificial Stone ◽  
Rock Shelters

scholarly journals Enhancing Existential Thinking through Death Education: A Qualitative Study among High School Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Testoni ◽  
Lorenza Palazzo ◽  
Ciro De Vincenzo ◽  
Michael Alexander Wieser
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Death Education ◽  
School Students ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
The One ◽  
Harmful Effects

The censorship of death-related issues is widespread in contemporary Western culture because the boundary between death and life is substantially managed in medical areas. In the context of Italian educational initiatives, to remove this limitation, 215 high school students in Southern Italy were educated on death through conventional and informal lessons. The students answered a questionnaire with open questions to survey their emotional and reflective experiences. Their answers were qualitatively, thematically analysed to explore how the representation of death can follow a death education course, and if this experience can be managed without harmful effects. The students’ answers narrated how the course reduced their anxiety linked to these themes, on the one hand improving communication between peers by making it more authentic and empathic and, on the other, providing alternative perspectives on life. Indeed, the project offered an opportunity to discuss something strongly heartfelt but rarely faced, and the survey confirmed that the research objectives were fully achieved.

Was there a Roman Charter for the Jews?

1984 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 107-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa Rajak
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
The Other ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
The One ◽  
Anti Jewish

In the cities of the pre-Christian Roman empire, Jewish groups were in general free to pursue their own religious and social practices and, at any rate until Hadrian, they were not persecuted by the Roman government; even the exceptional and provocative demands for worship which came from a tyrannical emperor such as Gaius Caligula do not amount to planned persecution. There is a contrast with the subsequent fate of the early Christians, whose cult was, of course, often suppressed by the emperor and his governors. There is also a contrast with the later plight of the Jews themselves under Christian rule.Since, at the local level, Jews on the one hand and Greeks and natives on the other were often profoundly hostile to one another, the fact that the central government was on the whole proof against anti-Jewish pressure coming from below is indeed noteworthy. The edict of L. Flaccus as proconsul of Asia, by which in 62/1 B.C. he had confiscated the Jewish Temple contributions collected for export from his province, was never repeated, so far as we know (Cic., Flac. 66–9). Not only that: the Romans appear at times to have chosen to put their influence behind Jewish communities in dispute with their neighbours, as occurred to some extent in the cases which we shall discuss here, and did not cease even after A.D. 70.

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