scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC COOPERATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 454-462
Author(s):  
Alexandru Gribincea ◽  
Aliona Daniliuc ◽  
Silvestru Maximilian ◽  
Genadii Brovka
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
International Economic Cooperation ◽  
Productive Systems ◽  
Social Importance

In the present article the authors describe the essence of cooperation and those strategic problems that can be solved internationally only through cooperation efforts. In this context, the authors propose to understand cooperation as the actions of a few companies, corporations from one country or several countries that through their activities contribute to the achievement of goals of economic, ecological and social importance for a region, a country, many countries or for all humanity. The role of consumer cooperation arises undoubtedly from the fact that, with the craft, it is a component of the private sector, structured coherent, able to guarantee and develop a good middle class individual. Consumer cooperation is mainly directed social section with relatively low income and its role, in the fact, is to unite material and intellectual efforts, to a wide range of individuals can become, through a participatory coherent system, totally economic independent, thus ensuring a decent and adequate social protection. Cooperation generates productive systems based on principles and technologies, it can be multispectral, creates preconditions for demand increasing, solves some marketing problems, creates a comfortable space for the activities of all economic subjects.   В статье рассмотрена сущность кооперации и те стратегические проблемы, которые могут быть решены только на международном уровне и путем сотрудничества между странами. Авторы предлагают рассматривать кооперацию как совместные действия нескольких компаний, корпораций из одной или нескольких стран, которые своими дей­ствиями делают вклад в общее экономическое, экологическое и социальное развитие регионов, стран и человечества в целом. Кооперация рождает производственные систе­мы на основе технологий, создает предпосылки для роста спроса, решает проблемы маркетинга, создает условия для эффективного функционирования всех экономических субъектов.

scholarly journals Universal Basic Income: Reflections on the Possible Impac on Improving the Living Standards and Quality of Life and the Sustainability of Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-24
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Bobkov ◽  
Nikolay Dolgushkin ◽  
Yelena Odintsova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Social Reforms ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Transitional Forms

The article is devoted to the study of the possible impact of the introduction of universal basic income on improving the standards of living and quality of life and sustainability of societies. The theoretical part of the article reveals the problems that require further study of the category of " universal basic income" (UBI), such as its relationship with the transformation of the state and society, labour and employment, the standards of living and quality of life; the reasons for the introduction and tasks that are solved with the use of UBI, contradictions and limitations of this tool of political, economic and social reforms. In the practical part of the article on the basis of systematization of the most important experiments on the introduction of UBI the conclusion of the transitional forms of its experimental implementation is made: the conditionality (for the target categories of citizens), not the unconditionality of payments, limited period of payment, small size, commensurate with the national subsistence minimum. All this does not allow us to consider this payment as a basic one with all its local impact on the transformation of social systems in the countries concerned. The conclusion is made about the embryonic practical application of UBI elements in Rossiya. A number of recommendations for additions to the testing elements of the universal basic income in our country have been elaborated: to increase per capita income after the provision of targeted social support to low-income sections of the population; to select the trajectories of employment for registered unemployed persons; to reduce the time transitions of graduates from educational institutions to stable or satisfactory employment; and to increase the level of security for the employed with a wide range of characteristics of precarity of employment. The Object of the Study is country societies and their separate regional and social groups.The Subject of the Study is the transformation of employment, social protection and sustainability of societies in connection with the introduction of elements of universal basic income.The Purpose of the Study is identifying hypothetical possibilities of influence on the improvement of the standards of living and quality of life and sustainability of societies by the introduction of universal basic income and analysing the results of testing its transitional forms.

Nurseries as a special form of social care in the Tambov Governorate in the early 20th century

2020 ◽  
pp. 136-145
Author(s):  
Inna A. Shikunova ◽  
Pavel P. Shcherbinin
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Scientific Problem ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range

We consider the formation and development features of the nurseries as a special social institution in the Tambov Governorate in the early of 20th century. The governorate and county levels of declared scientific problem consideration allows to conduct the successful reconstruction of the formation and activities of infant nurseries for foundlings, orphans in both urban and rural areas, which reflected the practice of social care and charity of “trouble children”. We reveal the implementation features of county initiatives for the social protection of foundlings and orphans, as well as the levels and forms of such support for such categories of Russian society by local authorities. We clarify the possibilities of organizing nurseries for foundlings at the governorate and county hospitals and maternity wards. We note the role of particular medical workers in the development of civic initiatives and public service in the rescue of foundlings. We identify the historiographic traditions of both domestic and foreign historians in the study of the orphans charity in the context of the social work organization and the social institutions development, including nurseries. Based on the analysis of a wide range of historical sources, it was possible to identify the most successful and effective practices of organizing nurseries both in the peaceful years and in the periods of Russian-Japanese War of 1904–1905 and World War I 1914–1918, which allowed us to consider various little-studied aspects of the stated scientific problem. We reveal the regional features of the social protection system for orphans through the prism of nursery care. We clarify the position and role of the Orthodox Church on the organization of orphan charity in monasteries during the war years of 1914–1918. We reveal the main posing issues of the prospects for studying a wide range of problems in the history of orphanhood in the Tambov Governorate in the early 20th century. We pay attention to the importance of taking into account regional specifics and specific historical manifestations of social policy when conducting a study of charitable support and private public initiatives of the considered period.

The Rôle of the Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa

1983 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-644
Author(s):  
Willard R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
New World ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
International Economic Cooperation ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Rich ◽  
World Economic Order

Our intention is …to put Afro–Arab cooperation on the map as a dimension of international economic cooperation which all countries, especially the rich industrial nations, must reckon with. Arab aid and cooperation efforts should be in a context of a new world economic order, based on equality and justice.

scholarly journals THE SPECIFIC CHARACTER OF THE ARCHETYPE OF HOME IN THE NOVEL “HOUSE OF DOCTOR DEE” BY P. ACKROYD

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (93) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Н.Ю Бондар
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Specific Character ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Family Generation ◽  
External Corrosion

The article deals with the specific character of the archetype of home in the novel “The House of Doctor Dee” by P. Ackroyd. The novel of the English writer tells the story of the fate of the famous alchemist and scientist of the 16th century, Doctor John Dee and modern researcher Matthew Palmer. The purpose of the article is to determine the specific character of the archetype of home in the novel “The House of Doctor Dee” by P. Ackroyd in an individually-authored interpretation. The classical understanding of home is a connection with the family, generation, protection and support, shelter and spiritual comfort. In the second half of the 20th century the archetype of home is significantly problematic. “Home” ceases to be perceived as an exclusively “private” locus, even if it has absorbed all the wealth of the souls of its inhabitants, additional inclusions appear, most often of an existential universal plan. The literature of the postmodern era with its “sensitivity” to the world around it, i.e. with the desire to outline the problems of a wide range (philosophical, historical and others), continues to include “home” in the complex context of life. In this regard, P. Ackroyd’s novel “The House of Doctor Dee”, in which mysticism and reality are intertwined together, is of particular interest. The house of Doctor Dee seems to Matthew full of mystical phenomena and becomes a centre, including different time layers. The house in the novel “The House of Doctor Dee” by P. Ackroyd loses archetypal characteristics at all levels (despite the fact that Matthew is changing his attitude to his adoptive mother), from psychological (strong family ties, attention, understanding) to physical and social (protection, stability). All the fundamental mythological motifs of stability, which usually characterize the archetype of the house – the symbolic constancy of the place, the important role of higher female and male creatures (parents, teachers) as a kind of “good guardians” and mentors, the presence of children as a bastion of eternal renewal – are subjected to internal and external corrosion, destruction, and make the idea of returning home impossible. In addition, the house itself acquires the features of the homunculus, it disintegrates and reborn, but in each century in its own way.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF HOME READING CLASS IN THE LANGUAGE TRAINING OF STUDENTS OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS

2013 ◽  
pp. 286-291
Author(s):  
M. V. Grineva
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Foreign Language Teaching ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Professional Orientation ◽  
Home Reading ◽  
Wide Range

Nowadays the growing professional orientation of all the aspects of foreign language teaching is widely recognized as the main trend in the process of enhancing the system of foreign language teaching at higher education institutions which specialize in training students majoring in international economic and political relations. In view of the above the article focuses on the role of teaching home reading and analyzes the possibility of its integration into the professionally oriented process of teaching English as a foreign language to would-be economists. Another reason why the issue of teaching home reading is of utmost importance is that due to the prevailing communicative approach in teaching English as a foreign language, coupled with teaching English for professional purposes, some researchers and practising teachers are of the opinion that large-sized literary works are «incompatible» with an efficient foreign language curriculum. Hence, the importance of analyzing the role of such texts in teaching English given its increasing professionalization. According to the author, the specific features of reading literature in a foreign language make it an irreplaceable and useful resource for a wide range of linguistic competences. However, its competence forming potential can only be fully realized if certain general and specifically professional criteria for choosing a literary text for a home reading class are implemented. Such criteria are as follows: the reader’s emotional involvement with the plot and the problems raised in a book; a low degree of linguistic and cultural deviations; popular literary genres; clear professional orientation of a text. The author goes on to analyze the professionally oriented novels by J.Grisham and J.Mead and concludes that they can be successfully incorporated into professionally oriented process of teaching English, as they fully satisfy all the above criteria and, moreover, represent a unique resource for a wide spectrum of professional competences of a future economist, both linguistic and non-linguistic (e.g. sociocultural and analytical competences). In addition, the learning aids written by the author encourage students to treat the text of the books as a source of professionally meaningful information.

KATERYNOSLAV AND SIMFEROPOL CHARITABLE SOCIETIES: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ACTIVITY О. Balukhtina

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
О. Balukhtina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Public Care ◽  
Wide Range

The article aims at studying the largest charitable societies in Katerynoslav and Simferopol as an example of public care in the Ukrainian lands in the pre-Soviet period. The main directions of their activity are highlighted, common features and peculiarities are determined. Charitable institutions were established, which functioned at the expense of societies. It is proved that charitable activity was one of the factors increasing the level of social protection of the most vulnerable segments of the population in provincial cities. Interest in the topic of charity is inexhaustible, as it is associated with the study of cultural and spiritual traditions, which this phenomenon is associated with in society. Among a wide range of problematic issues, today the activities of charitable societies at the level of the regions of Ukraine are insufficiently studied. The aim of the article is to study and compare the activities of Katerynoslav and Simferopol charitable societies to improve financial situation of vulnerable groups in Katerynoslav and Tavriya provinces. The method of comparative analysis is applied. The main amount of funds came from the collection of direct donations through the organization of charity events (concerts, performances), through salary books and subscription letters. Katerynoslav Charitable Society had a much larger turnover of funds, revenues and expenditures. It is obvious that it collected more donations and was more active in entrepreneurial activity. The successful activity of Katerynoslav and Simferopol charitable societies reflected a wide range of social needs of Southern Ukrainians and was directed, first of all to financial support of vulnerable segments of the population. Over the time, help became more targeted. Attempts were made to solve the problems of social care for the infirm, professional begging and unemployment by creating shelters and working houses. Attention was paid to the main role of women in managing societies and cooperation with local authorities was monitored.

scholarly journals The multiplier role of psychiatrists in low income settings

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Kigozi ◽  
J. Ssebunnya
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Wide Range

Mental health care is receiving increased attention in low-income countries with the availability of a wide range of effective evidence-based treatments for acute and chronic mental disorders amidst scarce resources. Availability of these treatments and competent human resources enables the use of a variety of interventions at several levels of care for persons with mental illness and makes it feasible to ensure observance of quality in the treatment approaches that go beyond institutionalisation. However, unlike developed countries which are endowed with many and relatively well-paid mental health specialists, low-income countries face a dire shortage of highly trained mental health professionals in addition to several other challenges. In light of this, there is need to re-assess the role of the few available psychiatrists, with a shift to new core tasks such as designing mental health care programmes that can be delivered by non-specialists, building their health system's capacity for delivering care, including supporting front-line health workers through support supervision, raising awareness on mental health and patients’ rights in addition to promoting essential research. This requires a fundamental paradigm shift from the current training for mental health specialists to a public health oriented approach and providing incentives for community engagement.

scholarly journals Millerism - an historical enigma?

1975 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 123-133
Author(s):  
Ingemar Lindén
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
New England ◽  
Religious Activity ◽  
Cultural Roots ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Radical Reformation ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Intellectual Training

It is a wellknown fact in history that strong bias in the writers and a wishful thinking radically prevent the analysis of any event or religious activity. For this reason Catholic ecclesiastical writers of the old school distorted the role of Martin Luther and his movement; likewise the Radical Reformation fared badly in old handbooks, whether they were composed by Catholics or Lutherans. Again the same principle applies to many of the modern "sects" in America and in Europe. Millerism is an excellent case for illustrating this unfelicitious type of writing. The layman-evangelist William Miller (1782-1849) claimed that the world would never be converted; only the second coming of Christ could usher in the millennium. In order to obtain a better understanding of Millerism, the movement should be divided into three main periods, which differed in character. At first, Miller's own development needs to be ascertained. Though he lacked any thorough intellectual training and remained an autodidact, he nevertheless belonged to the wide range of middle class Yankees. To be sure, Miller lived not too far from the famous frontier in his youth, but despite preconceived ideas in some writers, Miller had his cultural roots in the built-up areas of a New England society. The second important stratum in his personality was the warm Baptist revivalism, which prevailed in his home. Deism and revivalism thus contended for the supremacy of his soul; admitting the later dominance of evangelical revivalism, reason and order continued to hold a place in his mental set-up.

scholarly journals Old women and tablets: information behaviour in unfavourable contexts and social mediators

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Sabelli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Content Management ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Information Behaviour ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Depth Interviews

Introduction. In Uruguay, the Ibirapitá Plan provides a tablet for every low-income retired woman. That motivated the research of old women’s information behaviour related to access and use of inclusive information for overcoming their disinformation. This work has the following purposes: (i) contributing to research focused on knowing and interpreting the role of social mediators and old women in the processes of access, search and appropriation of information using the Plan’s tablets; (ii) investigating users' needs of local information; and, (iii) offering such information in a participatory design of a digital solution for tablets by an interdisciplinary team. Methods. A mix of methods was applied using a questionnaire and mainly qualitative methods: in-depth interviews with qualified informants and trainers, observation of tablet-distribution workshops, focus groups and validation workshops of the digital solution designed for tablets applied in two capital cities and two small towns with the collaboration of community organisations. Analysis of the results.The analysis of the results is presented according to five dimensions of analysis and the questions that the research seeks to respond to. Discussion and conclusion. The affirmations and experiences raised regarding the technological device open a wide range of challenges to overcome and learning opportunities both for tablet users and for the production, content management and future designs of search interfaces.

SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES ARE A KEY LINK IN THE SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Bekjon Ismoilov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
High Level

The article directly analyzes the powers and activities of local self-government bodies in the field of social protection. The role of mahallas, one of the most important branches of the executive branch,in the way of life of the population has been studied using the existing legal framework. When we evaluate the activities of the communities from the socio-legal point of view, we believe that this system really plays an important role in improving the lives of the population and solving the problems that concern them. At the neighborhood level, people in need of social protection, people with special needs and low-income families are constantly under the care and attention of our state. The role of local self-government bodies in the targeted and targeted use of benefits, financial assistance and other types of social assistance providedby our government to needy families is unique. That is, they are the ones who are most responsible for providing pensions and benefits. In this process, the fulfillment of their duties in full compliance with the principle of socialjustice is a strong guarantee of a high level of public confidence in public policy. The article also provides a comparative analysis of the history of the origin of the concept of neighborhood and the scientific and theoretical views expressed about thissocial structure. In addition, the role of local self-government bodies in public life and public administration has been discussed in detail

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