scholarly journals Farmer Business School Participation in Ghana: Implications for Market Orientation, Entrepreneurial Proclivity and Livelihood Performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Enoch Kwame Tham-Agyekum ◽  
Fred Nimoh ◽  
John-Eudes Bakang ◽  
Jones Ebenezer Osei ◽  
Kwadwo Amankwah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Market Orientation ◽  
Business School ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
School Participation ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Cocoa Farmer ◽  
Cocoa Farmers

The study assumes that participation in the Farmer Business School (FBS) gives the cocoa farmer an advantage over the non-participants. The following objectives were set to give an overall appreciation of the research; determine the extent to which participation in the FBS has influenced the market orientation of the cocoa farmers, determine the extent to which participation in the FBS has influenced the entrepreneurial proclivity of cocoa farmers and determine the extent to which participation in the FBS has influenced the livelihood of the cocoa farmers. With this in mind, 600 cocoa farmers were sampled in Ghana using the multi-stage sampling technique. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and the independent sample t-test. The results show that participation in the Farmer Business School indeed gives the cocoa farmers an advantage; market orientation (p<0.05), an entrepreneurial proclivity (p<0.05), and livelihood outcomes (p<0.05). There is a need to continually strengthen activities that promote these three key areas.

scholarly journals Enhancing Market Orientation of Cocoa Farmers through Farmer Business Schools: The Ghana Cocobod Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Enoch Kwame Tham-Agyekum ◽  
Ernest Laryea Okorley ◽  
Joseph Kwarteng ◽  
John-Eudes Andivi Bakang ◽  
Fred Nimoh
Keyword(s):  
Market Orientation ◽  
Business School ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Attitudinal Change ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Cocoa Farmer ◽  
Cocoa Farmers ◽  
Descriptive Survey

The study sought to ascertain how the Farmer Business School (FBS) introduced in 2012 by the Ghana Cocoa Board as an extension approach makes the Ghanaian cocoa farmer more business and entrepreneurially minded. The research methods included using the descriptive survey and multi-stage sampling techniques to cover the six cocoa regions and 600 cocoa farmers. The 600 cocoa farmers selected were made up of 230 non-participants and 370 participants of the FBS. In terms of competency, the results showed that FBS participants had greater knowledge, a more positive attitude, and better skills than non-participants. In terms of market orientation, FBS participants were more competitor oriented, had less intelligence generation, were less market responsive, had less intelligence dissemination, had more customer emphasis, and had more interfunctional coordination than non-participants. The market orientation of cocoa farmers can be enhanced by provision of relevant practical experience for attitudinal change.

scholarly journals Market Orientation and Entrepreneurial Proclivity as Antecedents of Innovative Behaviour: Implications for Cocoa Farmers in Ghana

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
Enoch Kwame Tham-Agyekum ◽  
Joseph Kwarteng ◽  
Ernest Laryea Okorley ◽  
Fred Nimoh ◽  
John-Eudes Bakang
Keyword(s):  
Market Orientation ◽  
Business School ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Innovative Behavior ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Innovative Behaviour ◽  
Market Responsiveness ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Cocoa Farmers

Despite the increasing importance of innovation in literature, there is no agreement about its antecedents. This clearly makes it difficult and risky for cocoa farmers to choose suitable strategies to adopt, develop and promote successful innovations to fit their farm situations. The research questions were aimed at assessing the level of the entrepreneurial proclivity of cocoa farmers, their level of market orientation, their level of innovative behavior, and the influence of entrepreneurial proclivity and market orientation on innovative behavior. Cocoa farmers were sampled from all the six Cocoa Regions in Ghana. In total, 370 cocoa farmers, who participated in the Farmer Business School, were sampled using the multi-stage sampling procedure. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multiple linear regression). The study showed evidence that market orientation and entrepreneurial proclivity can be considered as antecedents of innovation with the key factors being, customer emphasis, intelligence dissemination, and market responsiveness. The study recommends improved flexibility in the cocoa marketing system of Ghana giving attention to the systems of customer/export options available to cocoa farmers.

scholarly journals Implications of Female Farmer Knowledge and Participation in Bangladesh: Entrepreneurial Propensity and Income Enhancement

2022 ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Saanjaana Rahman ◽  
Sajid Amit
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Farmer Participation ◽  
Farmer Knowledge ◽  
Multi Stage

The study hypothesizes that female farmer participation in the local knowledge training provides corn farmers an advantage over non-participants. We planned on determining the amount of influence market participation had on female corn farmers along with entrepreneurial propensity among them and whether there was any change in income or standard of living among them. 600 female corn farmers were sampled in Bangladesh through a multi-stage sampling technique. Mean, standard deviation, and independent-sample t-test were used for data analysis. The findings showed that female participation in training classes gave them an advantage, entrepreneurial propensity (p<0.01), and improved standard of living/income enhancement (p<0.01). There is a continual need to strengthen female farmer participation through improved training for better outcome and economic growth.

scholarly journals PENGARUH LATIHAN SHADOW 8 TERHADAP AGILITY PADA PEMAIN BULUTANGKIS PB. MUSTIKA BANJARBARU USIA 12 – 15 TAHUN

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taufiq Rahman ◽  
Herita Warni
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Experiment Design ◽  
T Test

This study aimed to determine the effects of exercise on agility in shadow 8 badminton players PB. Mustika Banjarbaru Age 12-15 Years. The method used is a method of pre-experiment design. The population in this study are all badminton player PB. Mustika Banjarbaru Age 12-15 Years of 10 people, while the sample in this study of 10 people with a sampling technique using total sampling.The results showed that the data pretest agility on a badminton player PB. Mustika Banjarbaru Age 12-15 Years gained an average = 7.1850 seconds with a standard deviation = 0.50423.  At posttest data is agility in badminton player PB. Mustika Banjarbaru Age 12-15 Years gained an average = 6.7500 seconds with a standard deviation = 0.44850. Results obtained by t test obtained t = 8.184> t table (9; 0.025) = 2.262, with Sig. (2-tailed) = 0,000; turns Sig. (2-tailed) <0.05  the t-count is significant. The conclusion that there was an effect on agility drills on shadow 8 badminton players PB. Mustika Banjarbaru Age 12-15 Years.Keywords: Effects, Exercise, Shadow 8, Agility and Badminton

scholarly journals Socio-Demographic Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices Among Nursing Mothers in Enugu State

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Anthonia C. Ogbe ◽  
Clementina U. Nwankwo ◽  
Theresa O. Agbele ◽  
Joshua C. Nwambo
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Optimal Health ◽  
Nursing Mothers ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) plays a pivotal role in determining the optimal health and development of infants with reduction in infant mortality. This study focuses on those factors which place nursing mothers in the likelihood of not adopting and practicing EBF. It is a descriptive study that utilized a multi-stage sampling technique. A structured questionnaire, mean and standard deviation were used. The result shows that the EBF practice among nursing mothers is high with a grand mean and standard deviation of 2.75 (0.61). Those with secondary qualification and below had 3.10(0.37) while tertiary had 2.23 (0.41). Mothers aged 25 and below had 3.39 (0.14) and above age 25 had 2.57(0.52).Parity of 1-4 had 2.93 (0.47) while parity of 5 and above had 1.93 (0.34). Married and single mothers had 2.75 (0.61) and 1.26 (0.05) respectively. Effective EBF education is needed to reduce socio-demographic factors that hinder mothers’ practice of EBF.

scholarly journals Technologies Available for Empowering Women in Cassava Production in Abia States, Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-235
Author(s):  
C. I. Ugboaja ◽  
N. C. Ezebuiro
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cassava Production ◽  
Measuring Scale ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Research Assistants

The study assessed the technologies available for empowering women in cassava production in Abia State. The objectives were to determine the availability and utilization of technologies for empowering women in cassava production. Questionnaire was the instrument for data collection which was developed on a 4-point measuring scale and was validated by peer review of researchers in agricultural extension. Reliability was established by the Cronbach’s alpha which gave co-efficient of r ∝ = 0.74 indicating a high reliability. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 240 and the extension filed officers were used as research assistants to facilitate the administration and retrieval of the questionnaire. Data analysis was achieved with the use of descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean which referenced x = 2.50 as the benchmark and inferential statistics as t-test at 0.050 level of significance. The findings revealed that majority (x = 2.56) agreed that technologies were available for empowering women in cassava production while (x = 2.03) indicated that the extent women were empowered utilizing technologies for cassava production was low. The t- test of no mean significant difference was not rejected because t = 0.01 at P ≥ 0.05 which indicated no mean difference between availability and utilization of technologies for empowering women cassava producers. On the basis of the findings the study recommended that more extension field personnel should be employed and retrained on how to train women on how to use the technologies.Keywords: women, empowerment, cassava, production

scholarly journals ANALISIS KOMPARASI PENDAPATAN USAHATANI KAKAO DAN USAHATANI LADA DI DESA LAMONG JAYA KECAMATAN LAEYA KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Aisah
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Pepper Plant ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Cocoa Farmer ◽  
Cocoa Farmers

This research aims  to determine the income and differences of income of cocoa and pepper farming. This research was conducted from June until October 2015. The samples were selected through a non-probability sampling. The samples are taken purposively with the criteria of the respondents who had planted cocoa and pepper plant since 5 until 10  years ago, and both of these commodities are in the productive age, so this research used 35 respondents of cocoa farmer and 29 respondents of pepper farmer. The Data were collected through interviews by questionnaire. This research used income analysis and t-test analysis or Independent sample t-test. The result of this research shows that average income cocoa farmers is Rp 7,637,358 per year, and the average income of pepper farmers is Rp 11,724,301 per year. Where as the average per hectare income of cocoa farming is Rp 6,048,775/ha/year and the average per hectare income of pepper farmin is Rp 17,108,435/ha/year. The average income of respondents who are farming cocoa is different with average income of respondents who are farming pepper as significantly. Beside of that, the average per hectare income of cocoa farming is different with average income of pepper farming significantly

scholarly journals Assessment of Job Behavior of Agricultural Extension Workers: A Case Study of SAFE Programme Beneficiaries in North-Western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
S. Hamisu ◽  
S. Umar ◽  
O. Oladosu, Isma’il ◽  
Ayuba, Gona
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Study Data ◽  
T Test ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
North Western

The study assessed job behavior of SAFE programme beneficiaries in North-Western Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted in selecting 73 SAFE beneficiaries’ employers (sample sizes).Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire and all the administered questionnaires were returned and found useful for the study. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (paired sample t-test). The study reveals that SAFE beneficiaries’ have rated high in job behavior indicators as a result of SAFE programme (such as desired for new knowledge, explicitness, foresightedness, sympathetic attitude, service attitude, attractive personality, enthusiasm and honesty). The study further confirmed significant differences on job behavioral change of SAFE beneficiaries’ before and after SAFE participation using paired sample t-test. The study concludes that SAFE programme had positively influenced job behavioral change of the agricultural extension workers. In line with this finding, the study recommends that the SAFE programme curriculabe adopted into the conventional or traditional agricultural degree programme across the Nigerian Universities.

scholarly journals The Effect of Torbangun Leaves Consumption on the Improvement of Breastmilk Volume in Post Partum Women in Ononamolo Village, Gunungsitoli City

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 400-403
Author(s):  
Ade Ayu Prawita ◽  
Siti Ewin Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design

Introduction: Insufficient volume of breastmilk production is the most common inhibiting factor leading to cessation of breastfeeding practice. This study aims to determine the effect of torbangun leaves (Coleus amboinicus lour) on the increase in breast milk volume in postpartum mothers in Ononamolo Village, Gunungsitoli Selatan District, Gunungsitoli City. Methods: The research design used a pre-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population was post partum mothers in Ononamolo I Lot Village, Gunungsitoli Selatan District, Gunungsitoli City with a ratio of 1: 1. The sample size was 20 post partum mothers, selected using purposive sampling technique, with 1 intervention group given torbangun leaves for consumption for 14 consecutive days and 1 control group given booster milk to be consumed at the same time as the intervention group. The instrument used to measure milk production is to use a measuring cup. The results of data collection were analyzed by using the paired sample t-test. Results: Based on the research results obtained were the pre-test mean value of 6.10 with a standard deviation of 3.227, while in the post-test the average value was 10.95 with a standard deviation of 3.720. From the results of t-test with a confidence level of 95%, a p-value of 0.000 was obtained. Conclusion: There is an effect of the consumption of torbangun leaves on increasing the volume of breast milk in Ononamolo Village, Gunungsitoli Selatan District, Gunungsitoli City. Keywords: breastmilk volume production; torbangun leaves; post partum mothers

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF CORIANDER SEEDS SOAKING WATER ON LEUCORRHEA: AN INTERVENTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
G Bhuvaneswari ◽  
Guna J Priya
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Paired T Test

Leucorrhea is a major gynaecological disorder that impacts women in both aspects, mentally and physically. The coriander seeds, water is used as a non-pharmacological approach to reduce the clinical symptoms of Leucorrhea. The present study aims to determine the effectiveness of coriander seeds soaking water among women with Leucorrhea. A total of 30 samples were collected using the purposive sampling technique and women with symptoms of Leucorrhea were used as samples. The demographic data and clinical variables were collected from the samples, followed by pretest were conducted by using standardized Leucorrhea assessment scale and numerical itching scale. After a period of intervention with coriander seeds water. Post-test was done by using the same Leucorrhea assessment scale. The study depicts that the pretest mean score of symptoms was 21.53 with a standard deviation of 5.34 and the posttest mean score of symptoms was 17.83 with a standard deviation of 3.96. The calculated paired ‘t’ test value of t = 3.022 was found to be statistically significant at p < 0.01 level. It also depicts that the pretest mean score of itching was 6.23 with a standard deviation of 2.61 and the posttest mean score of symptoms was 4.27 with a standard deviation of 1.74. The calculated paired ‘t’ test value of t = 3.079 was found to be statistically significant at p < 0.01 level. This infers that there was significant improvement was observed that coriander seeds, water on Leucorrhea were found to be effective in reducing the level of symptoms and itching among women with Leucorrhea

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