scholarly journals Technologies Available for Empowering Women in Cassava Production in Abia States, Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-235
Author(s):  
C. I. Ugboaja ◽  
N. C. Ezebuiro
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cassava Production ◽  
Measuring Scale ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Research Assistants

The study assessed the technologies available for empowering women in cassava production in Abia State. The objectives were to determine the availability and utilization of technologies for empowering women in cassava production. Questionnaire was the instrument for data collection which was developed on a 4-point measuring scale and was validated by peer review of researchers in agricultural extension. Reliability was established by the Cronbach’s alpha which gave co-efficient of r ∝ = 0.74 indicating a high reliability. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 240 and the extension filed officers were used as research assistants to facilitate the administration and retrieval of the questionnaire. Data analysis was achieved with the use of descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean which referenced x = 2.50 as the benchmark and inferential statistics as t-test at 0.050 level of significance. The findings revealed that majority (x = 2.56) agreed that technologies were available for empowering women in cassava production while (x = 2.03) indicated that the extent women were empowered utilizing technologies for cassava production was low. The t- test of no mean significant difference was not rejected because t = 0.01 at P ≥ 0.05 which indicated no mean difference between availability and utilization of technologies for empowering women cassava producers. On the basis of the findings the study recommended that more extension field personnel should be employed and retrained on how to train women on how to use the technologies.Keywords: women, empowerment, cassava, production

scholarly journals Entrepreneurship Skill for Empowering Women in Cocoyam Production in Abia and Imo States, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Onu
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Business Skills ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Better Than

The study adopted survey design to determine the entrepreneurial skills for empowering women in cocoyam production in Abia and Imo States of Nigeria. Objectives of the study were to determine the entrepreneurship skills available that are utilized for empowering women in cocoyam production and determine the extension strategies for empowering women in cocoyam production. The hypothesis of the study states that there is no significant mean difference between the available entrepreneurship skills and strategies utilized for empowering women in cocoyam production. Questionnaire was the instrument for data collection constructed on a 4-point measuring scale which has (  as the cut of point. Instrument was validated by peer review of two experts in agricultural extension and statistics. The reliability was achieved by subjecting the data collected from pre-survey to Cronbach’s Alpha which yield a reliability co-efficient rα = 0.83 which affirmed high reliability index. Multi-stage simple probability and disproportionate sampling technique was used to select sample size of 250. In Abia, 100 women cocoyam farmers were sampled while 150 were sampled from Imo State. The instrument was administered and retrieved by the help of research assistants such as extension agents and executives of women development union in the sampled areas. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency, mean and inferential statistics as t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that entrepreneurship skills were available in empowering women with the pooled mean scores of (  for Abia and (  for Imo State. The Imo women were better than Abia cocoyam farmers. It was also indicated that strategies for empowering women cocoyam farmers were used more in Imo State with 2  than Abia State 1 . The hypothesis of no significant mean difference was not rejected because t = -0.003 at P ≥ 0.05 indicated no mean difference between the strategies utilized in Abia and Imo State for empowering women on entrepreneurship skills in cocoyam production. It was concluded that women cocoyam farmers were less empowered and had less access to land, fund and extension services in both Imo and Abia State. But the Imo cocoyam farmers were marginally better than their Abia women cocoyam farmers counterpart on the strategies used on empowering women on entrepreneurship skills in cocoyam production. It was concluded that cocoyam farmers were less empowered on entrepreneurship skills, hence, they had less access to land, fund and extension services. The study recommended that more women should be employed into the WIA arm of the ADP to enable them sufficiently empower women to get access to entrepreneurship skills such as agronomic and business skills to enhance cocoyam production.

scholarly journals DOES THE USE OF GUIDED QUESTIONS IN TUTORIAL SYSTEM IMPROVES STUDENTS� SPEAKING ABILITY?

Al-Lisan ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-110
Author(s):  
Sukmawati Yasin
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Speaking Test ◽  
Tutorial System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance

This research aimed to find out whether or not the use of guided questions in Tutorial System improved the students� speaking ability of Easy Speak. Easy Speak was an English course situated in Makassar. The method of this research was pre-experimental. In collecting data, the researcher used speaking test in pre-test and post-test. The population of the research was 737 students. In this research, the researcher used purposive sampling technique which consisted of 25 students. The results of this research showed that the mean score of pre-test were 62,17 and 75,15 in post-test and the value of t-test was 7,23 which is greater than t-table 2.05 at the level of significance (a) = 0.05, so the null hypotheses was rejected, and alternative hypotheses (H1) was accepted. The researcher concluded that there was significant difference of the students� speaking ability of Easy Speak after giving treatment using guided questions.

scholarly journals PQRST Technique Toward Reading Comprehension of the Second Grade Students at SMAN 1 Kota Jambi

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Dewi Syafitri
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Reading Text ◽  
Level Of Significance

This research is aimed to investigate whether or not there is any significant effect of PQRST technique toward reading comprehension of second graders at SMAN 1 Kota Jambi.Preview, question, read, summary and test labeled PQRST is one of language teaching technique in reading comprehension. This technique can be used to solve students difficulties in comprehend the text and also can help the students to deepen their understanding of the text. The subjects were students of grade XI of SMAN 1 Kota Jambi. XI IA 1 was assigned as the experimental group and XI IA 2 was assigned as control group. The cluster sampling technique was used in this research. The design of this research is an experimental research to find out the cause and effect relationship between two variables. There are two data used in this research. The first data is pre test and the second is post test. After the data were collected, the researcher used t test analysis to see the significant difference between two variables. The result of this research showed that t test value was 3.15, at the level of significance 0.05 with df 60, the value of t table was 2.00. it is known that t test value was bigger than t table indicated the research hypothesis H1 was accepted where there is significance difference in students, reading comprehension between those who were taught by using PQRST technique and those who were taught without using PQRST technique. In summary, PQRST technique can help the students to comprehend the reading text well.  Keywords: Reading Comprehension, PQRST Technique

PERBEDAAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN NAGARI BERDASARKAN JENIS KELAMIN DAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN DI KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khairani
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Education Level ◽  
T Test ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gender and level education on the performance of nagari apparatus in nagari financial management in Tanah Datar Regency. Background of this study was that there were indications that the financial management of nagari was still not good in Tanah Datar Regency. This research used quantitative research method. The population of this research was all of the nagari apparatus in Tanah Datar regency numbered 600 people consisting of walinagari, nagari secretaries, nagari treasurer and five head of nagari affairs. The sample in this research consisted of 248 respondents who were determined using the Slovin formula and through the Multi Stage Random Sampling technique. The data were collected through questionnaires. Data of this research were analyzed with T-test and Anova Test. The results in this research indicated no that there was significant difference in the performance of nagari financial management based on gender and of education level in Tanah Datar Regency.

IDENTIFICATION OF BASIC TECHNOLOGY DIFFICULT TOPICS AS PERCEIVED BY UPPER BASIC EDUCATION TEACHERS AND STUDENTS IN IBADAN METROPOLIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd-El-Latif Adekunle Abd-El-Aziz ◽  
Jelil Adebayo Jimoh ◽  
Abdullahi Muhammad Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Basic Education ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Basic Technology ◽  
Main Instrument ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Specialist Teachers

The study identified basic technology difficult topics in upper basic curriculum as perceived by teachers and students in Ibadan metropolis. A research question and one hypothesis guided the study. The study adopted a descriptive survey of the correlational research design using multi-stage sampling technique. “Questionnaire for Identification of Basic Technology Difficult Topics in Upper Basic Education” (QIBT-DTUBE) was the main instrument for data collection. Face and content validity of QIBT-DTUBE was established by three technology education experts. The reliability coefficient for QIBT-DTUBE yielded 0.91 using Cronbach Alpha reliability technique. Research questions were analyzed using Mean and Standard deviation while the null hypotheses were tested at .05 level of significance using t-test statistics. Result obtained indicated that teachers and students perceived ten topics as difficult to teach and learn while the students identified additional nine topics that are difficult to learn. More so, a significant difference exists between the mean ratings of upper basic education teachers and students on their perceived levels of difficulty of basic technology topics. Based on these findings, it was recommended among others that basic technology specialist teachers be supported with appropriate trainings and refresher courses on all the topics identified as difficult. Keywords: Difficult Topics, Basic Technology, Basic Education Curriculum, Teachers’ Perception, Students’ Perception

scholarly journals THE COMBINATION Of STAND-UP, HAND-UP, PAIR-UP(SUHUPU) AND THREE STEPS INTERVIEW STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’SPEAKING ABILITY at SMAN 1 BALAURING

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Kie Samsia
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
T Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Test Treatment

The objective of this research  was to find out whether or not  combining SUHUPU and three steps interview strategy improve students’ speaking ability at the first grade students of SMAN 1 Balauring. This research used pre-experimental method which one class given pre-test, treatment, and post-test. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique. The total sample was 20 students. The result of the data indicated that there was a significant difference between pre-test and post-test, it was proved by the mean score of post-test was higher than the mean score of pre-test (11.30>13.05). The value  of t-test was higher than t-table (20.261>2.093) at the level of significance 0.05 with the degree of freedom(df)=19. Based  on the finding and discussion of the research, it can be  concluded that by combining SUHUPU and three steps interview strategy can improve students’ speaking ability at the first grade students of SMAN 1Balauring.

Effectiveness Of Toilet Training Education On Mother's Behavior And Toddler Age Toilet Training Ability (18-36 Months)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Hafiko Andresni ◽  
Zahtamal Zahtamal ◽  
Winda Septiani ◽  
Mitra Mitra ◽  
Lita Lita
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toilet Training ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Toilet training is an effort to train children to be able to control and urinate (BAK) and defecate (BAB). Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children at toddler age. Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children in toddler age which is very important to be done to create independence in children in controlling BAK and BAB and children know the parts of the body and their functions. Data in 2012 shows that ± 60% of parents do not teach toilet training to children from an early age. The aim of the study was to find out the effectiveness of toilet training education on maternal behavior and toilet skills in toddler age training (18-36 months). The study was conducted in July-August 2018. This type of quantitative research used the design of the Quasy pretest and posttest experiment with non-equivalent control group design. Samples were 36 mothers and 36 children with purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used Paired t test, Wilcoxon test, Man-Whitney test an Independent t test. The results showed that toilet training education through lecture methods, modules and maze games was more effective than toilet training education through lecture and leaflet methods on children's knowledge and abilities. Conversely, for the role of mothers in supervision there is no significant difference in effectiveness. Health education is recommended in health promotion programs to increase maternal knowledge, the role of mothers and the ability of toilet training children independently. Keywords: Toilet training, Lecture method, Module, Maze game, Leaflet, Knowledge, Role of mother, Children's ability.

scholarly journals THE USE OF INSTAGRAM TO DEVELOP STUDENTS’ WRITING ABILITY

Akademika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
Amelia Nurdiansyah ◽  
Tryanti R. Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Discrimination Power ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Writing Ability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Difficulty Index

The research consists of two variables, namely the independent variable (Instagram) and the dependent variable (writing ability). The aim of this research is to find out whether or not the use of Instagram is effective in teaching writing Descriptive Text. The population of this research was all grade ten students at SMAN 3 Bekasi, consisted of 370 students divided into 10 classes. The sample of this research was 74 students divided into 2 classes, taken from the population using Cluster Random Sampling Technique. This research used the Quasi Experimental Method, and the design was randomized post-test only control group design. To collect the data, the writers used instrument. The instrument consists of 10 question items in an essay. They were developed from the indicators of writing as specified in BluePrint. To get a good instrument, it was tried out to other classes outside the sample classes, and the instrument was analyzed in the item of its validity, reliability, difficulty index, and discrimination power by using Ms. Excel 2010. After it has been analyzed, it gained 5 items which were used to collect data for the research. The writers used a T-test to find out whether the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted or rejected. The result of this research presented that there was a significant difference of Instagram on students’ writing ability at SMAN 3 Bekasi. The significance (Sig.) score of T-test 0.000 is lower than (<) 0.05. Therefore, the research had a significant difference in Instagram on Grade Ten Students’ Writing Ability at SMAN 3 Bekasi. In addition, Instagram helped the students to develop their writing, and also, it can ease the teaching and learning process.

scholarly journals School-Related Gender Based Violence (SRGBV) and Its Consequences on Secondary School Students: Implications for Counselling

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Anna Onoyase
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
School Students ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Research Assistants

This investigation was directed to find out the causes and consequences of School – Related Gender Based Violence (SRGBV) in Ivo local Government area of Ebonyi State, South East, Nigeria. The researcher formulated two research questions and one hypothesis to guide the investigation. The instrument used to elicit information from the respondents is, “School – Related Gender Based Violence and Consequences among Secondary School Students Questionnaire” (SRGBVACASSSQ). The instrument was made up of 9 items on the causes of School related gender based violence and 11 on the consequences. The instrument had a reliability coefficient of 0.87, language appropriateness, content and facial validity. The purposive sampling technique was used to select 384 respondents that participated in the research. The researcher and two research assistants retrieved 346 copies of the questionnaire from the respondents. The data from the field work were collated by the researcher, the mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while the t-test was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The researcher used 2.50 as benchmark to find out if respondents agreed or disagreed with the 20 items in the questionnaire. The research revealed in table one a mean score of 3.04 as an indication that many teachers flog students in schools to demonstrate their power over them (students), a mean of 3.00 in table one shows that when bullies are not frequently punished, they continue to bully others in schools, a mean score of 3.07 in table one revealed that boys beat up girls in the secondary schools to show that men are more powerful than women and a mean score of 3.04 in table one revealed that promise of good grades can make some female students to go into sexual relationship with some male teachers.

scholarly journals Determinants of Marriage Stability among Married Couples in North-Central Nigeria Implication for Counselling

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Anna Onoyase Ph.D
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
North Central ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Marriage Stability ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Research Assistants

<em><em>The study investigated determinants of marriage stability among married couples in North Central Nigeria. In order to carry out this study, four hypotheses were formulated. An instrument known as “Determinants of Marriage Stability Questionnair (DOMSQ)” was constructed by the researcher and used to collect information from the field. The instrument had content and facial validity and its reliability coefficient is 0.87. The investigator used eight research assistants to administer nine hundred and ninety copies of the questionnaire on the respondents in Kogi and Benue States. Nine hundred and eighty three copies were retrieved from the respondents indicating 99.3 percent return rate. The researcher collated the information got from the field work and the Z statistics was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed that, there was no significant difference between male and female married couples in their identification of childlessness as determinant of marriage stability, there was no significant difference between married couples in the urban and rural areas in their identification of sexual satisfaction as determinant of marriage stability, there was no significant difference between old and young married couples in their identification of cultural background as determinant of marriage stability, there was no significant difference between married couples from Kogi and Benue States in their identification of communication as determinant of marriage stability. One of the recommendations is that couples who are faced with the problem of childlessness should seek medical assistance and also be positive about such outcome.</em></em>

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