scholarly journals Variabilidad genética en mamey (Pouteria sapota (JAQ.) H.E. Moore & Stearn) basada en marcadores moleculares y morfología de fruto

e-CUCBA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Manuel Alejandro Rodríguez-Gaytán ◽  
◽  
Víctor Manuel Medina-Urrutia ◽  
Martha Isabel Torres-Morán
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Central America ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
The State ◽  
Important Food ◽  
The World ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Important Food Source ◽  
High Level ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation

The mamey (Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn) has been an important food source in Mexico and Central America from where it originates, as well as in other tropical areas of the world where it has been introduced. Despite the importance of this phytogenetic resource and the variability that has been previously reported, parameters of genetic variability and diversity have not been established that allow for sustainable development and commercial exploitation plans to be carried out. The objective of this work was to determine the genetic variability in a population of mamey from the state of Colima, based on molecular markers and characteristics of the fruit. A sample of plants from the state of Yucatán was used as reference germplasm with the origin. It was found that there is a high level of intrapopulation genetic variability and a considerable degree of differentiation in terms of allelic frequencies between the samples from Colima and Yucatán, the ISTR and ISSR markers proved to be useful in the segregation of the samples based on their origin.

Assessment of genetic variability amongst cultivated populations of Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) detected by ISSR

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Karishma Kashyap ◽  
Rasika M. Bhagwat ◽  
Sofia Banu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Brahmaputra Valley ◽  
Indian Food ◽  
Cultivated Populations ◽  
High Level

Abstract Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) is a commercial mandarin variety grown in northeast India and one of the 175 Indian food items included in the global first food atlas. The cultivated plantations of Khasi mandarin grown prominently in the lower Brahmaputra valley of Assam, northeast India, have been genetically eroded. The lack in the efforts for conservation of genetic variability in this mandarin variety prompted diversity analysis of Khasi mandarin germplasm across the region. Thus, the study aimed to investigate genetic diversity and partitioning of the genetic variations within and among 92 populations of Khasi mandarin collected from 10 cultivated sites in Kamrup and Kamrup (M) districts of Assam, India, using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. The amplification of genomic DNA with 17 ISSR primers yielded 216 scorable DNA amplicons of which 177 (81.94%) were polymorphic. The average polymorphism information content was 0.39 per primer. The total genetic diversity (HT = 0.28 ± 0.03) was close to the diversity within the population (HS = 0.20 ± 0.01). A high mean coefficient of gene differentiation (GST = 0.29) reflected a high level of gene flow (Nm = 1.22), indicating high genetic differentiation among the populations. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed 78% of intra-population differentiation, 21% among the population and 1% among the districts. The obtained results indicate the existence of a high level of genetic diversity in the cultivated Khasi mandarin populations, indicating the need for preservation of each existing population to revive the dying out orchards in northeast India.

Evaluation of By-Products of Potato Peel as Food Additive

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferhat Yuksel ◽  
Aysun Durmaz
Keyword(s):  
Food Additives ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Potato Peel ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
The World ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Important Food Source ◽  
By Products

: The potato plant is an important food source produced all over the world and it provides a significant portion of daily energy intake in nourishment. In addition, a significant rate of vitamins, fibre, mineral matters, protein, and fat can be obtained by consuming potato. In this study, the production, consumption, and usage areas of potato, a crucial source of our diet, and the possibilities of using it as food additives with the nutritional properties of its peel have been investigated. Generally, potato is consumed after its peel is removed in the homes and industrial areas and many of these peels are disposed off as wastes. Studies show that potato peel has a high content of dietary fibre, protein, carbohydrate, mineral matters, vitamin, phenolic, and antioxidant. The use of potato peel as food additives have also been discussed in this study.

Fear and Loathing in Central America

2020 ◽  
pp. 295-306
Author(s):  
Russell Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
The State ◽  
Drug Trade ◽  
Economic Action ◽  
Criminal Organizations ◽  
The World

This chapter begins with Nils Gilman's seminal essay “The Twin Insurgency,” stating that gangs aim to carve out de facto zones of autonomy for themselves by crippling the state's ability to constrain their freedom of economic action. It talks about gangsters in Latin America that took advantage of the vulnerability of the states they operated in to such a degree that they frequently became shadow powers. It also details how gangs terrorized their host societies, using corruption, extortion, and bullets as their weapons of choice. The chapter cites the statistics that emphasized that the most violent cities in the world were in Latin America, clarifying that the statistics were a result of the impunity enjoyed by the region's criminal organizations, primarily those with ties to the illicit drug trade. It discusses how drug gangs often served as the de facto administrator of social services in slums, where the state failed to provide much of anything.

scholarly journals Governmental regulation of tourism development in Turkey: experience for Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
The State ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Turkish Republic ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Level

Turkey has a high level of competitiveness and prerequisites for reaching the leading positions on the world stage of tourist services. It is a result of the effective state tourism policy, which ensures the stable functioning of the organized national market of the tourism industry. Therefore, the analysis of the state regulation of the tourism sphere based on the experience of Turkey is relevant and can contribute to the overcoming of the disadvantages and to the development of strong and unique aspects of tourism national market.The subject of research of the article is the state regulation of tourism in Turkey, which can become an example for the development of tourism in Ukraine. The goal is the analysis of the state regulation of the tourism sphere in Turkey and the development of proposals for improving the state tourism management policy in Ukraine. The objectives are to research the tourism development and the state regulation in Turkey and Ukraine, to determine the possibilities of adaptation of the Turkish Republic experience in practice of the domestic tourism. General scientific methods are used, such as system analysis – to determine the peculiarities of the state regulation of tourism in the Republic of Turkey and in Ukraine, comparative analysis– to characterize the recreational resources, tourism infrastructure, statistical analysis– to review the dynamics and patterns of the tourism development in Turkey and Ukraine.The following results were obtained: on the basis of the analysis the problem aspects and the priority orientations for the reorganization of mechanism of the state tourism regulation in Ukraine based on the experience of Turkey were identified. Conclusions: the experience of the state regulation of the tourism sphere in Turkey should be used as recommendations for determination of the modernized strategy of Ukraine in the world tourist market.

scholarly journals Economic Security Management of Insurance Services Market of Ukraine: The Theoretical Aspects and Practical Recommendations

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (523) ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
R. V. Kobko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Change ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The article is aimed at defining the theoretical aspects of managing the economic security of the insurance services market of Ukraine, searching for ways to develop special practical recommendations to solve the outlined problem. In the context of transformational changes and globalization metamorphoses, the issue of ensuring a high level of economic security of the insurance services market in Ukraine is one of the priorities. The article discusses the risk factors influencing the provision of a high level of economic security of the insurance services market of Ukraine, analyzes the mechanisms for managing the economic security of the insurance services market. Particular attention is paid to the characterization of models of the State regulation of economic security of the insurance services market of the countries of the world, which helps to form the main emphasis on the state of development of the insurance services market of Ukraine. The practice of developed countries of the world indicates the inadmissibility of such a mechanism for ensuring economic balance as insurance premiums, and the need to focus on the formation of insurance reserves. Based on the practice of the developed countries of the world, it is advisable to summarize the mechanisms for ensuring the economic security of the insurance services market as a single system, monitoring of which will ensure systematic economic development, quick managerial decisions in transformational conditions and attraction of investment funds for long-term strategic planning. In addition, the article draws a parallel between ensuring a high level of economic security of the insurance services market and the development of the Ukrainian economy in the context of a rapid change in external influence factors, involving priority mechanisms for ensuring the long-term investment development of the country. The main directions of improvement of the State regulation of economic security of insurance services market are proposed.

Reflective Analysis on Facebook as Social Capital: Its Role in Transforming the Filipino College Students

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah V. Cadiao ◽  
Rolando A. Alimen
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
The State ◽  
State College ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level ◽  
Type Of School

The emergence of social network sites such as Facebook, Friendster, Myspace, Twitter, You Tube and the like are basic for nearly everybody. The researchers explored on the Facebook (FB) phenomenon as the latest trend among teenagers. The study determined the transformation brought about by Facebook phenomenon as analyzed in the different reflections, testimonies, and insights given specifically by the Filipino college students. The respondents of the study were 250 college students from the state college of Occidental Mindoro and private maritime university of Iloilo City who were purposively selected on the basis of their exposure to FB. The researchers utilized both quantitative and qualitative modes of data collection. Results of the study showed that the college students have a high level of perception on Facebook. Their level of perception differs significantly when they are classified according to Type of School, Gender and Year Level. In totality, FB transformed the Filipino youth socially, emotionally, mentally and technologically. Their exposure to FB brings them to the world of internet where communication is essential, entice them to get more friends, allow them to express their ideas, feelings, and sentiments freely. These activities using Internet lead them to become technologically attuned individuals.

scholarly journals Genetic variability of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum isolates from Turkey and resistance of Turkish bean cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. e1005
Author(s):  
Gulsum Palacioglu ◽  
Harun Bayraktar ◽  
Goksel Ozer
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Pathogen Populations ◽  
High Level ◽  
Pathogenic Diversity

Aim of study: To evaluate genetic variability and population structure of C. lindemuthianum isolates in Turkey and to record the reactions of some common bean cultivars to the pathogen isolates representing different genetic groups.Area of study: The study was performed in seven provinces of Turkey.Material and methods: Genetic diversity of 91 C. lindemuthianum isolates obtained from different provinces of Turkey was characterized by 27 iPBS and 30 ISSR primers. Also, the resistance of 40 common bean cultivars was scored against three isolates representing different genetic groups.Main results: The dendrogram based on the combined dataset of iPBS and ISSR markers classified the isolates into two main groups with a genetic similarity of 72%, which closely associated with the geographic distribution of the isolates. The dendrogram of Nei’s genetic distances and Structure analysis supported the clustering of C. lindemuthianum isolates according to the geographical provinces. The results indicated that high level of genetic diversity (GST= 0.4) and low level of gene flow (NM=0.748) exist among the populations. AMOVA analysis showed that 58.7% of total genetic variability resulted from genetic differences between the isolates within populations, while 41.29% was among populations. Four cultivars showed resistant reaction to three isolates, while the other cultivars were susceptible to at least one isolate.Research highlights: The results indicated that iPBS and ISSR markers were reliable and effective tools for analyzing population structure of C. lindemuthianum and revealed high level of genetic and pathogenic diversity among pathogen populations in Turkey.

scholarly journals Forecasting of Development Trends of Social Media Marketing in Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Z. P. Dvulit ◽  
O. Yu. Onyshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Network ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Media Marketing ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
High Level

The concept of social media marketing, its main tools and opportunities for using the company to communicate with clients and receive feedback are considered. The necessity of using social media marketing company has been determined, 48 % of consumers increase desire to buy a product of a brand that reacts sensitively to its customers in social media. The rating of the most popular social networks of the world is made. The state of social media marketing in Ukraine, tools of its application is investigated. The most used sites in Ukraine are considered and it is found that the first places in the rating are social networks. Three of the top five most popular sites are social networks. The rating of the most popular social networks in Ukraine is built. It is revealed that for Ukraine, social media marketing is relatively new, since it appeared only a few years ago, but today it has become quite powerful. Recently, there have been even special agencies that provide SMM services to companies. Despite the fact that SMM is only beginning to develop actively in Ukraine, it is worth noting how fast it develops and at what high level it is now. The number of users of social networks is increasing every minute both in the world and in Ukraine, further forecasts predict an even greater increase in interest in social networks in the future. It is revealed that in Ukraine the most popular social network is Facebook (in June 2017, Facebook reached 51.96 %). Based on the data on the use of social networks by online users, a forecast is made for the development of the five most popular social networks in Ukraine including Facebook, VKontake, YouTube, Instagram, Odnoklassniki. Based on the forecast it is defined that the number of users of such social networks as VKontakte and Odnoklassniki will decrease with time, and Youtube, Facebook, and Instagram will grow steadily.

scholarly journals Social security of war and military conflicts veterans in in the states of the Romano-Germanic legal family (on the example of France and Germany)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Kyrylo Nedrya
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
World Order ◽  
The State ◽  
State Support ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Military Campaigns ◽  
High Level

In this article, we analyze the history of the formation and development of the system of providing social and legal guarantees to participants of hostilities in the example of France and Germany, from 1914 to the present time. These countries were selected as key representatives of the Romano-German legal system. In addition, the experience of these countries is quite interesting in terms of the traditions of protection of war veterans, as well as the success of the state and society in this direction, which is an indication of the absence of any conflicts around this and social tension in particular. This situation is not a coincidence, since both France and Germany have a great military history, as former colonial empires, as well as states that can be considered the founders of modern armies of the world, and therefore the social protection of the mili-tary. The intensity of military campaigns and wars has contributed to a steadily high level of disability in families and families who have lost a breadwinner, which also required a solution, as well as a system of government and state support. The history of these countries in the twentieth century was also an exception, defining for them the status of opponents and key participants in the two world wars, as well as par-ticipation in the further formation of the world order (including military methods). They are still active, continuing to participate in NATO and UN peacekeeping operations, making their experience and evolution of the state support system for veterans constantly relevant.

scholarly journals TELAAH KEJAHATAN KEMANUSIAAN TERHADAP ETNIS ROHINGYA BERDASARKAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inggrit Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level

International law is a law whose enforcement depends on the good faith of the countries thatare members of the world community. It can only be imposed if the state does not have thepower of lobbying in international relations. The proof of many countries that violate the lawof intrenasional but has a strong ally then he is detached from the bondage of internationallaw itself. International humanitarian law has been in existence since the formation of theUnited Nations but its implementation has been dulled by the high-level lobby of the UNSecurity Council. Crimes against ethnic Rohingya should be prosecuted in the InternationalCriminal Court (ICC) because there are already elements of violations in the Rome Statute1998.

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