scholarly journals Global osteopathic treatment in the therapy of patients with chronic tension headache

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
V. O. Belash ◽  
I. I. Bruk
Keyword(s):  
Neck Region ◽  
Tension Headache ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Osteopathic Treatment

Introduction. Headache is one of the most common outpatient complaints from patients. According to various authors, annually 90 % of adult women and 83 % of adult men suffer from headaches; its frequency reaches 200 cases per 1000 population and does not tend to decrease. Herewith the tension headache (TH) is the most common variant of headaches in the general population. Modern methods of tension headache treating suggest the long-term use of antidepressants and muscle relaxants. And it may not give a lasting effect in some cases. Also, due to the small number of TH diagnoses by doctors among the population, people have to save themselves from a headache. As a result, the majority of the population suffering from TH takes analgesics uncontrollably. It fi nally leads to another severe type of headache — abusal headache. All these dictate the necessary of searching new methods of treatment, primarily non-medication, one of which could be osteopathy.The goal of research — to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the global osteopathic treatment of patients with tension headache.Materials and methods. A prospective, controlled, randomized trial was performed from 01.2018 to 03.2019 on the basis of the «Clinic of Regenerative Medicine» (Shakhty town) and V. I. Lenin MBUZ GBSMP. There were of 36 patients with a verifi ed diagnosis of chronic tension headache aged 20 to 40 years under supervision. Patients depending on the used treatment methodology were divided by the simple randomization method (using the envelopes method) into two groups: the main (20 people) and control (16 people). Patients of the main group received traditional therapy including medication, massage of the back and cervical-collar zone, physical exercises, and physiotherapy treatment. And in addition to these treatment methods patients of the main group received global osteopathic treatment, 3 procedures with an interval of 5–7 days. Patients in the control group received only standart therapy according to the same described above scheme. All the patients, regardless of the group, underwent an osteopathic examination before and after the course of therapy, with the formation of an osteopathic conclusion, and the severity of pain and asthenia was assessed.Results. The decreasing of regional and local somatic dysfunctions quantity in patients of the main group was observed during the treatment. Statistically signifi cant differences were obtained in the occurrence frequencies of somatic dysfunctions: region of the head, region of the neck, region of the dura mater; vertebral-motor segments СVII–DIII, abdominal diaphragm, I rib (p<0,05). A statistically signifi cant decrease in the pain severity and asthenic conditions (p<0,05) was also recorded after the treatment in the main group. There were no signifi cant changes of these indicators in the control patients group.Conclusion. Based on the study, it can be concluded that osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of patients with chronic tension headache can increase the clinical effectiveness of traditional treatment regimens. The obtained results propose a further deeper study of the osteopathic correction possibilities in the treatment of this patients group. 

Possibilities of osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunctions in children with chronic adenoiditis

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
E. V. Chaiko ◽  
O. I. Kurbatov
Keyword(s):  
Neck Region ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Thoracic Region ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Chronic Adenoiditis

Introduction. Chronic adenoiditis is one of the most frequent ENT diseases. It is comparatively resistant, and in advanced cases, the pathological process is hardly reversible. Despite the big number of publications on chronic adenoiditis, in a high percentage of cases specialists still encounter frequent recurrence of the disease. That is why issues of standard treatment, especially conservative, the search for adequate and effective methods of medical rehabilitation of patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, including in frequently ill children, are timely and relevant. Osteopathic methods of correction can potentially improve blood circulation and the innervation of adenoids, which will increase the clinical effectiveness of conservative treatment, reduce medication period and achieve a longer remission. However, studies on the influence of osteopathic correction on the course of chronic adenoiditis have not been found in the literature available to us. That is why it was necessary to conduct this study. The goal of research — to justify the possibility of using osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of frequently ill children with chronic adenoiditis.Materials and methods. From January 2018 to March 2019, a prospective controlled randomized study was performed at the MEDSI Clinic (Moscow). Thirty patients with chronic adenoiditis at the age of 4 to 10 years were examined. Patients were divided by the method of simple randomization using a random number generator into two equal groups of 15 people: the main group and the control group. Children of the main group received osteopathic correction along with drug and irrigation therapy for 2 months. In total, 3 osteopathic sessions were conducted with a frequency of 1 time in 14 days. Children in the control group received only pharmacological and irrigation therapy. All patients before the start of treatment and 2 months after the start of treatment were examined by an otorhinolaryngologist with an endoscopic examination, and by an osteopath with the assessment of the main somatic dysfunctions. Otorhinolaryngological examination included history taking and collecting of complaints with fi lling out a special questionnaire, anterior and posterior rhinoscopy, as well as an endoscopic examination of the nasopharynx with the assessment of the revealed changes in points.Results. After the treatment, the number of complaints and the main symptoms of the disease, the number of changes in the nasopharynx and oropharynx, revealed by the results of endoscopic examination, decreased statistically significantly in patients of both groups. The study showed that regional biomechanical disorders are common for children with chronic adenoiditis. Dysfunctions of head region, neck region (visceral component), thoracic region (structural component) were the most frequent. Against the background of the treatment, patients of the main group presented a decrease in the number of regional somatic dysfunctions. Statistically significant differences were obtained in the frequency of occurrence of somatic dysfunctions: head region, neck region (visceral and structural components), thoracic region (visceral and structural components) (p<0,05). In patients of the control group, a statistically significant decrease in the number of somatic dysfunctions was detected only in the head region (p<0,05). A follow-up assessment of the results of the treatment showed that the inclusion of osteopathic correction in the complex therapy of children with chronic adenoiditis contributes to a longer remission (p<0,05).Conclusion. Based on the study, it can be concluded that the direct results of osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of frequently ill children with chronic adenoiditis are comparable with the results of isolated pharmacological and irrigation therapy (reduction in the number of complaints and positive changes in the results of endoscopic examination of the nasopharynx). However, the inclusion of osteopathic correction in the complex therapy of such children contributes to a longer remission, which is of great importance for this group of patients. The results of the research suggest a further study of the possibilities of osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunctions in frequently ill children with chronic adenoiditis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Osteopathic Correction of 3-9 Month Old Babies Presenting Delayed Motor Development on the Background of the Perinatal Damage of the Nervous System

2016 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Y. . Kuzmina ◽  
Е. . Gorelikova ◽  
Е. . Gusina
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Cranial Sutures ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Osteopathic Treatment ◽  
Intraosseous Lesion

Introduction. In order to improve the effectiveness of rehabilitation treatment of children presenting delayed motor development, it is important to observe how somatic and neurologic dysfunctions influence each other and how they affect on the formation of motor skills in children. It is of current interest to justify methods of osteopathic diagnostics of somatic dysfunctions which can impede normal development of a child and methods of correction of these somatic dysfunctions by osteopathic techniques.The aim of the research. To evaluate clinical effectiveness of osteopathic supervision of formation of motor skills in babies presenting delayed motor development on the background of the perinatal damage of the nervous system. Methods. 70 3-9 month old babies presenting consequences of cerebral hypoxia-ischemia of the first-second degree, delayed motor development (F82) took part in the research. The babies were evaluated before and after osteopathic correction. In order to evaluate changes in the neurologic state and motor development there were used special tables for evaluation of neurologic states and a point scale for evaluation of progress in motor development.Results. Structure of somatic dysfunctions in babies presenting delayed motor development on the background of perinatal damage of the nervous system was identified. On the global level rhythmogenic disorders of the cranial rhythmical impulse were predominant. On the regional level the most typical somatic dysfunctions for this pathology were: somatic dysfunctions of the head region (46 %), of the duramatral region (32 %). On the local level somatic dysfunctions of the craniosacral system were the most frequent: dysfunctions of certain bones and cranial sutures (96 %), intraosseous lesion (78 %). After osteopathic treatment the number of changes in neurologic state had a coefficient of contingency with the number of somatic dysfunctions found, which makes evident the presence of strong feedback.Conclusion. The results obtained permit to recommend the use of osteopathic treatment together with the neurologic treatment in rehabilitation of babies.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1572 and fructo- oligosaccharides in the treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
I. B. Khlinov ◽  
R. I. Khlynova ◽  
E. I. Voronova ◽  
E. V. Garanina ◽  
I. A. Gurikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Remission ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Lactobacillus Paracasei ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mebeverine Hydrochloride ◽  
Irritable Bowel

The aim is to study the effect and safety of using the antispasmodic and synbiotic (Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1572 in combination with fructooligosaccharides) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation.Materials and methods — prospective randomized controlled trial of 80 patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation. Patients in the main group (40 people) took mebeverine hydrochloride 200 mg 2 times a day and synbiotic (5x109 CFU Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1572 and 5.2 g fructooligosaccharides) during 28 days. Patients in the control group (40 people) received mebeverine hydrochloride 200 mg 2 times a day during 28 days. Before and after treatment, patients underwent the GSPS questionnaire.Results — in control group clinical remission was achieved in 52.6% of patients. In the main group clinical remission was established in 92.3%, the increase was 39.7% (p <0.01). The relative risk of clinical remission when synbiotic included in the treatment for patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation is 1.75 (95% CI 1.28–2.4; p <0.01). When analyzing adverse events of the compared treatment regimens, no statistically significant differences were found (p = 0.75).Conclusion — the results of study demonstrate a significant increase in the effectiveness of therapy in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation with the combined use of antispasmodic and synbiotic.

Clinical effectiveness of the composition of muramylpeptides from gram-negative bacteria in the treatment of severe chronic generalized periodontitis

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
A.I. Grudyanov ◽  
E.V. Fomenko ◽  
O.V. Kalyuzhin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Indices ◽  
Periodontal Indices

The effectiveness of the immunomodulator Polymuramil (PM) was determined in the treatment of 40 patients with severe chronic generalized periodontitis based on the dynamics of the values of periodontal indices and the content of periodontal pathogens in the periodontal pockets. Patients of the main group (20 people) were treated with professional hygiene (PGO) in combination with daily intramuscular PM for 5 days at a dose of 200 mcg. Patients of the control group (20 people) were performed only PGO. The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated based on the dynamics of the clinical indices of Muehlemann and PMA and the presence or absence of major periodontal pathogens in the periodontal pockets. Results: in patients of the main group, the phenomena of periodontal inflammation and the main periodontal pathogens were eliminated in a shorter time and to a greater extent in comparison with patients of the control group

scholarly journals Vasculotoxicity of Chemotherapy: Assessment оf Endothelial Dysfunction Biomarkers’ Levels in Gastric Cancer Patients

Kardiologiia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Yu. Yu. Kirichenko ◽  
Yu. N. Belenkov ◽  
E. V. Privalova ◽  
Yu. I. Naymann ◽  
E. P. Gitel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Instrumental Evaluation ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Before And After

Aim To evaluate dynamics of biomarkers for endothelial dysfunction (ED), including endothelin-1 (ET-1) and von Willebrand factor (VWF) in patients with stomach cancer (adenocarcinoma) before and after polychemotherapy (PCT); to compare these results with respective values in healthy volunteers and patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD); to study correlations of the ED biomarkers with indexes of instrumental evaluation of endothelial dysfunction.Material and methods The study included 75 participants, including 25 healthy volunteers (control group), 25 patients with documented CVDs (arterial hypertension + ischemic heart disease), and 25 patients of the main group with histologically documented stage II-IV stomach cancer (adenocarcinoma) who received different courses of PCT with platinum-based agents (oxaliplatin, cisplatin) and fluoropyrimidines (5 fluorouracil, capecitabin). Laboratory measurement of ED biomarkers, computerized nailfold video capillaroscopy (CNVC), and finger laser photoplethysmography (PPG) (methods for noninvasive evaluation of vascular wall and ED), electrocardiography, 24-h ECG Holter monitoring, and echocardiography (EchoCG) were performed for all patients of the main group prior to PCT and within one months after the last course completion. This evaluation was performed once for healthy volunteers and patients of the CVD group upon inclusion into the study.Results In the main group, ET-1 levels were non-significantly lower than normal and did not change during the courses of antitumor treatment (0.95 [0.6; 1.4] and 0.94 [0.7; 1.4] pg /ml (р<0.9) before and after PCT, respectively). Statistically significant differences were found between the control group and oncological patients after the treatment (р<0.04). Levels of VWF remained within the normal range in all examined participants and did not significantly differ between study groups, including oncological patients before and after the specific treatment (р>0.05 for all comparisons). The correlation analysis detected significant correlations of ET-1 levels with functional disorders of microcirculation, ET-1 with the occlusion index (rs=0.56; p=0.005), ЕТ-1 with percentage of capillary restoration (PCR, rs= –0.72; p=0.018) and with the incidence rate of supraventricular extrasystole (rs=0.48; p=0.032).Conclusion The dynamics of ED biomarkers was studied for the first time in patients with stomach cancer receiving a specific antitumor therapy. Although no significant changes in ЕТ-1 and VWF were observed during the PCT (probably due to exhaustion of the endothelial system and a small patient sample), these indexes can be considered as early vasculotoxicity markers due to the presence of significant correlations with indexes of impaired endothelial function according to the results of instrumental evaluation.

scholarly journals Analysis of leech therapy effects in patients with chronic apical periodontitis

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-85
Author(s):  
AI Abdullaeva ◽  
AG Prityko ◽  
PA Voronin ◽  
EG Mikhailova
Keyword(s):  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Chronic apical periodontitis (CAP) is characterized by tissue inflammation around the tooth tip. Unstable outcomes of current treatments against CAP dictate the need for novel therapeutic techniques and medications. The aim of this study was to analyzed the effects of hirudotherapy on the treatment course in patients with CAP. Forty-one study participants aged 25 to 40 years were divided into the main group (20 patients) and the control group (21 patients). Pain level and the gingival index (GI) were measured in all study participants. During the first visit, pain scores did not differ significantly between the control (5.81 ± 0.65) and the main (5.75 ± 0.92) groups. During the second visit, pain was almost unnoticeable in the main group patients (1.05 ± 0.34), whereas pain scores were higher in the control group (4.10 ± 0.7). Our findings suggest a positive effect of hirudotherapy used in combination with standard treatment regimens.

scholarly journals Mineral bischofite complexes in medical rehabilitation of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-160
Author(s):  
Agnessa S. Kaisinova ◽  
Ilya V. Zelenski ◽  
Natalia V. Efimenko ◽  
Elena N. Chalaya
Keyword(s):  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Basic Drug ◽  
Restorative Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Tissues

The purpose of the research is to improve the efficiency of restorative treatment of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis based on the inclusion in therapeutic schemes of innovative mineral bishophytic complexes ― gel "Bishophytic" and rinser "Polymineral." Materials and methods. The study involved 116 patients at the age of 35 to 73 years old suffering from periodontal pathology (mild and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis). They were distributed by simple randomization into 3 groups: the main group included 43 people who received standard treatment in accordance with Russian clinical recommendations for the treatment of periodontitis, 45 minutes later the patients were prescribed some applications with 10% dental gel "Bishophytic" on the gum, in addition, the patients were recommended to use a rinser "Polymineral" for 6 months; the group of comparison included39 people who received standard treatment and gum applications with 10% "Bishophytic" dental gel; the control group) included 38 people who received only standard treatment. Results. Inclusion of mineral bishophytic complexes in treatment programs of patients with CGP contributes to significant reduction of inflammatory activity of periodontal tissues: 61.3% (p 0.01) had the improvement of hygienic and plaque indices in comparison with initial data; 54.6% (р 0,01) had the improvement after additional use of only gum applications with "Bishophytic" gel; the improvement was 52.2% (р 0.01) after basic drug therapy. Thus, the improvement of enzymatic processes was by 30.0% (p 0.01), 26.9% (p 0.01) and 7.8%; reduction of cytokine activity by 62.8% (p0.01), 61.1% (p 0.01) and 40%; the improvement of dental health by 84.0% (p 0.01), 80.7% (p 0.01) and 74.5% (p 0.01) at рkg-ог 0,05 and рkg-ог0,01. Conclusion. Inclusion of innovative mineral bishophytic complexes (gel "Bishophytic" and rinser "Polymineral") in treatment programs of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis contributes to optimization of therapeutic measures: clinical effectiveness in the main group was 93.0%; after usage of dental gel "Bishophytic" (group of comparison) it was 89.7% and after basic therapy (control group) 81.6%.

scholarly journals Surgical treatment of acetabular fractures

TRAUMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
I.I. Trufanov
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Main Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Acetabular Fractures ◽  
Control Group

Background. Acetabular fractures are severe intra-articular injuries that require anatomical reposition and early function, but they are often complicated by degenerative changes in both the acetabulum and the femoral head, leading to the development of post-traumatic coxarthrosis. The purpose was to study the clinical effectiveness of surgical treatment and postoperative management of patients using autologous platelet-rich plasma in patients with fractures of the acetabulum. Materials and methods. Twenty-eight patients with acetabular fractures of various degrees were operated at the City Emergency Hospital of Zaporizhzhia and the Municipal Clinical Hospital No 9 from 2017 to 2019. Gender composition: 22 men (78.57 %), 6 women (21.43 %), average age 46.64 ± 2.21 years, with a 95% confidence interval 42.31–50.96. Nineteen victims (67.86 %) had road traffic injuries, 7 (25 %) domestic injuries, and 2 (7.14 %) had industrial injuries. Results. In the main group of patients treated with platelet-rich plasma, radiologically visible adhesion of the injured area after 8 weeks occurred in 10 people (83.4 %). In one person (8.3 %), the adhesion occurred after 12, and in another (8.3 %) — 16 weeks after surgery. In the control group, adhesions at 8th week were registered in 14 patients (60.87 %), in 8 (34.78 %) — at 16th week. Given the general recovery of the body in the main group, the activation and social adaptation of patients occurred 2–3 weeks earlier. The assessment was performed radiologically and by the criteria of functional recovery.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE MESOTHERAPY EFFECT WITH EPIPHYSIS PEPTIDES ON THE MOISTURE AND ELASTICITY OF THE SKIN

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Tatiyana N. Korolkova ◽  
S. E Goma
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Isotonic Solution ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Intradermal Administration ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
Before And After

Introduction. Mesotherapy is a widely used method of preventing external signs of aging in cosmetology. However, drugs that have proven effectiveness are not enough, therefore epiphyseal peptides are of great interest. Purpose: is to study the effect of intradermal administration of peptide epiphysis on the functional para-meters of the skin. Material and methods. There were 38 women in the research devided into 2 comparable groups. The main group (26 persons) was treated by mesotherapy with epiphyseal peptides. Face, neck and decollete zones were treated by the method of “deep nappage” once a week, 5 procedures per course. Isotonic solution of NaCl was similarly injected into the neck and decollete areas of the control group (12 people). The moisture content (Corneometer CM 825, “Courage & Khazaka”, Germany) and the elasticity (Cutometer MPA 580, “Courage & Khazaka”, Germany) of the skin were determined. Functional skin parameters were evaluated before and after treatment (in both groups) and also on the 1st and 6th months after mesotherapy in the main group. Results. Under the influence of epiphysis peptides the moisture content of the skin increases by 10% after treatment (in the control group without changes) and after 1 month, then decreases by 5% in 6 months below the initial values. In the main group R0 and R8 parameters increase immediately after treatment by 21% and 20% (in the control group R0 and R8 decrease by 4-6%), then decrease by 6-7% and by 28%. The R4 parameter increases immediately after treatment by 20-25% (in the control group it decreases by 13%), then decreases by 12% and 24%; F0 and F1 parameteres increase immediately after treatment by 17% and 22% (in the control group they decrease by 4% and 3%), then decrease by 11% and 9%, by 25% and 28%. Conclusion. The revealed dynamics of skin functional indexes may support the stimulating effect of peptide epiphysis on the cellular elements of the dermis (activation of metabolic processes after treatment and improvement of elasticity parameters by 25-28% after 6 months). Mesotherapy with epiphyseal peptides can be recommended as a method of prevention and correction of age-related skin changes.

scholarly journals Analysis of Densitometric Indices of Osteotropic Therapy by the Method of F* (Fisher) in Case Of Knee Arthroplasty

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1035-1038
Author(s):  
Mirhakim Zh. Azizov ◽  
Aziz P. Alimov ◽  
Umida M. Rustamova ◽  
Khurshid Kh. Shakirov ◽  
Nadezhda V. Stupina
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mathematical Treatment ◽  
Treatment Schedule ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control ◽  
Densitometric Data

Clinical and densitometric researches in patients with the terminal stage of gonarthrosis and decrease in bone mineral density allow determining the condition of knee joint endoprosthesis. In the process of research women took part; their average age made up 57 years (max. 84 years old, min. 52 years old – menopausal age). X-ray densitometry (dual energy absorptiometry) before and after surgery (in 12 months). Patients were divided into two (main and control) groups depending on further treatment schedule. Studying the treatment results was carried out using the method of criteria calculation – f* (Fisher) by the method of mathematical treatment. Densitometric data analysis before and after operation showed after operation in the main group of women, who took osteotropic drugs as compared to the indicators of control group, significant bone density increase. The growth in bone mineral density of the main group by the year end made up on the average 60%, in control group – 18,75%.

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