scholarly journals Design for the cycle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Mitchell

Design for the Cycle investigates, evaluates, and aligns contemporary ideas to propose a system for the design of fabric buildings that respond to social and cultural changes through the manipulation of form and materiality over time. In doing so, a building’s continued relevancy over time allows a project to reduce its need for embodied energy associated with demolition and repurposing due to premature obsolescence. This can be done through communities driving co-ownership development and tractable design strategies, enriched by the study of existing buildings that have evaded demolition and successfully been repurposed. These elements are brought together to establish a set of guidelines for designing the life-cycle of fabric buildings within an urban context. Using the guidelines, the following thesis proposes a new process for designing and constructing fabric buildings woven into the city with a foundation of resiliency and values reflecting the importance of our earth’s finite resources.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Mitchell

Design for the Cycle investigates, evaluates, and aligns contemporary ideas to propose a system for the design of fabric buildings that respond to social and cultural changes through the manipulation of form and materiality over time. In doing so, a building’s continued relevancy over time allows a project to reduce its need for embodied energy associated with demolition and repurposing due to premature obsolescence. This can be done through communities driving co-ownership development and tractable design strategies, enriched by the study of existing buildings that have evaded demolition and successfully been repurposed. These elements are brought together to establish a set of guidelines for designing the life-cycle of fabric buildings within an urban context. Using the guidelines, the following thesis proposes a new process for designing and constructing fabric buildings woven into the city with a foundation of resiliency and values reflecting the importance of our earth’s finite resources.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Syeda Faeza Hasan ◽  
Farjana Rahman

Dhaka is one of the fastest-growing cities in the world with a population of 21 million. With the constantly rising inhabitants, this urbanizing hub officially only has 122 public toilets, and in reality, most of them are not functional (Sanyal, November 05, 2016). Different studies also suggested that current situations of the public toilets in the city are unusable and unhygienic. Apart from a few good ones, most toilets have filthy floors, inadequate lighting and ventilation, and unbearable odor of human waste. Although unhygienic open defecation by men is a common scene in the city, for the woman it is not an option. While the city plans to construct a few, there still will be a huge need for public toilets to meet the demand of the vast population. It is critical to realize the challenges existing and evolving from the forbidding public hygiene situation and the lack of proper public infrastructure. Understanding the user group is crucial as modern and costly toilets end up being rejected than being used. Thus the paper tries to address the problems and suggests design strategies to achieve a feasible design solution for a sustainable public toilet that supports and empowers communal hygiene. The contribution of this paper is not only to promote a design solution but how this infrastructure can integrate with the surrounding urban context. A modular prototype is proposed which is adaptable, feasible, cost-effective, easy to erect, and can be plugged into any corner of the city. Rethinking public toilets as an adaptable prototype is not only about providing proper sanitation but also encouraging people about hygiene education, awareness, and innovation. The design is conceptualized as a prefabricated self-sustainable modular unit that can be altered, increased, or decreased as per the necessity of the surrounding area. 


2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
Vytautas Petrušonis

In contemporary society marginalization, alienation of social groups is increasing. Among other things, it is related to changes in the phenomenon of social solidarity, which are influenced by the processes of individualization, diversification, globalization, segmentation. Architectural works of modern architects, that together with customers represent the attitudes of nowadays, often reflect the desire to dominate. While educating young architects it is important to provide them not only with technical and artistic skills, but also to make them understand how architecture can take part in the the actualization of harmonic social behaviour stereotypes, the psychological attitude to encourage the pursuit of social solidarity. It is therefore important to learn how architectural composition can ensure a harmonious social interaction. The related adequate experience is worth studying. It is particularly important to evaluate the works of different periods of our country’s famous architects. V. Landsbergis-Žemkalnis could be distinguished as one of such architects to whom responsibility to society was particularly significant. Analysis revealed that V. Landsbergis-Žemkalnis‘ works are characterized by predominance of an organic compositional type what means that the programming of social solidarity attitudes by architectural compositional measures is ensured. In particular, these properties are characteristic of V. Landsbergis-Žemkalnis‘ buildings realized in the heart of Kaunas city. These buildings are better harmonizing with adjacent buildings and the whole street space. Moving away from the center, in the buildings erected by V. Landsbergis-Žemkalnis design, the number of vertical elements increases, separate parts of a building have a more distinct height, the silhouette becomes more active, more dynamic. Typologically such a building could be assigned to the hierachical compositional type. In contrast to ’’buildings of the street”, ”of the city”, these buildings represent ’suburban” buildings, what claims to be a local compositional center. Altogether V. Landsbergis-Žemkalnis‘ works illiustrate his ability to ”read” the situation in an urban context and use properly selected compositional building parameters, especially properly chosen measures operating in a dense group of existing buildings where the solidarity phenomenon is of great importance. Santrauka Šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje didėja atskirtis, socialinių grupių nesusikalbėjimas, užsisklendimas, kuriant grupinius idealus, siekiant nereikšmingų tikslų. Greta kitų dalykų, tai susiję su socialinio solidarumo kaita, kuri veikiama tokių šiuolaikinės civilizacijos reiškinių kaip individualizacija, diversifikacija, globalizacijos procesas, segmentacija. Šiuolaikinės kartos architektų, kartu su užsakovais esančių savojo laikotarpio atstovais, darbai ypač dažnai atspindi siekį dominuoti, išsiskirti bet kokioje miesto dalyje, bet kokioje pastatų apsuptyje, todėl ugdant šiuolaikinius architektus svarbu perteikti jiems ne tik meninio komponavimo įgūdžius, bet suvokimą, kaip architektūra gali prisidėti prie harmoningos socialinės elgsenos stereotipų aktualizavimo, ypač skatinant socialinį solidarumą (nes tai susiję su visuomenės grupių santykių harmonizavimo užtikrinimu). Todėl svarbus kompozicinių priemonių, galinčių užtikrinti harmoningos socialinės sąveikos nuostatų aktualizavimą, socialinio solidarumo nuostatų įtvirtinimą, pažinimas, o tam ypač svarbu šiuo aspektu įvertinti mūsų šalies įvairių laikotarpių įžymių architektų kūrybą. Vienu iš tokių architektų yra V. Landsbergis-Žemkalnis, kuriam architekto atsakomybė visuomenei buvo ypač svarbi. Architekto V. Landsbergio-Žemkalnio darbų analizė parodė, kad jo kūrybai būdingas organiškojo kompozicinio tipo vyravimas, o kartu – socialinio solidarumo programavimą užtikrinančių architektūrinių kompozicinių priemonių dominavimas. Ypač šiomis programuojančiomis savybėmis pasižymi V. Landsbergio-Žemkalnio pastatai, esantys pačioje Kauno miesto širdyje – Naujamiestyje. Tai pasireiškia tuo, kad šie pastatai yra daugiau miestietiško tipo, aktyviai „bendradarbiauja“ su gretimais pastatais, su visa gatvės erdve. Tolstant nuo centro, pastatuose gausėja vertikalių elementų, daugiau skiriasi atskirų pastato dalių aukštis, siluetas darosi aktyvesnis, dinamiškesnis. Tipologiškai tai būdingi priemiesčių ar užmiesčio pastatų, kurie pretenduoja į lokalinio kompozicinio centro vaidmenį, bruožai. V. LandsbergioŽemkalnio kūryba liudija apie jo sugebėjimą suprasti urbanistinę situaciją ir joje deramai parinkti statinio kompozicinius parametrus, ypač – tankiai užstatytoje aplinkoje, kur solidarumo vaizdinis reprezentavimas yra itin aktualus.


2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-98
Author(s):  
Chee Huang Seah ◽  
Shawn Eng Kiong Teo

Within the past three years, the Singapore government has completed three integrated community hubs around the island. In tandem with the state's decentralization plan of 1991, such large-scale communal architecture plays a significant role in rejuvenating the heartlands and fostering a sense of place as towns mature. These nodal developments leverage on its urban context and programmatic offerings in a bid to generate a sustainable hub ecology for the city. Integrating various national and community stakeholders within a single development might seem like a literal trope for a whole-of-government approach to co-locate, co-share and collaborate. Through Our Tampines Hub, we examine the complexities of Singapore's first integrated hub. While validating the post-occupancy performance of the development, we also re flect and analyse specific design strategies and processes that aid in the social production of this mega community space. Through the theoretical underpinnings of largescale communal architecture as social condensers, this paper seeks to investigate the role and productive potential of this emerging shared urban model of integrated communal architecture in Singapore. It examines not only economic value in the land and space optimization harnessed, but also the new designs produced in the governance framework, closed-loop environmental outcomes and social impetus.


Author(s):  
Vicente Tang ◽  
Albert Acedo ◽  
Marco Painho

When immigrants move to a new city, they tend to develop distinct relationships with the urban landscape, which in turn becomes the new setting of their routine-based activities that evolve over time. Previous works in environmental psychology have quantitatively examined non-native residents' development of sense of place towards their new environment. In this paper, we introduce the spatial perspective into studying the sense of place experienced by non-natives in an urban context. We study the person-place bonds, relationships, and feelings cultivated by non-native residents living in the city of Lisbon (Portugal) through an online map-based survey. Then, we carried out spatial analysis aimed at distinguishing and visualizing the different facets of sense of place developed by two participant groups: short-term residents and long-term residents. Results showed that while short-term residents reported bonds with places, long-term residents' senses of place were more intense and broader throughout the city. The correlations, associations, and relationships between participant groups and the dimensions of sense of place allowed us to observe features and patterns that were previously described in the literature, although adding the spatial lenses can potentially provide better insights for urban planning, community development, and inclusive policies.


Facilities ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Susanne Balslev Nielsen ◽  
Rikke Brinkø

Purpose This study aims to investigate the attitude towards shared space in an urban context with a particular focus on meeting facilities. The Lyngby-Taarbæk City of Knowledge is used as a case, as this organisation has a vision of sharing facilities to stimulate regional development. Design/methodology/approach The attitude towards shared space in the Lyngby-Taarbæk City of Knowledge is studied in a three-step qualitative research process. An initial survey investigated the City of Knowledge’s members’ attitude towards shared space in general, a workshop further explored motivations and practical needs and a second survey investigated the attitude towards shared meeting facilities. The Brinkø Typology of Shared Use of Space and Facilities is used as the theoretical framework for the study (Brinkø et al., 2015). Findings This study shows that the respondents are very positive towards the concept of shared space but more reluctant when it comes to sharing own facilities. A majority of the informants are often using externally owned facilities for meetings and events and prefer professional meeting facilities to schools, universities and sports facilities. This points to a need for developing relevant service concepts, if a shared space strategy with focus on meeting facilities were to be used to increase the use rate of existing buildings not already intended for this use. Originality/value This study adds to the so far limited amount of scientific knowledge on the topic of shared space, by investigating the attitude towards shared space among a specific group of people, in relation to the use of external meeting facilities.


Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (16) ◽  
pp. 3236-3251
Author(s):  
Mario A. Fernandez ◽  
Shane L. Martin

Special Character Areas (SCAs) in Auckland, New Zealand, are areas with distinctive aesthetic, physical and visual qualities. Preservation policies entail controls on the design and appearance of new buildings, and on demolition, additions and alterations to existing buildings. To promote densification of the city, the Auckland Unitary Plan (AUP) removed SCA preservation rules in certain areas. This article assesses the trade-off between SCA preservation and housing development. We employ hedonic prices models to about 85,000 sale transactions between 2012 and 2016 and find that in 2012, the SCA price premium was 11.4% whereas the premium on upzoned properties (those with increased development allowances under the AUP) was zero. Over time, the SCA premium decreases, and by 2016 it was down to about 4.3%. At the same time, upzoning premiums increased to about 5% in 2016. These results reveal a demand shift from the protections of SCA towards flexibility on the development options of land.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allegra Pitera ◽  

Over time I have seen various attempts, both successes and fail-ures to ‘save’ Detroit. Some of the late-20th Century development projects were intended to save the city, such as John Portman’s Renaissance Center downtown on the river. However, the devel-opment trend in that era was to turn their backs on the urban landscape, razie historic buildings and vibrant neighborhoods: the developers lacked a sensitivity to the existing urban context. They could not see the potential value of robust communities and a walk-able urban streetscape; they were trying to save Detroit. Before defining Save-As, let’s define what Save-As is not. The issue with saving Detroit is partly that those doing the saving often presume to know what the city needs, and worse, turn their backs on the communities and the citizens who live and work there. As we know when working on a computer, there is an option for saving a project you are working on without destroying the previous version. It is called Save-as. Urban visionaries understand that if we re-vision Detroit through a contemporary design lens, if Saved-As, we have the opportunity to merge modern urban design strategies with the strengths of the existing framework, such as Detroit’s communities, culture and beautiful architecture. In doing so, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for urban-dwellers as well as the surroundings, benefiting through economic growth and vibrant neighborhoods. In this context, Save-As is therefore about retaining what works–and building up from there. As an educator, I feel that this is an important distinction for students to understand: to not try to save Detroit. The current Detroit riverfront now boasts a renovated Renaissance Center: thankfully there is no more concrete berm. The riverfront now consists of walkable and vibrant public spaces. One of my hunches in this research is that successful projects like this retain less of an emphasis on saving as they do in Save-As: creating a hybrid urban landscape of the best aspects of the what–is now–with what could be, socio-politically and eco-culturally.


Author(s):  
Biljana Petrevska ◽  
Noga Collins-Kreiner

This article assesses the different forces involved in shaping the city of Ohrid (North Macedonia) and demonstrates the manner in which the city has been transformed by tourism development. As a post-socialist city, the development of Ohrid has unique characters in terms of landscape, economic dynamics, and functional dimensions. The study's aim is also achieved by analyzing the validity and applicability of the Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC) model with regard to the evolution of tourism development in Ohrid, specifically, and in other cities in general. The article emphasizes the connection between the city’s urban context and tourism development. The findings also indicate that Ohrid is currently in its Development stage and that its life cycle curve exhibits a double cycle sequence, meaning that Ohrid is attracting many visitors and has reached a state of tourism maturity. The article emphasizes the connection between the city’s urban context and tourism development. From a practical perspective, the study reveals a lack of urban planning and uncontrolled tourism development.


Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hideki Bando ◽  
Fernando Madalena Volpe

Background: In light of the few reports from intertropical latitudes and their conflicting results, we aimed to replicate and update the investigation of seasonal patterns of suicide occurrences in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Data relating to male and female suicides were extracted from the Mortality Information Enhancement Program (PRO-AIM), the official health statistics of the municipality of São Paulo. Seasonality was assessed by studying distribution of suicides over time using cosinor analyses. Results: There were 6,916 registered suicides (76.7% men), with an average of 39.0 ± 7.0 observed suicides per month. For the total sample and for both sexes, cosinor analysis estimated a significant seasonal pattern. For the total sample and for males suicide peaked in November (late spring) with a trough in May–June (late autumn). For females, the estimated peak occurred in January, and the trough in June–July. Conclusions: A seasonal pattern of suicides was found for both males and females, peaking in spring/summer and dipping in fall/winter. The scarcity of reports from intertropical latitudes warrants promoting more studies in this area.


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