scholarly journals Justification of Requirements for the Motorless Method of Evaluation of Deposit Forming Tendency of Diesel Fuel on Diesel Engine Injectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 (6) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
A. V. Yakovlev ◽  
◽  
E. A. Sharin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Test Temperature ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Optimal Test ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
Flow Loss ◽  
Method Of Evaluation

The calculation of the dynamics of heating a drop of fuel in the nozzle of diesel injector has been carried out. The possibility of using a gasoline nozzle to assess the tendency of diesel fuels to the formation of deposits on diesel engine injectors has been substantiated. The optimal test temperature for diesel fuels has been experimentally determined. Taking into account the calculated parameters, a method for evaluating the propensity of diesel fuels to form deposits on the injectors was developed on an OSV-01 device. It has been found that darkening of the nozzle bottom and the relative fuel flow loss are independent indicators. It is shown that the sensitivity and differentiating ability of method are sufficient for classification of diesel fuels according to their tendency to form deposits on the injectors of diesel engines. Two criteria for estimating the degree of contamination of nozzle are proposed: contamination of the nozzle bottom and relative fuel flow loss thought nozzle. Preliminary studies of tendency to form deposits of a number of commercial diesel fuels have been conducted.

Performance Investigation of a Four Stroke Diesel Engine, Using Water-Based Ferrofluid as an Additive

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Daneshvar ◽  
N. Jahani ◽  
M. B. Shafii
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Water Based

In this experimental study, a four stroke diesel engine was conducted to investigate the effect of adding water-based ferrofluid to diesel fuel on engine performance. To our knowledge, Magnetic nanoparticles had not been used before. To this end, emulsified diesel fuels of 0, 0.4, and 0.8 water-based ferrofluid/Diesel ratios by volume were used as fuel. The ferrofluid used in this study was a handmade water-based ferrofluid prepared by the authors. The results show that adding water-based ferrofluid to diesel fuel has a perceptible effect on engine performance, increasing the brake thermal efficiency relatively up to 12%, and decreasing the brake specific fuel consumption relatively up to 11% as compared to diesel fuel. In addition, the results indicate that increasing ferrofluid concentration will magnify the results. Furthermore, it was found that magnetic nanoparticles can be collected at the engine exhaust using magnetic bar.

scholarly journals A Study on Water-Induced Damage Severity on Diesel Engine Injection System Using Emulsified Diesel Fuels

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 2285
Author(s):  
Min-Seop Kim ◽  
Ugochukwu Ejike Akpudo ◽  
Jang-Wook Hur
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Diesel Fuel Injection

Diesel engine emissions contribute nearly 30% of greenhouse effects and diverse health and environmental problems. Amidst these problems, it is estimated that there will be a 75% increase in energy demand for transportation by 2040, of which diesel fuel constitutes a major source of energy for transportation. Being a major source of air pollution, efforts are currently being made to curb the pollution spread. The use of water-in-diesel (W/D)-emulsified fuels comes as a readily available (and cost-effective) option with other benefits including engine thermal efficiency, reduced costs, and NOx reduction; nonetheless, the inherent effects—power loss, component wear, corrosion, etc. still pose strong concerns. This study investigates the behavior and damage severity of a common rail (CR) diesel fuel injection system using exploratory and statistical methods under different W/D emulsion conditions and engine speeds. Results reveal that the effect of W/D emulsion fuels on engine operating conditions are reflected in the CR, which provides a reliable avenue for condition monitoring. Also, the effect of W/D emulsion on injection system components-piston, nozzle needle, and ball seat–are presented alongside related discussions.

Economy and Emissions Characteristics of Emulsified Diesel Fuels from Diesel Engine

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 3915-3919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Zhen Bin Chen ◽  
Ming Wei Xiao ◽  
Sheng Jun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Diesel Fuels

To meet demands for improvements in the CO,NOx and smoke intensity and fuel economy from diesel engine,the emulsified diesel fuel are choose as alternative fuel .It is prepared through selecting appropriate compound-surfactants on the basis of the HLB (hydrophilic and lipop- hilic balance) value.Comparative experiments between the emulsified fuels and diesel are undertook based on engine bench test in the model 295A diesel engine without any modification. The results indicate that smoke intensity and NOx emissions are reduced greatly when using the emulsified fuels ,especially for those with glucose Solution.Besides,The fuel consumption of the emulsified fuels s are less than that of pure diesel and the economy characteristic from diesel engine is better.

Vegetable Oils as Fuel for Diesel Engines: An Overview

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Babu ◽  
G. Devaradjane
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

The intent of this paper is to summarize the state of knowledge on use of vegetable oils as diesel fuels. Fuel related properties are reviewed and compared with conventional diesel fuel. The use of neat vegetable oil (edible and/or nonedible), biodiesel and its blends in a diesel engine has been discussed. Performance and emission characteristics are highlighted. Suitability of different combustion chambers for diesel engine operation with vegetable oils is outlined. Techniques to decrease viscosities are discussed. An overview on current developments on the use of vegetable oils directly and indirectly in diesel engines is presented.

scholarly journals USE OF BUTANOL IN DIESEL ENGINES AS A MOTOR FUEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (55) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
H.M. Kukharonak ◽  
◽  
D.G. Hershan ◽  
A.S. Klimuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Computer Modeling ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Mixed Fuel ◽  
Fuel Flow

The article presents the results of computer modeling and experimental research of the effect of butanol content in the fuel on the specific power, fuel-economic and environmental performance of 4ЧН 11/12.5 (4ChN 11/12.5) diesel engine at various cycle fuel supplies and exhaust gas recirculation rates. The research has been carried out at crankshaft speeds of 1,000, 1,200, 1,400, 1,600, 1,800, 2,000 and 2,200 rpm with 25, 50, 75 and 100 % load. Fuels with butanol content of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 % by volume have been investigated. The computer model of the diesel working process has been developed that takes into account the physical and chemical properties of the fuel, the characteristics of the fuel flow in the nozzle tip and the development of fuel sprays in the combustion chamber. Based on the results of computer modeling, dependencies have been determined that make it possible to assess the effect of the percentage of butanol in mixed fuel on the mean indicator pressure, specific fuel consumption, indicator efficiency, emissions of nitrogen oxides and dynamic indicators of the combustion process when choosing the composition of mixed butanol-containing fuel. Based on the conducted research, the following composition of mixed fuel has been selected: 85 % diesel fuel and 15 % butanol. Comparative tests of the diesel engine have been carried out when working on the external speed characteristic on diesel fuel and its mixture with 15 % butanol. It is obtained that when using mixed fuel, the character of the power change remains unchanged, the exhaust smoke decreases, nitrogen oxides emissions decrease at crankshaft speeds of 1,400, 1,600, 1,800, and 2,200 rpm, and the effective engine efficiency remains practically unchanged.

scholarly journals Engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics of paraffinic diesel fuel in a model diesel engine 

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Jevič Petr ◽  
Pražan Radek ◽  
Šedivá Zdeňka
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Single Cylinder Engine ◽  
Model Diesel ◽  
Fuel Mixtures ◽  
The Individual

The article deals with verification of a diesel fuel and two fuel mixtures blends with different amounts of the bio-component using the model single-cylinder engine without the additional equipment for treatment of exhaust gases. This combustion diesel engine served for measuring the performance characteristics of the model single-cylinder engine and the individual emission components in order to assess the use of these blends of liquid paraffinic diesel fuel in practice and to meet current and forthcoming European legislation and to fulfil the commitments by 2020. A detailed chemical analysis was performed in case of all the tested paraffinic diesel fuels. 

scholarly journals On-Board Ultrasonic Water-in-Diesel Emulsion (WiDE) Fuel System for Low-Emission Diesel Engine Combustion

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Kotaro Kojima ◽  
Jun Kojima
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Fuel Injectors ◽  
Fuel Supply ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels

Water-in-diesel emulsion (WiDE) fuel is a promising alternative fuel capable of reducing nitrogen oxides (NOX) and particulate matter (PM) in diesel engine exhaust while simultaneously preserving combustion efficiency of the engine. However, the instability of WiDE fuel—and the high costs of production and transportation—hinder its commercialization and widespread use. An on-board ultrasonic WiDE fuel supply system is proposed as a solution to this challenge. This system allows diesel fuel and water to be continuously emulsified on-board a diesel vehicle. Diesel fuel and water, stored in individual reservoirs, are conveyed in specific ratios to an in-line mixing chamber and are rapidly homogenized by ultrasonic cavitation before entering the fuel injectors. The produced emulsion fuel is then supplied to the engine. A proof-of-concept study was conducted to compare exhaust emissions between emulsion fuels and conventional fuels. Open-flame combustion experiments were conducted using a lab-scale burner to test the system with both diesel and biodiesel fuels. Unique optical diagnostics and image-processing techniques were used to estimate PM emission levels. Results showed a reduction of PM with the use of the on-board WiDE system compared to traditional diesel fuels. PM emissions from biodiesel fuel were reduced by 58% when water-in-biodiesel emulsion was combusted with 2% water. Additionally, a PM emission reduction of 35% was achieved through emulsification of diesel fuel with 2% water. This prototype demonstrates the potential for the on-board WiDE fuel supply concept to both overcome the traditional barriers hindering the commercialization of WiDE fuel and preserve its low-emission and superior combustion efficiency characteristics.

scholarly journals Impact of using adulterated automotive diesel on the exhaust emissions of a stationary diesel engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-296
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
White Spirit ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Heating Oil

The EU Directives and legislation by worldwide environmental authorities impose constantly lower levels for the airborne pollutant emissions of internal combustion engines towards the goal of zero emission vehicles. During the last decade, engine manufacturers, refiners and fuel companies invest highly in order to comply with the increasingly severe emission requirements. The diesel engine is widely used for transportation, manufacture, power generation, construction and farming operations. There are different kinds of diesel engine depending on their application: small, high speed, indirect-injection engines or low speed, direct -injection behemoths with cylinders more than one meter in diameter. Their main advantages are the efficiency, economy and reliability. The physicochemical properties of the diesel fuels and the engine design affect the operability, the efficiency and the performance of the diesel engine and they correlate to the exhaust emissions. In Greece, the diesel fuel market steadily increases during the last years. The fuels produced by the refineries usually comply with the existing specifications. However, alterations in the fuel properties may occur through the supply chain to the service stations due to failures of the distribution system (i.e. contamination with water, tank sludge and residues) or adulteration with lower value and taxation fuels (heating oil, marine diesel or industrial solvents). The transportation sector is a major source of air pollution. It contributes to harmful exhaust emissions, such as greenhouse gas emissions, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (ΝΟx), unburned hydrocarbons (HC) and particulate matter (PM) emissions. In this paper, PM and exhaust emissions from a stationary single cylinder diesel engine were examined. For comparison purposes, tests were carried out with a typical automotive diesel fuel of the Greek market and with adulterated fuels with heating oil or white spirit. The noncomplying diesel fuels gave increased emissions in all cases with only exception the PM emissions due to adulteration with white spirit. More specifically, the experimental results for the adulterated fuels with heating diesel showed an increase of the nitrogen oxide emissions up to 73.9%, of the unburned hydrocarbons up to 29.6% and of PM up to 121% compared to the baseline diesel fuel emissions.

STUDY OF THE OPERATION OF THE DIESEL ENGINE 4H 11,012,5 ON MIXTURES OF DIESEL FUEL WITH BIOGAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Anatoly N. Kartashevich ◽  
Vitaly A. Shaporev
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Bench Tests ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
Supply Equipment ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Range Of Variation

One of the main tasks in the operation of automotive vehicles is the development of measures to protect the environment from toxic components of exhaust gases (exhaust) of internal combustion engines. Biogas is one of the most environmentally friendly fuels for vehicles, as it produces minimal emissions of carbon dioxide and particulate matter. The gas engine runs quieter, vibration is reduced, which helps to improve the working conditions of drivers. The article is devoted to the development of new fuel compositions based on diesel fuel (DT) and biogas (BG) that meet the requirements of their application in diesel. The article is referred to effective performance of a diesel and the performance of its opacity and toxicity when operating on mixtures consisting of 85% diesel + 15% HD and 70% diesel + 30% BG at different values of the angle of installation of an advancing of injection of fuel. The results of bench tests of diesel when working on these fuel compositions are given. Based on the analysis of the experimental data, the optimal regulation of the fuel supply equipment was determined. According to the results of bench tests of diesel engine with mixtures of BG following conclusions: 1) When using diesel fuels with the addition of 15% HD and 30% BG optimum installation angle of an advancing of injection should be considered ?vpr angle=22?; 2) Operation diesel with additives 15% HD and 30% BG, the amount of heat, allows to reduce the consumption of diesel fuel, respectively, 15% and 30%; 3) The diesel engine works on mixed fuels with the addition of the BG is accompanied by a reduction in emissions from the exhaust gases of soot particles tend to be around the expected range of variation of the angle setting; 4) Work on mixed diesel fuels with the addition of BG in the whole considered range of variation of the angle of installation is accompanied by an increase of emissions in the EXHAUST gas of nitrogen oxides and unburned hydrocarbons.

The Effect of Percent Hydrogen in Fuel on Smoke Emissions of a Compression-Ignition Engine

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 842-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Voorhies ◽  
L. R. Daniel ◽  
L. Long
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Unique Parameter

Six diesel fuels, varying in percent hydrogen from 12.36 to 14.38 percent and in cetane number from 37.5 to 55.5, were evaluated for percent opacity as a function of fuel-air ratio—both at 800 and 1000 rpm—in a Waukesha CFR diesel engine. In both cases, at a given fuel-air ratio, the smoke emissions (measured by percent opacity) decreased with increasing percent hydrogen in the fuel. In these studies, percent hydrogen was both a satisfactory and a unique parameter, since neither cetane number nor volatility of the various fuels could be correlated with smoke emissions. In these studies, percent hydrogen is apparently the essential index of diesel fuel quality for satisfactory smoke emissions.

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