A TEST QUESTIONNAIRE FOR DIAGNOSING FUNDAMENTAL WORLD VIEWS OF AN INDIVIDUAL

Author(s):  
Savchyn M.V.

The purpose of the article is a theoretical and practical substantiation of the test questionnaire “Fundamental worldview orientations of an individual” and a description of the stages of its creation. The following methods are used: a theoretical analysis, an empirical research. A variant of the test questionnaire, methods of its application and calculation of the quantitative data are described.Results and conclusions. It is stated that the diagnosing fundamental attitudes of an individual to himself, to other people, to life, the world and the spiritual sphere by a psychologist allows him to more effectively assist a client or a patient in strengthening his mental, psychological, social, moral and spiritual health. The article demonstrates the constructiveness of J. Powell’s idea that the integrity of human life depends on the perception and understanding of one’s own inner world and the world of others, the meaning of life, attitude to the nature and the spiritual reality. It is noted that the questionnaire created by the author for psychotherapeutic purposes cannot be used for diagnostic purposes due to the low reliability of the obtained quantitative results. The point adaptation techniques and the criteria of formulation of the author’s variant of the diagnostic test questionnaire “Fundamental worldview orientations of an individual” are characterized. PhD’s and Masters of psychology and pedagogy expertly tested the formulated scales and their points. The stages of its creation are described (adaptation of statements to the national realities, formation of criteria for selecting formulating statements; initial verification of validity and reliability of the questionnaire, statistical processing of primary data with determining relevant statistical indicators; improving statements and testing the improved version, checking the reliability and the constructive validity of the criteria), methods of checking the validity and reliability of the scales are suggested, relevant statistical indicators are characterized, stimulus material of the questionnaire is demonstrated, which includes the instructions to the subject, a list of five scales (“Views on life”, “Views on God”, “Views on other people”, “Views on nature”, “Views on oneself”), a form to fill in the answers, a list of direct and inverse statements in scales and the codes of translating answers into points. The types of respondents’ views are defined comparing with separate scales (1) positively constructive, harmonious; 2) positively disharmonious; 3) negatively disharmonious; 4) negatively destructive) and similar types of generalized worldviews of a subject. The obtained results can be used as data in counselling, correctional and psychotherapeutic activities of a practical psychologist.Key words: views of individual, validity, reliability, diagnostic scales, statistical indicators, view types. Мета статті – теоретичне і практичне обґрунтування тест-питальника «Фундаментальні світоглядні орієнтації особистості», опис етапів його створення. Методи. Використані такі методи: теоретичний аналіз, емпіричне дослідження. Описано варіант тестового питальника, методика його застосування й обчислення кількісних даних.Результати та висновки. Констатується, що діагностика психологом фундаментальних ставлень особистості до себе, до інших людей, до життя, світу та духовної сфери дозволяє йому ефективніше надавати допомогу тому, хто її потребуючому, клієнту чи пацієнту, у зміцненні його психічного, психологічного, соціального, морального та духовного здоров’я. Вказується на конструктивність ідеї Дж. Пауелла про залежність повноти людського життя від бачення, способів розуміння власного внутрішнього світу, світу інших, смислу життя, ставлення до природи та духовної реальності. Зазначається, що створений автором для психотерапевтичних цілей питальник не можна використати з діагностичною метою у зв’язку з низькою надійністю одержуваних кількісних результатів. Охарактеризовані напрями адаптації пунктів та критерії формулювання нових авторського варіанта діагностичного тест-питальника «Фундаментальні світогляди орієнтації особистості». У ролі експертів сформульованих шкал та їхніх пунктів виступили кандидати психологічних наук і магістри психології та педагогіки. Описано етапи його створення (адаптація тверджень до вітчизняних реалій, формування критеріїв добору тверджень та їх формулювання; первинна перевірка валідності та надійності питальника, статистичне опрацювання одержаних первинних даних із визначенням відповідних статистичних показників; удосконалення тверджень і випробовування вдосконаленого варіанта, перевірка надійності, критеріальної та конструктивної валідності), викладено методи перевірки валідності та надійності шкал, характеризуються відповідні статистичні показники, викладається стимульний матеріал питальника, що включає інструкцію досліджуваному, перелік пунктів п’яти шкал («Уявлення про життя», «Уявлення про Бога», «Уявлення про інших людей», «Уявлення про природу», «Уявлення про себе»), бланк для відповідей, перелік прямих і зворотних тверджень у шкалах, коди їх переведення відповідей у бали. Виділено типи уявлень респондентів за окремими шкалами (1) позитивно-конструктивний, гармонійний; 2) позитивно-дисгармонійний; 3) негативно-дисгармонійний; 4) негативно-деструктивний)), аналогічні типи узагальнених світоглядних уявлень досліджуваного. Зазначається, що отримані дані можуть бути використані в консультативній, корекційній та психотерапевтичній діяльності практичного психолога.Ключові слова: уявлення особистості, валідність, надійність, діагностичні шкали, статистичні показники, типи уявлень.

Lumen et Vita ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Nutter

Rather than being of little practical importance, the metaphysical underpinnings of a given horizon determine the character of its existential problematic. With the breakdown of classical metaphysics concomitant with the modern turn to the subjective, the existential problematic of finitude as ultimate horizon arose. According to this subjective turn, the human person can no longer engage the world as though it were in itself constituted by transcendently grounded meaning and value. Standing within this genealogical lineage, Martin Heidegger undertook a phenomenological investigation into the existential constitution of the human person which defines authenticity in terms of finitude. For the early Heidegger, human life is essentially ‘guilty’. This guilt, however, is not the traditional cognizance of one’s sinfulness, but the foundational Nichtigkeit (‘nullity’) of life and its attendant possibilities in the light of the ultimate finality of death. Authenticity, then, consists of a resolute working out of one’s life in the face of such inevitable finality. For the later Heidegger, the finite horizon of a particular epochal disclosure gifts Being to thought and determines it thereby. Authenticity in this case consists of giving oneself over to be appropriated by an event of Being. In contrast, Lonergan understands authenticity as being true to that primordial love which beckons us to intellectual probity and responsibility in working out life’s possibilities. This essay will illustrate how Lonergan’s analysis of the intentional structure of human conscious operations stands as a corrective to Heidegger’s early existential analysis of human being-in-the-world and later thought about Being. While Lonergan defines authenticity as loving openness to transcendent Being, Heidegger, because of his forgetfulness of the subject in her conscious operations, does not allow for a transcendence which stands beyond any finite horizon. 


Author(s):  
E. V. Zolotukhina-Abolina

The article discusses the relationship between the concepts of humanitarianism and humanity, which the author dissociates from each other, also separating them from the concept of humanism. The author believes that these concepts are often confused, they form a “semantic cloud,” intuitively comprehended as integrity and referring us to the image of man as the center of the world and the subject matter of discussion in ethics, aesthetics, psychology as well as philosophy and other “free arts.” However, these concepts need to be distinguished. Humanism represents a conceptual theoretical setting for considering a person as a free, independent and active being, while, in the author’s opinion, humanitarianism is a literary (philosophical and artistic) form of statements about a person. At the same time, humanity is meant as a characteristic of behavior and attitudes that motivate this behavior, such as the motives of kindness, philanthropy, benevolence. The article reveals the main features of humanitarianism and also shows that humanitarian texts are not always texts originating from attitudes of humanity and pursuing humanity. Literary reflection on the subject of a man does not necessarily need kindness and benevolence. The article provides examples of both the coincidence of humanitarianism and humanity and their divergence. The author draws attention to the existence of humanitarian but not humane texts, some of which cannot be attributed as philanthropic and other ones – as optimistic. The author considers it necessary not to confuse closely related concepts, denoting different aspects of human life and culture.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Biltiser Bachtiar Manti ◽  
Adian Husaini ◽  
Endin Mujahidin ◽  
Didin Hafidhuddin

<p>This research is motivated by the attitude of Muslim ambiguity in facing modernity which its existence is necessity and can not be rejected in any way. The product of modernity has roiled throughout the joints and pulse of human life without any rebellion. Because he is present with a friendly and pragmatic smile, so able to lull and make forget the impacts. The author formulates this research on the concept of modern education Mahmud Yunus and its relevance to modern education now and how its contribution to modern educational institutions in Indonesia. This study aims to get a picture of modern educational thinking Mahmud Yunus and its relevance to the birth of modern educational institutions in Indonesia. This research is library research, where the data obtained through primary data sources and secondary data, either through the source books of Mahmud Yunus figures directly or from reading materials and internet searching and interviews that the author describes by arranging them according to the theme and issues, especially issues related to the modernization of Islamic education in Indonesia. The concept of modern education Mahmud Yunus is a radical renewal of the education system by taking into account the needs and demands of society, without destroying the existing order. So the offer of modernization of education Mahmud Yunus, in the application of its implementation does not get opposition from anyone, both internal and ekster-nal. While his contribution to the birth of modern educational institutions in Indonesia; In the first place, institutional modernization, Mahmud Yunus is among those who pioneered the need to change the teaching system from the individual ones as applied in the pesantren using the sorogan or weton method. Secondly, the modernization in curriculum where Mahmud Yunus was the first to pioneer the existence of an integrated curriculum, a curriculum combining religious knowledge and general science in Islamic educational institutions, especially in developing Arabic teaching. Third, modernization in the field of learning, Mahmud Yunus is recognized by educational experts as a way hacker for the birth of new methods of Islamic education in Indonesia and he made a new teaching method that he introduced with the name al-thariqah al-mubasyarah (direct methode) that teaches various components science of Arabic. From the thought of Mahmud Yunus is found a new concept, namely; "ICT-based Modern Madrasahs" from the elaboration of the modernization concept both from the institutional side, the curriculum, the method of learning and producing a reliable educator in the hope of becoming a new paradigm for the world of Islamic education in the world and Indonesia in particular.</p><p class="keywords">Keywords: modern education, islamic education institution, integrated curriculum</p>


2020 ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Joanna Szczęk

The constant presence of animals in human life influences language. It is not only a rich animal and zoonotic lexis but also a way of perceiving animals, the attributes assigned to them and the behaviour observed. Through the prism of language, one can show the linguistic image of the world of a selected fragment of reality. The subject matter of this study is the linguistic image of the world based on personal insults with an animalistic component in German and Polish. The work is confrontational. The research corpus is constructed of personal zoonotic names collected from the dictionaries of both languages. The aim is to present the linguistic picture of the world based on the collected units and indicate, on this basis, the similarities and differences in the mentioned scope. Based on the analysis of the corpus, the appropriate conclusions are drawn about the perception of animals in both language cultures. Due to similar experiences in contact with animals, one can expect mainly similarities in this regard.


Author(s):  
Nataliya G. Koptelova

The article deals with the "theatricalisation" of the lyrical hero, which is a characteristic feature of Alexander Blok’s poetry. It is shown that the desire for theatre, as the highest art form, meets the resistance of the lyrical way of knowing the world that prevails in Alexander Blok’s creative mind. This leads to the fact that the streams of lyricism and theatre in his artistic system collide and interact. As a result, traits which are inherent in the creative thinking of playwrights, actors and stage directors and organic for Alexander Blok are realised on the basis of lyricism. It is proved that the "theatricalisation" of the lyrical hero in Alexander Blok's poetry is expressed both in the reincarnation of the subject, revealing autopsychological experiences (then the reception of the "lyrical mask" arises), and in the statement of the role principle. It is emphasised that the "theatricalisation" of the lyrical hero, occurring in Alexander Blok's verses, leads to the creation of characters whose inner world can be in the most varying degrees of distance from the author's consciousness.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Agapov Oleg D. ◽  

The joy of being is connected with one’s activities aimed at responding to the challenges of the elemental forces and the boundlessness of being, which are independent of human subjectivity. In the context of rising to the challenges of being, one settles to acquire a certain power of being in themselves and in the world. Thus, the joy of being is tied to achieving the level of the “miraculous fecundity” (E. Levinas), “an internal necessity of one’s life” (F. Vasilyuk), magnanimity (M. Mamardashvili). The ontological duty of any human being is to succeed at being human. The joy of being is closely connected to experiencing one’s involvement in the endless/eternity and realizing one’s subjective temporality/finitude, which attunes him to the absolute seriousness in relation to one’s complete realization in life. Joy is a foundational anthropological phenomenon in the structure of ways of experiencing the human condition. The joy of being as an anthropological practice can appear as a constantly expanding sphere of human subjectivity where the transfiguration of the powers of being occurs under the sign of the Height (Levinas) / the Good. Without the possibility of transfiguration human beings get tired of living, immerse themselves in the dejected state of laziness and the hopelessness of vanity. The joy of being is connected to unity, gathering the multiplicity of human life under the aegis of meaning that allows us to see the other and the alien in heteronomous being, and understand the nature of co-participation and responsibility before the forces of being, and also act in synergy with them.The joy of being stands before a human being as the joy of fatherhood/ motherhood, the joy of being a witness to the world in creative acts (the subject as a means to retreat before the world and let the world shine), the joy of every day that was saved from absurdity, darkness and the impersonal existence of the total. Keywords: joy, higher reality, anthropological practices, “the height”, subject, transcendence, practice of coping


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba József Spalovszky

Beginnings are usually regarded as either hard or energizing times that set our inner world in motion. However, there is a beginning that is more important for humanity than any other: the origin of human life and of the world. The knowledge of our origin and the mystery concerning the beginning of the world have been the most intriguing and most engaging issues since man became aware of their own physical and spiritual existence. For many centuries, it was the duty of religion to provide humanity with a teaching about their origin and the foundation of human dignity. However, the 18th and 19th centuries were critical in the treatment of the biblical creation stories in Europe. The debate between misinterpreted creation myth accounts and scientific theories led to a sharpening confrontation between religion and science, but it also divided the believers and resulted in the birth of new theories. Emanuel Swedenborg, an influential theologist of the period, wrote detailed commentaries and genuine tractates related to the topic that influenced the ideology and art of William Blake, a versatile and ingenious artist and thinker of the era, whose influence is still significant today. The aim of this study is to highlight the parallels and contrasts between Blake’s Genesis myth and Swedenborg’s teachings, mainly through the unusual pairing of The [First] Book of Urizen and The Last Judgment, to show the connection between Swedenborg’s unorthodox views and Blake’s ideas about the creation of man and the world.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidian Putri ◽  
Indrawati Indrawati

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menggambarkan tentang perbandingan strategi diplomasi pop culture yang dilakukan oleh Korea Selatan dan Jepang. Pembahasan difokuskan pada pelaksanaan strategi Korean Wave dan Cool Japan dalam menyebarkann industri hiburannya ke berbagai negara di dunia termasuk di Indonesia, yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi, walaupun pada awalnya hanya untuk menaikkan citra positif negara di mata dunia.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam proses penyusunan skripsi ini adalah metode deskriptif komparatif. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berdasarkan data primer dalam bentuk situs resmi pemerintah maupun surat kabar nasional dan internasional yang mengungkapkan hasil wawancara, dan data sekunder dalam bentuk telaah pustaka (library research), yaitu dengan mengumpulkan seluruh data dari berbagai literatur yang telah diperoleh dari beberapa tempat penelitian, seperti buku, majalah, surat kabar harian, artikel ilmiah, situs internet, jurnal, dokumen, perjanjian dan makalah ilmiah, yang berkaitan langsung mengenai permasalahan.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Korean Wave dan Cool Japan mengekspansi industri hiburan yang mengandung nilai-nilai kebudayaan Korea dan Jepang dengan bantuan aktor-aktor dari negaranya, seperti pemerintah, swasta atau pebisnis, dan media. Aktor-aktor tersebut memiliki berbagai strategi yang membawa pengaruh terhadap perkembangan industri hiburan kedua negara. Kata kunci : Korean wave, cool Japan, diplomasi budayaABSTRACTThis research describes about the comparison of Pop Culture Diplomacy Strategy which conduct by South Korea and Japan. This Explanation focused on The Strategy Implementation of Korean Wave and Cool Japan at spreading the Entertainment to country all around the world including Indonesia. This phenomenon had a goal to expand the economic rate even though for the first, it just for the positive imaging in the world. The Research Methodology had used is comparative descriptive. The Data collection based on the primary data in government official site, national and international newspaper which have a data related to interview. The seconder data is library research by gathering whole data from several literature which got by some research spot. They’re such as book, magazine, newspaper, science article, internet site, journal, document, the agreement, and Science Paper which have a correlation to the subject research. The result of this research shows the Korean Wave and Cool Japan had expanded the entertainment industry which have the culture value of Korea and Japan through the figure of actor from their own country. They’re such as Government, entrepreneur and even the businessman and also media. Those actors have several strategy which take the influence of the entertainment on those countries.   


Author(s):  
John Cottingham

In many contemporary debates, religion and science are cast as rivals, supposedly offering competing explanations of the origins and nature of the cosmos. This chapter argues that we need a more “humane” model of religious understanding, one that is responsive to the actual role played by religion in the life of the believer. Understanding the world religiously is less about subscribing to explanatory hypotheses than about a certain mode of engagement with reality, requiring a moral and spiritual transformation of the subject. This has important implications for the appropriate way to philosophize about religion. Instead of an epistemology of control, operating through the detached evaluation of “spectator evidence,” we may need to substitute an epistemology of receptivity. In religion, as in many areas of human life, proper perception and understanding may require a process of attunement for the relevant evidence to become manifest.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Nani Anggraini

This study discusses how the world view according to the author in Pramoedya Ananta Toer's novel Midah Simanis Bergigi Emas based on genetic structuralism which covers the world view and collective subject and the surrounding environment and how the author views Pramoedya Ananta Toer's Midah Simanis Bergigi Emas novel based on reality history linked to the literary work. The method used in this research is descriptive analytical method. The analysis technique performed is dialectical technique, namely, prioritizing coherent meaning. Dialectic techniques develop two kinds of concepts, namely "whole-part" and "understanding-explanation". Sources of data in this study used primary data sources in the form of a novel entitled Midah Simanis Bergigi Emas by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. the creation of the Midah Simanis Bergigi Emas novel was lifted from a social problem that affected it. Genetic elements of the work of Sasta are worldview, author's relationship with historical reality, author's biography, application of novel genetic structuralism. The world view on genetic structuralism in the Midah Simanis Bergigi Emas novel is lifted from a social problem that influences its views on God, the world, and humans. The world view that triggers the subject to identify world views is considered as one of the characteristics of the success of a literary work in genetic structuralism.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document