scholarly journals TRANSLATION MULTIPLICITY IN LINGUOCULTUROLOGY (BASED ON ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF “ZAKHAR BERKUT” BY I. FRANKO)

Author(s):  
Saliоnovych L.M. ◽  
Rubtsova V.V.

Явище перекладної множинності розглядається в статті як ефективний інструмент передачі культурно-національної своєрідності і неповторності ідіолекту письменника, аналіз зроблено на прикладі двох перекладів англійською мовою повісті І. Франка «Захар Беркут».Метою дослідження є зіставлення двох перекладів повісті І. Франка «Захар Беркут» англійською мовою, віддалених один від одного в часі, та відстеження засобів вирішення проблеми незбігання культурем мови оригіналу з системою культурем мови перекладу (асиметрії лінгвокультурем).Методи. Вибір теоретичних (контекстуальний і інтерпретаційний аналіз) та емпіричних (дескриптивний та порів-няльний) методів дослідження продиктований поставленою авторами метою дослідження.Результати. Розглянуто феномен перекладної множинності та еволюція цього поняття протягом останніх десятиліть у роботах вітчизняних і зарубіжних дослідників, зазначено терміни, якими оперує перекладознавство для опису явища (доместикація, форенізація, реінтерпретація). Досліджено сутність перекладацьких стратегій одомашнювання (домес-тикація) та відчуження (форенізація), їх місце серед інших потужних перекладацьких інструментів та взаємозв’язок з іншими класифікаціями та моделями перекладу, їх функціонування в парадигмі перекладної множинності при пере-кладі інтертекстуальних одиниць та текстів різних типів. Проаналізовано сутність інтерпретаційної моделі перекладу та розглянуто перекладацьку стратегію реінтерпретації, що розуміється як чинник перекладної множинності. Система-тизовано причини виникнення явища перекладної множинності, розглянуто п’ятнадцять постулатів, які узагальнюють характеристики та функції феномена перекладної множинності, досліджено питання діахронічної множинності пере-кладів. Зроблено огляд досліджень вчених в області лінгвокультурології, проаналізовано сутність терміна «культурема» та його відмінність від терміна «лінгвокультурема», зазначено багатоплановий характер поняття, підкреслено дуаль-ний характер цього явища, що розглядається як комбінація лінгвістичного та екстралінгвістичного компонентів змісту. З огляду на дослідження лінгвокультурології, в роботі проаналізовані та описані лінгвокультуреми, наявні в повісті І. Франка «Захар Беркут», і варіанти їх перекладу англійською мовою.Висновки. На прикладі порівняльного аналізу двох перекладів повісті І. Франка «Захар Беркут» показано, що здій-снення повторних перекладів дає змогу читачеві, що належить до іншої культури, більш повно осмислити зміст худож-нього твору. Точна передача перекладачем лінгвокультурем, що є носіями культурно значимої інформації, закодованої в лексичних одиницях, є необхідною умовою максимального наближення читача до національно-культурної самобутнос-ті художнього тексту оригіналу. The article deals with the study of translation multiplicity as a linguistic phenomenon, which is extremely relevant because the writer’s idiolect forms the uniqueness of the literary text, and this uniqueness should not be lost when translating the text into another language, especially if the text is retranslated at different times.The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze variants of translation of linguocultural units in translations of Ivan Franko's novel “Zakhar Berkut”.Methods. General scientific methods were used in the research, namely: theoretical – contextual and interpretive analysis, and empirical, in particular descriptive, due to the purpose of the study.Results. The phenomenon of translation multiplicity, which has been studied in translation studies for more than thirty years, is considered. It is noted that the first translations are naturalized, i.e. get under domestication, while retranslations get under foreignization, as the first translation aims to present the original text of new culture that is potentially reluctant to accept foreign text in the adapted form for gradual integration into it, while a re-translation demonstrates certain level of assimilation. Some scientists do not consider these postulates to be proven, so they put forward other theories about the phenomenon of translational multiplicity. Given the research of linguoculturologists, each language operates a certain system of culture units that characterize the uniqueness and difference of language from other ethnocultures, and based on this thesis, the linguocultural units in Ivan Franko’s novel “Zakhar Berkut” as well as variants of their translation into English have been analyzed and described.Conclusions. Linguocultural units transmit ethnoculture, they contain certain culturally important information encoded in lexical units. Understanding the national and cultural content of linguocultural unit acquires additional meaning when comparing translations, which is clearly demonstrated in the comparative analysis of two variants of I. Franko's novel translation. It is appropriate selection of linguistic equivalents of another language that allows complete reproduction of translated text, and the reader will perceive it as a unique, inimitable phenomenon, and the success of such a translation should be facilitated by the studies of the translation multiplicity.

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Natalia Liba ◽  
Tetiana Chernychko ◽  
Vitalii Rybchak

The formation of professional competences of modern economists requires from the educational institution, from the teachers fundamentally new approaches in professional education: the integration of pedagogical, economic and entrepreneurial knowledge, skills and abilities. The aim of the study is to analyze modern approaches to the formulation of the concept of »competence«, to find out the components of professional competence for the preparation of future economists. General scientific methods of research have been applied: induction and deduction, refinement and classification. The modern approaches to the formulation of the concept of »competence« have been analyzed in the article. Historical and terminological analysis of its essence made it possible to find out the components, the structure of professional competence. Special attention has been paid to the content of key and substantive competence. The formation of professional competence of economists must be carried out taking into account the modern requirements in the field of education, educational programs of the specialty. Thus, a highly skilled economist one can become due to a high motivational indicator, confidence in the correct selection of the future kind of activity, the desire to acquire as much information professional material and its transformation into knowledge, which will lead to professionalism in the process of the vocational practice. In the subsequent research, we will substantiate the process of forming the competitiveness of future economists.


2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-207
Author(s):  
Patricia González Bermúdez

Abstract This article is a comparative study of four different translations into English of Federico García Lorca's play Bodas de sangre (1933) carried out in the United Kingdom and Ireland throughout the 1990s. Since the publication of Antoine Berman's seminal article on 'retranslation', this theoretical concept has provided a fecund framework for descriptive translation studies, illuminating the variety of solutions translators provide when confronted with the same original text. This article furthers that body of scholarship while simultaneously providing new angles on Lorca's dramatic work. The comparative approach to several English translations of this classic work concentrates on two key scenes of the play and discusses the linguistic, pragmatic and theatrical adequacy of each translation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-121
Author(s):  
Vera V. Levina ◽  

This paper discusses the various aspects of participatory budgeting as a regional practice. Using Tula region as the example, the author analyzes the problems associated with the selection of projects, the involvement of residents in the process of preparing projects, and the organization of financing. The study has mainly used general scientific methods of systems-structural and structural-functional analysis as well as comparative research. It is established that the consolidation of the participants’ interests is a prerequisite for the preparation and selection of a larger number of participatory projects. Reasons for the prevalence of educational projects and the institutional mechanisms of their preparation are shown. In addition, the article addresses the role of the residents’ interest in the implementation of projects as an intermediate link between their awareness and involvement. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that involvement management and budget planning optimization have a multidirectional effect on the modernization of proactive budgeting mechanisms. As a result, significant amounts of subsidies from regional budgets have been found to have an ambiguous effect on the efficiency of involving residents in the processes of proactive budgeting. Recommendations for improving regional practices of participatory budgeting are formulated; these include control of the number of participants in the preparation of projects and voting, more attention to mechanisms for coordinating the interests of participants in proactive budgeting, and modernization of the mechanism for distributing subsidies. The article proposes the optimal balance of citizen involvement in participatory budgeting and co-financing of their initiatives from municipal and regional budgets.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 821-829
Author(s):  
S. A. Kuchina

The article features the phenomenon of electronic literary text. The research objective was to identify the structural and semantic features of electronic literary texts within the framework of post-structuralism. The electronic literary text resulted not only from the development of information technology: it is also the product of the development of philosophical and linguistics ideas of post-structuralism. The post-structuralism perspective was not repeated exactly on the technological level of the electronic text representation. However, the post-structuralist text theory was reflected in the electronic literary text structure, i.e. its rhizomatic, decentered, fragmentary, intertextual, and simulation character. In particular, the attempt to build cohesion of semiotically diverse components in the electronic environment reflects the post-structuralists idea of chaos and disorganization. The attempt to provide the navigation in this multi-component unity by the key-word hyperlinks reflects the idea of the total interconnectivity of all structural components, i.e. intertextuality. The phenomenon of intertextuality defines the culmination of decenterment and nomadism in the text theory. It is connected with the rhizomatic concept and hypertextuality. The research used electronic literary texts based on Adobe Flash and HTML. The research employed general scientific methods, such as monitoring and description, in conjunction with the method of comparative linguistic analysis. The author concludes that the text perception and electronic virtual world immersion become much more important than the artifacts in the electronic literature of XXI century. The electronic literary text became the poststructuralist concept of the new esthetic object, lost its integrity and composition stability, and opened itself to external input.


Author(s):  
S. A. Kuchina

The article deals with the cohesion specifity in electronic literary texts, which results from dual (verbal and non-verbal) structure of  electronic literary text. The research materials include several  electronic texts (based on different platforms and technologies such  as Adobe Flash, Scalar, HTML 5) that demonstrate the use of conceptually valid poly-code elements in their semantic structure.  The main methods of the research are general scientific methods,  such as monitoring and description in conjunction with the method of comparative analysis and complex linguistic and stylistic analysis of  literary text. As a result, the author concludes that the electronic  literary text cohesion on semantic level is represented in structural,  identical and indexing aspects. All of them are provided by verbal  and nonverbal elements of the electronic literary text. The semantic  unraveling of this or that main topic of the electronic literary text is  provided by the mental combination of verbal and visual elements in  recipient’s mind during the electronic text perception process. In this  case the poly-code paralinguistic elements enhance semantic resources of electronic literary text and emphasize its visibility.


2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 278-302
Author(s):  
Juan de Dios Torralbo Caballero

AbstractThis paper focuses on The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (1848) and analyses the Spanish translation by Waldo Leirós (1997, 2017) through a specific selection of quotations and fragments. It follows the evolution of the narrative thematically through the different sections of the novel in order to present the reader with an overview of the novel’s plot. The poem presented in the nineteenth chapter, “Farewell to thee”, is then examined alongside the translation offered by Leirós; this is followed by a new, alternative version proposed by the author. By way of conclusion, the translator’s faithfulness and dedication to Anne Brontë’s original text is demonstrated, while certain inaccuracies, omissions and oversights are acknowledged and analysed from the perspective of literary translation studies.


Author(s):  
Vasyl Ostapenko ◽  

In the early 2000s, the new term "Unicorns" appeared in the economic literature, uniting startups with a market capitalization of more than $ 1 billion. in five years. In today's highly globalized market, public management is interested in ensuring the rapid development of powerful, competitive companies that stimulate the growth of the national economy. Powerful startup companies of interest to both national and foreign investors. The purpose of the article is to formulate the main stages of assessing the competitiveness of "unicorns" and create conditions for improving its level in the postSoviet space. General scientific methods of analogy and comparison, induction and deduction, modeling, hypothetical, historical and logical methods have been used. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is as follows: approaches to the selection of potential startup projects "unicorns" have been economically justified; a practical approach to creating a social climate and legal framework that will promote the emergence and reproduction of "unicorns" has been proposed; approaches to determining the stages of "death", "resuscitation" and "resurrection" of "unicorns" have been formulated. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the formation of proposals of an applied nature aimed at the development of startup companies in Ukraine. It has been concluded that for the birth and effective functioning of "unicorns" it is necessary to combine human, structural and consumer capital, which will increase the capitalization of the enterprise. It has been determined that the environment of origin and functioning of "unicorns" is not limited to software, but covers all areas where intellectual capital can be increased. It has also been concluded that innovations and startups are a kind of activity that requires not only great knowledge, but also a specific talent sharpened for this type of activity. The ability to propose new solutions is a source of renewal, implementing the principles of intellectual capital, which is becoming dominant in the XXI century. Further research will be aimed at clarifying and improving the proposed options for creating conditions to increase the level and number of "unicorns" in Ukraine. Key words: unicorn, social and economic relations, intellectual capital, development of civilization, economic efficiency


Author(s):  
Sergei B. Tkachenko ◽  

The object of the study consists of the architectural and artistic ensemble of the “Worker and Kolkoz Woman” pavilion created for the Paris International Exhibition in 1937 by architect B.M. Iofan and sculptor V.I. Mukhina as a part of a grandiose architectural idea declaring the aspiration for the future Soviet state and a sacred symbol of communist ideology. The study reveals that the monument was aimed at carrying a more substantial ideological message than just an architectural structure. The study of the sites proposed for the installation of sculptures for prominent figures in politics, science and art, monuments perpetuating the memorable events of Russian history and mankind shows that they constitute an important historical response to the demands by authorities at various levels for artistic solutions to contemporaneous socio-political problems. The subject of the study included the motivating factors in the selection of placement sites for the outstanding work of B.M. Iofan and V.I. Mukhina in the capital city. The article considers the scientific approach to the selection of sites for the placement of significant urban monuments on the basis of historical, cultural and architectural studies following the vector of spatial planning laid down in the General Plan for the Development of the City. The study combines general scientific methods of research (analysis, synthesis) with a number of specialised methods, such as system-structural, formal-logical, graphical virtual reconstruc-tion, complex research and others. Methodological approaches for studying the consequences of non-implementation of urban planning concepts and projects were developed. The result of the research is pre-sented by the proprietary development of approaches to adequate methods for determining the potential im-pact of major unimplemented urban planning projects on the formation of the capital of Russia on the exam-ple of the “Worker and Kolkoz Woman” pavilion.


Author(s):  
I. V. Boiko ◽  

Models are central in many scientific contexts. The purpose of the article is to systematise and theoretically substantiate cognitive-discursive models of translation in the theory and practice of translation studies. The research methods were general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, observation and abstraction. In the perspective of cognitive modelling of translation, the creation of cognitive-discursive models of translation was preceded by cognitive-heuristic (A. H. Mynchenkov), cognitive-psychological (R. Bell), social-cognitive (D. Kiraly), and cognitive-pragmatic (E.-A. Gutt) models of translation. Thus, the development of the cognitive-discursive paradigm has given impetus to cognitive-discursive models of translation, the main advantage of which is the desire of their authors to take into account not only the text in the analysis of translation but also the mental activity of the translator and the reader while interpreting this text. Cognitive-discursive models of translation (T. P. Andriienko, L. Gopo, H. V. Taschenko) primarily focuse on the translator's cognitive sphere and the author's, translator's and reader's interpretation of reality embedded in the text, which results in paying attention to the bilingual picture of the translator's world. Translation in this focus appears as a reworking of someone else's „mental content”, which traditionally consists of interpretation (analysis of the original text), projecting a conceptual image of the source text on the picture of the world of the language of translation and implementation (creation of the text of translation).


Author(s):  
E. Y. Chernyavskaya ◽  
P. A. Pluzhnikova ◽  
A. A. Tatarenko

In the article the authors consider the pricing process at different firms, where price strategies and discounts are used to attract potential buyers and maximize profits. The authors evaluate the most common types of pricing strategies and discounts, trying them on the analyzed companies. As a methodological basis for the study, federal-wide general scientific methods have emerged, as the collection of important economic categories analysis, the year the logical approach is essential to the assessment of the economic year of phenomena, the comparison factors of the studied indicators. The authors of the article evaluate the existing price strategies, which are sufficient number, respectively, for firms to not get confused with the choice, they need a specific study of them. Different types of price strategies allow in market situations to choose the most optimal option, which is necessary in specific conditions. In turn, the seller gives discounts, promotes sales, which, inherently, has an impact on the amount of revenue and creates an attractiveness of the company, firm or other object, that is why the formation of discounts is not only the main element of price policy, but also the method used for creation of financial policy of the organization.


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