scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF INFLUENCE OF INTANGIBLE FACTORS ON ADMINISTRATIVE-TERRITORIAL CHANGE OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (154) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
М. Kosmii
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Material Component ◽  
New Type ◽  
The City

At the present stage of development of territorial communities, the problem of their unification, including the change of administrative boundaries, has become a serious problem. The policy of dividing these boundaries is reflected in the perspective plan for the development of territorial communities, in particular relying on the material component without taking into account the intangible factor. This is quite clearly seen at the stage of formation of new ATGs and those conflict situations that arise in their formation. Administrative-territorial changes, although a manifestation of legal regulation, are a combination of material and intangible factors in the development of spatial systems. The material component manifests itself in the clear regulation of the boundaries, principles and methods of organization of united communities, as well as their powers in the urban sphere. Intangible (dominant) is manifested in the fact that members of the community have the right to determine the vector and specificity of development of the spatial structure of the city or settlement. The analysis of the law on decentralization shows that the lawmakers also put the intangible in its basis: the continuity of the territory of the ОTG; taking into account historical, natural, ethnic, cultural and other factors; the impossibility of reducing the quality and publicity of all services provided before the creation of the community The peculiarity of the transformation of the administrative-territorial structure and the process of forming the ОTG is that the center, as a rule, becomes the most developed settlement, including the city. Lastly, in this regard, it has high prospects for the development of an urbanized area, but this is possible only after overcoming a number of contradictions. It is possible to solve the latter by taking into account intangible factors, in particular property relations, which in the process of joining the city of the surrounding territories, offset the established principles of ownership and people's view of the surrounding space. Our surveys and their results prove that the agglomeration territory and the process of its formation are a consequence of socio-political processes, and the elements of the natural environment, form a new type of urban space, when the newly annexed territories are considered as recreation areas and satisfy the aesthetic and landscape preferences of residents. The latter are an intangible manifestation and, at the same time, a modern trend in the development of urbanized areas, where landscape and environmental issues are recognized as key needs of residents. In accordance with these needs, a transport network is formed and urban space is zoned. A new type of socio-economic, labor, cultural, and recreational ties is emerging. Keywords: intangible factors, spatial structure, urban system, city, united territorial communities, change of settlements.

scholarly journals THE SEMIОTIC NATURE OF THE SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF MODERN PROPERTY

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (159) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
М. Kosmii
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Ideal Space ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Semantic Level ◽  
Communication Links ◽  
Associative Connection ◽  
The City

The article determines the semiotic nature of the spatial structure of the modern city, clarifies the reasons and conditions of its transformation under the influence of intangible factors. The city is determined by the main expression of the spatial structure, oriented to the person. Despite the unity and integrity of the city, its internal organization indicates the presence of a sufficient number of relatively autonomous elements and a variety of communication links that carry a semantic and value load. Based on the fact that the city and its space have always been a synthesis of various functional processes, united by one or another system of communications, the relationship between them was influenced by tangible and intangible factors. At the same time, the intangible is what unites the city at the existing semantic level. Historically, it was the presence of a spiritual or cultural center in the settlement that gave it urban status. Functional indicators of the intangible are defined as a person's desire to remain part of this space, to form its structure. It is established that if the material component of the city is formed in the process of interconnection of existing stationary processes and communication links, the intangible - gives the existing processes a value aspect, and at the same time acts as one of the elements of communication. If in the material sense communications are roads, means of communication, engineering and technological networks, etc., then intangible communications are faith, and also associative connection of each inhabitant of the city, with this city, its space, understanding of needs of development of city territory. Intangible communication forms a set of symbols, which ultimately make it possible to develop a "brand" of the city as an ideal space. The formed intangible semiotic signs of the city encode the perception and understanding of the human environment. Thanks to the signs, a person gives the surrounding space certain meanings, there is a distinction of own (personal, individual) space and its relationship with the space of another person, with the space of all city dwellers, as well as with the spatial structure of the city or urban system. It is established that the city as a living space has undergone a long evolution and transformation of all structures, the end result of which was the formation of a separate urban space as a self-sufficient clearly separated area, where the functional level of human life.

scholarly journals Cultural Memory and Urban Space in Shaping Cultural Identity

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-183
Author(s):  
Valentyna Bohatyrets ◽  
Liubov Melnychuk
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Archives ◽  
City Space ◽  
New Type ◽  
The City ◽  
Historic Cities

Nowadays, in the age of massive spatial transformations in the built environment, cities witness a new type of development, different in size, scale and momentum that has been thriving since late 20th century. Diverse transformation of historic cities under modernisation has led to concerns in terms of the space and time continuity disintegration and the preservation of historic cities. In a similar approach, we can state that city and city space do not only consist of present, they also consist of the past; they include the transformations, relations, values, struggles and tensions of the past. As it could be defined, space is the history itself. Currently, we would like to display how Chernivtsi cultural and architectural heritage is perceived and maintained in the course of its evolution. Noteworthy, Chernivtsi city is speculated a condensed human existence and vibes, with public urban space and its ascriptions are its historical archives and sacred memory. Throughout the history, CHERNIVTSI’s urban landscape has changed, while preserving its unique and distinctive spirit of diversity, multifacetedness and tolerance. The city squares of the Austrian, Romanian and Soviet epochs were crammed with statuary of royal elites and air of aristocracy, soviet leaders and a shade of patriotic obsession, symbolic animals and sacred piety – that eventually shaped its unique “Bukovynian supranational identity”. Keywords: Chernivtsi, cultural memory, memory studies, monuments, squares, identity.

The ‘Closed/Open’ Duality in Contemporary Urban Form

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Melinda Benko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Conceptual Tool ◽  
New Type ◽  
The City ◽  
Time Density ◽  
System Today

One of the innumerable ways to systemise contemporary European urban projects is to analyse the urban form originates from the master-plan concept. The duality of closed and open urban situations is an excellent conceptual tool for classification. This classification helps us to recognise, understand and represent the diversity of the city, as it is present on each level of a settlement and architecture. In the case of “Solid-oriented” projects construction and emplacement of buildings are the main goals. The principle of “Solid-oriented” projects are based on two very different, still existing traditions One is the classical European closed block structure, while the other one is the Modernist open urban system. Today we can identify two new approaches combining those two traditions in different ways. Urban transparency preserves streets, the effect of enclosure, and the dominance of buildings. At the same time density is coupled with spaciousness, blocks are fractured and the environment becomes more complex even within one block. The in-between method, based on the idea of structuralism, attempts to balance the importance of mass and space and creates permeable blocks in a new open urban structure. Besides creating urban volumes or buildings in the city, there is a new type of challenge in contemporary urban design. Since the 1990's attention has shifted to cityscape, i.e. to re-interpreting and reforming open spaces. The international literature calls this un-volumetric architecture. The duality of openness and closedness also appears here. While openness seems to dominate urban situations in contemporary cities, buildings are predominantly used in a closed manner.

scholarly journals Research on the Simulation Application of Data Mining in Urban Spatial Structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Xin Sui ◽  
Xiong He
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Urban Research ◽  
The City

Data mining and simulation of the Internet of things (IOT) have been applied more and more widely in the rapidly developing urban research discipline. Urban spatial structure is an important field that needs to be explored in the sustainable urban development, while data mining is relatively rare in the research of urban spatial structure. In this study, 705,747 POI (Point of Interest) were used to conduct simulation analysis of western cities in China by mining the data of online maps. Through kernel density analysis and spatial correlation index, the distribution and aggregation characteristics of different types of POI data in urban space were analyzed and the spatial analysis and correlation characteristics among different functional centers of the city were obtained. The spatial structure of the city is characterized by “multicenters and multigroups”, and the distribution of multicenters is also shown in cities with different functional types. The development degree of different urban centers varies significantly, but most of them are still in their infancy. Data mining of Internet of things (IOT) has good adaptability in city simulation and will play an important role in urban research in the future.

Hybridization in contemporary urban projects: A descriptive analysis study of the types, mechanisms and characteristics of urban hybridization

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
Shereen Kamil Al nedawi
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
New Type ◽  
City Systems

The hybrid urban system emerged within the cities to define the contemporary urban space, and todefine a new type of social interaction within, as the results and outcomes of the rapid development of humanthought in city systems and infrastructure have changed the daily life of the urban environment, as well as changedthe environmental conditions (which did not exist within traditional urban spaces), which require certain solutions.the research aimed to explain the concept of urban hybridization and define its most important vocabulary, throughthe discussion and analyzing of previous literatures, which turned out to clear " there is a lack of some knowledgeaspects related to the concept of "urban hybridization" and its applications related to its mechanisms, types andcharacteristics " and the hypothesis of the research "urban hybridization at the level of physical, intellectual andtemporal dimension can be achieved throw specific patterns according to mechanisms of hybridization to outputcharacterized by urban hybridization", the hypothesis of research was proved in two selected contemporary urbanprojects, that adopted a clear design for hybrid urban space. The results of the study revealed that the variation ofurban hybridization types according to the mechanisms, forming therefore a relation characterized by characteristicsof urban hybridization.

scholarly journals Using Nighttime Light Data and POI Big Data to Detect the Urban Centers of Hangzhou

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ge Lou ◽  
Qiuxiao Chen ◽  
Kang He ◽  
Yue Zhou ◽  
Zhou Shi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Evaluation Report ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Nighttime Light Data ◽  
Nighttime Light ◽  
The City

The worldwide development of multi-center structures in large cities is a prevailing development trend. In recent years, China’s large cities developed from a predominantly mono-centric to a multi-center urban space structure. However, the definition and identification city centers is complex. Both nighttime light data and point of interest (POI) data are important data sources for urban spatial structure research, but there are few integrated applications for these two kinds of data. In this study, visible infrared imaging radiometer suite (NPP-VIIRS) nighttime imagery and POI data were combined to identify the city centers in Hangzhou, China. First, the optimal parameters of multi-resolution segmentation were determined by experiments. The POI density was then calculated with the segmentation results as the statistical unit. High–high clustering units were then defined as the main centers by calculating the Anselin Local Moran’s I, and a geographically weighted regression model was used to identify the subcenters according to the square root of the POI density and the distances between the units and the city center. Finally, a comparison experiment was conducted between the proposed method and the relative cut-off_threshold method, and the experiment results were compared with the evaluation report of the master plan. The results showed that the optimal segmentation parameters combination was 0.1 shape and 0.5 compactness factors. Two main city centers and ten subcenters were detected. Comparison with the evaluation report of the master plan indicated that the combination of nighttime light data and POI data could identify the urban centers accurately. Combined with the characteristics of the two kinds of data, the spatial structure of the city could be characterized properly. This study provided a new perspective for the study of the spatial structure of polycentric cities.

scholarly journals Mapping Urban Spatial Structure Based on POI (Point of Interest) Data: A Case Study of the Central City of Lanzhou, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenyu Lu ◽  
Min Pang ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Hengji Li ◽  
Chengpeng Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Central City ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Geographical Elements ◽  
The City

The study of urban spatial structure is currently one of the most popular research fields in urban geography. This study uses Lanzhou, one of the major cities in Northwest China, as a case area. Using the industry classification of POI data, the nearest-neighbor index, kernel density estimation, and location entropy are adopted to analyze the spatial clustering-discrete distribution characteristics of the overall economic geographical elements of the city center, the spatial distribution characteristics of the various industry elements, and the overall spatial structure characteristics of the city. All of these can provide a scientific reference for the sustainable optimization of urban space. The urban economic geographical elements generally present the distribution trend of center agglomeration. In respect of spatial distribution, the economic geographical elements in the central urban area of Lanzhou have obvious characteristics of central agglomeration. Many industrial elements have large-scale agglomeration centers, which have formed specialized functional areas. There is a clear “central–peripheral” difference distribution in space, with an obvious circular structure. Generally, tertiary industry is distributed in the central area, and secondary industry is distributed in the peripheral areas. In general, a strip-shaped urban spatial structure with a strong main center, weak subcenter and multiple groups is present. Improving the complexity of urban functional space is an important goal of spatial structure optimization.

scholarly journals Produção imobiliária e reestruturação intraurbana em Passo Fundo - RS

2021 ◽  
pp. 263-289
Author(s):  
DIEGO FERRETTO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Spatial Segregation ◽  
High Income ◽  
Low Income Population ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
The City

This article aims to discuss the spread of horizontal condominiums and planned neighborhoods in the city of Passo Fundo - RS, in the decade of 2010. It is assumed that the new real estate products redefine the processes of socio-spatial segregation, showing the dispersion of the classes of middle and high income for peripheral areas, traditionally occupied by the low-income population. The reframing of the periphery denotes the complexification of the intra-urban socio-spatial structure, indicating the emergence of new patterns of socio-spatial segregation, superimposed on the traditional center-periphery model, constituted in the 20th century. In this context, it is argued that it is possible to recognize ongoing common processes, characterized by significant disruptions with the previous logic of production of intra-urban space.

scholarly journals On the Preparation and Implementation of the Urban Reform of Public Self-Government of 1870

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Natalya N. Okutina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Legal Science ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The City

The study of the experience of legal regulation of city authorities in the Russian Empire is one of the most interesting issues of historical and legal science today. Filling our historical vision of the development of local governance will allow further reform of local governance at the present stage of development. The author paid special attention to the issue of legal regulation and organizational design of the system of local governments according to the City Regulation of 1870. The article considers the competence of city institutions, conducted a short analysis of the interaction of state authorities with city authorities.

scholarly journals Knowledge-based innovation and the city: The case of Belgrade

Spatium ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Ivanovic-Vojvodic ◽  
Aleksandra Stupar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Global Network ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Diffusion Of Knowledge ◽  
New Type ◽  
Spatial Formations

The critical role of research in overall progress generates a pressing need to study the relationship between a city and knowledge-based innovation. A number of socio-economic and political processes influence the development of contemporary cities by defining the beneficial balance between financial ambitions, environmental awareness and sustainability. Consequently, the role of innovation and knowledge has been emphasized as one of the crucial generators of urban success. The most recent initiatives originating from universities and research establishments stimulate the emergence of new spatial formations and digital upgrading, thus setting up a fertile environment for intellectual exchange and the production and diffusion of knowledge and innovations. This article questions the historical, social and technological implications of research on urban space. The focus is set on the case of Belgrade and the newly proposed project of a university campus with its evaluation based on the latest concepts related to the economy of knowledge. This new type of knowledge-based innovation node is intended to serve as a driver of Belgrade?s inclusion into the global network of innovative cities. However, this initiative is still in the domain of paper-architecture due to financial limitations and a change in development priorities by the new government.

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