scholarly journals ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF MARITIME SAFETY AND MODERN WAYS OF ENSURING THE SHIP SECURITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (166) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
O. Melnyk ◽  
S. Onyshchenko ◽  
O. Lohinov ◽  
V. Okulov ◽  
I. Pulyaev
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Maritime Industry ◽  
Maritime Safety ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Ship Security ◽  
And Control

Maritime security in recent decades has always been a separate issue, one that has been acute for both shipowners and crews of seagoing vessels. It has been marked by periods of relative stability and periods of emerging and growing threats, from the days of the sailing fleet to the era of ironclad steam shipbuilding. Certainly, it is difficult to overestimate the significant role of the scientific community, which has long investigated this problem, revealing its theoretical and practical sides. The professional experience of maritime industry specialists has also sufficiently served to ensure that systematic interest in the issue has provided the basis for the development of strategies and integrated approaches that ensure the safety of vessels and crews at modern levels. Without the latest advances in maritime safety, shipping, as an industry, would not be able to achieve the current level of reliability in ensuring shipboard processes. Every generation of mankind has prioritized maritime safety, contributing to improving its standards and stressing the importance of continuous development of the theoretical framework. At least more than twenty million tons of cargo and more than five hundred thousand passengers move daily by water transport, so the concept of maritime safety extends not only to the safety of life at sea, the safety of vessels and the safety of cargo, but also to the prevention of maritime accidents and pollution. The increasing share of maritime and river transport in international freight and passenger traffic has led to the need for increased maritime safety requirements due to the technical upgrading of maritime transport. This process is based on the principles of current control over the process of vessel operation and prompt acquisition of necessary data and relevant information during the voyage, anticipated route and control over the state of work parameters of technical means of the vessel, but the key aspect of safety is assessment of existing threats and development of ways and methods of ensuring vessel safety.

scholarly journals The Role of Gender in Potato Production and Marketing: Case of Sheka Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Feyere Bekele ◽  
Benyam Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Potato Production ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
And Control

The objective of the study was assessing gender roles in potato production and marketing in the study area. Relevant information was gathered from 193 potato producers by using primary and secondary sources of data. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The result indicated that in seed collection (46.3%), land preparation (60.3%), planting (96.8%), weeding (50.3%), cultivation (32.6%), Harvesting (38%), transporting (39.9%) and marketing (68.9%) of women respondents participate. Decisions about production and marketing of potato in the study area was mainly taken by men and in some cases, women participates. The main challenges that hinder gender participation in potato production and marketing was lack of access and control over assets(19.2%), lack of control of income(30.6%), Lack of land (6.7%) and lack of decision making on potato production(39.9%). Therefore, increasing opportunities for women, giving recognition, encouraging, documenting and disseminating their role can have a positive influence on productivity of potato.

Cognitive Ability Determinants of Elite Pilot Performance

1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
David O'hare
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Individual Ability ◽  
And Control ◽  
High Degree

The role of the modern pilot requires a high degree of situational awareness. This involves the ability to search for relevant information, assess opportunities and priorities, and maintain performance under stress. The PC-based WOMBAT™ test has been designed to measure individual aptitude to cope with such demands. In the first experiment performance on the WOMBAT test was compared with performance on a battery of tests of specific underlying abilities. In the second experiment the performance of elite soaring pilots was compared with that of matched pilot and control groups. The results support the theory that the WOMBAT test measures individual ability to maintain situational awareness and that this ability is found in high levels in elite pilots.

scholarly journals Applicability Of The Ooda Loop Theory For Analysis Of Human Error Processes In The Maritime Safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (7s) ◽  
pp. 241-250
Author(s):  
Boyan Mednikarov ◽  
◽  
Siyana Lutzkanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Time Factor ◽  
Maritime Industry ◽  
Maritime Safety ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Fatigue Stress ◽  
Loop Theory

The publication evaluates the applicability of John Boyd’s OODA Loop (observe-orient-decide-act) theory for the analysis of human error in the maritime industry. The predominant share of human error among the range of maritime safety issues is revealed. The interdependence between the different phases of the OODA Loop to achieve the desired state of maritime safety is studied, namely the correct actions in each of the implemented cycles. So, the paramount importance of situational awareness as a prerequisite for safety is proven. The mechanisms for manifestation of other factors endangering maritime safety are also analyzed, such as: lack of competence, fatigue, stress, etc. In conclusion, the role of the time factor in the realization of the OODA Loop is assessed and in this context, approaches are offered to increase the possibility for realization of a quality loop.

scholarly journals PROFESSIONAL ROLE IN THE DETERMINATION OF THE WORK ENVIRONMENT PERCEPTION PROCESSES

2020 ◽  
pp. 157-169
Author(s):  
С.В. Гуцыкова
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Organizational Development ◽  
Professional Role ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Environment Perception

Актуальность исследования обусловлена значимостью качества коммуникации Статья посвящена анализу профессиональной роли в восприятии приоритетных факторов рабочей среды, которые ассоциируются с безопасностью и стратегиями организационного развития конкретной организации. Различия в профессиональной роли, связанные с профессиональной позицией и регуляцией поведения представителей разных профессиональных групп в пределах одной и той же организации, зачастую провоцируют расхождения в том, какие аспекты рабочей среды в первую очередь следует принимать во внимание, направляя усилия на их оптимизацию. Данный момент является крайне важным для планирования и реализации мероприятий по оптимизации рабочей среды, которая будет соответствовать и стандартным нормам требований безопасности, и суверенитету безопасности отдельно взятых лиц в организации. В статье также обозначена весомая роль профессионального опыта в детерминации процессов восприятия рабочей среды. The article is devoted to the analysis of the professional role in the perception of the priority factors of the working environment, which are associated with safety and organizational development strategies of a particular organization. Differences in professional roles associated with the professional position and regulation of behavior of representatives of different professional groups within the same organization often provoke discrepancies in which aspects of the work environment should be taken into account in the first place, directing efforts to optimize them. This moment is extremely important for planning and implementing measures to optimize the working environment, which will comply with both standard safety requirements and the security sovereignty of individuals in the organization. The article also outlines the significant role of professional experience in the determination of the processes of perception of the working environment.

At the Core of Our Capacity to Act for a Reason: The Affective System and Evaluative Model-Based Learning and Control

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Railton
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Reasons For Action ◽  
Rational Deliberation ◽  
The Core ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Capacity To Act ◽  
And Control ◽  
Affective System

Recent decades have witnessed a sea change in thinking about emotion, which has gone from being seen as a disruptive force in human thought and action to being seen as an important source of situation- and goal-relevant information and evaluation, continuous with perception and cognition. Here I argue on philosophical and empirical grounds that the role of emotion in contributing to our ability to respond to reasons for action runs deeper still: The affective system is at the core of the process of evaluatively modeling situations, actions, and outcomes, which is the foundation upon which rational deliberation and action can be built. Taking up this perspective affords new approaches to long-standing problems in the theory of reason-based action.

Cognitive Ability Determinants of Elite Pilot Performance

1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
David O'Hare
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Individual Ability ◽  
And Control ◽  
High Degree

The role of the modem pilot requires a high degree of situational awareness. This involves the ability to search for relevant information, assess opportunities and priorities, and maintain performance under stress. The PC-based WOMBATTM test has been designed to measure individual aptitude to cope with such demands. In the first experiment performance on the WOMBAT test was compared with performance on a battery of tests of specific underlying abilities. In the second experiment the performance of elite soaring pilots was compared with that of matched pilot and control groups. The results support the theory that the WOMBAT test measures individual ability to maintain situational awareness and that this ability is found in high levels in elite pilots.

NATURE AND ORIGIN OF MAJOR SECURITY CONCERNS AND POTENTIAL THREATS TO THE SHIPPING INDUSTRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
Oleksiy MELNYK ◽  
Svitlana ONYSHCHENKO ◽  
Kostyantin KORYAKIN
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Maritime Security ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Critical Problem ◽  
Maritime Safety ◽  
River Transport ◽  
Long Time

During the last decades, maritime security has always stood as a separate critical problem for both shipowners and crews of sea-going ships, characterized by alternating periods of relative stability and periods of occurrence and growth of new threats, which proceeded from times of sailing fleet to an epoch of iron steam shipbuilding. Certainly, it is difficult to overestimate the significant role of the scientific community, which has been researching this problem for a long time, studying its scientific and practical sides. The professional experience of seafarers in sufficient measure, served as a basis of interest to this question, has led to the development of strategies and complex measures, which until now provided safety for ships and their crewmembers. Without recent advances in maritime security, shipping as an industry would not be able to reach the current level of reliability in shipping processes. Each generation of humanity has prioritized maritime security, contributing to improving its standards and stressing the importance of continuous development of the theoretical base. At least 23 million tons of cargo and 55,000 passengers move daily by water transport, so the concept of maritime safety applies not only to the safety of life at sea, ship and cargo security but also to the prevention of maritime accidents and pollution. The increasing share of sea and river transport in the international cargo and passenger turnover leads to the need to increase demands on maritime safety and security.

Morphogenesis of a New Human Herpes-Type Virus Isolate (Sasha Virus)

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 592-593
Author(s):  
R. F. Zeigel ◽  
W. Munyon
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Human Embryonic Lung ◽  
Human Herpes Virus ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Hel Cells ◽  
And Control

In continuing studies on the role of viruses in biochemical transformation, Dr. Munyon has succeeded in isolating a highly infectious human herpes virus. Fluids of buccal pustular lesions from Sasha Munyon (10 mo. old) uiere introduced into monolayer sheets of human embryonic lung (HEL) cell cultures propagated in Eagles’ medium containing 5% calf serum. After 18 hours the cells exhibited a dramatic C.P.E. (intranuclear vacuoles, peripheral patching of chromatin, intracytoplasmic inclusions). Control HEL cells failed to reflect similar changes. Infected and control HEL cells were scraped from plastic flasks at 18 hrs. of incubation and centrifuged at 1200 × g for 15 min. Resultant cell packs uiere fixed in Dalton's chrome osmium, and post-fixed in aqueous uranyl acetate. Figure 1 illustrates typical hexagonal herpes-type nucleocapsids within the intranuclear virogenic regions. The nucleocapsids are approximately 100 nm in diameter. Nuclear membrane “translocation” (budding) uias observed.

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