scholarly journals STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF HIGH-ALTITUDE LANDSCAPE COMPLEXES OF THE EASTERN SIKHOTE-ALIN CATCHMENT BASIN AS A BASIS FOR GEOECOLOGICAL RESEARCH

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery T. Starozhilov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Sikhote Alin ◽  
Catchment Basin ◽  
Water Ecology

The article considers high-altitude landscape complexes of the catchment area of the Eastern Sikhote-Alin and their structural organization as the basis of geoecological research. There are low-mountain, dismembered medium-mountain, massively medium-mountain, goltsovye high-altitude landscape complexes. Structuring and classification are presented for further study of structures as objects of industry indication, including water ecology and the possibility of using high-altitude landscape complexes as areas of development.

Cyanophytes and chlorophytes versus raphidophytes in humic lakes with different catchment basins

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Lenard ◽  
Wojciech Ejankowski ◽  
Władysława Wojciechowska ◽  
Michał Solis
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Humic Lakes ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Catchment Basin ◽  
Water Colour ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Lake Volume

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of coniferous forest cover in the catchment basin and relative catchment area (catchment area to lake volume ratio) on phytoplankton composition in humic lakes. The study was carried out in 11 small and shallow lakes situated in the West Polesie region (Eastern Poland). The lakes were divided with respect to forest cover in their catchment basins into two groups: high forest cover — HFC (more than 60%) and low forest cover — LFC (less than 60%). The study showed that both, land use in the catchments (proportion of forests) and the relative catchment area determined physicochemical and biological parameters in the lakes. The high relative catchment area affects their high productivity expressed by high chlorophyll a concentration and low water visibility. The lakes of the LFC group had low water colour as well as high concentration of total phosphorus (Ptot), reaction (pH), and conductivity of water and a large number of cyanophytes and chlorophytes. The dominant species, e.g., Planktolyngbya limnetica, Limnothrix planctonica, Planktothrix agardhii, Coenococcus planctonicus, were characteristic of high trophic status. In the lakes of the HFC group, Ptot, pH, conductivity of water and the contribution of cyanophytes and chlorophytes was considerably lower, whereas the water colour and the number of raphidophytes represented by Gonyostomum semen was high. The large number of raphidophytes and the small amount of chlorophytes and cyanophytes in the lakes of the HFC group indicated the lake naturalness.

scholarly journals AUTOMATED CALCULATION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CATCHMENT BASIN AS A TOOL OF RUNOFF MODELLING

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Nikita Baldakov ◽  
Alexey Kudishin
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Catchment Basin ◽  
Automated Processing

The modeling of runoff from the catchment area requires automated processing of a large amount of heterogeneous data. The article presents the results of the development of tools for automating the calculation of the drainage basin characteristics based on open source software.

scholarly journals ZONING AND STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF ORGANIC LANDSCAPE AREAS OF THE PACIFIC LANDSCAPE BELT OF RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.Т. Старожилов
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Sikhote Alin ◽  
Mountain Landscape ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Models Of Development ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis

Работа представляет собой продолжение комплексных исследований в целом сформировавшейся ландшафтной школы профессора В.Т. Старожилова (doi:10.24411/1728-323Х-2020-13079, doi:10.18411/lj-05-2020-26). Рассматриваются районирование и структурная организация ландшафтных областей Тихоокеанского ландшафтного пояса России (doi: 10.18411/lj-01-2021-32), включающего Сихотэ-Алинскую, Нижнеамурскую, Камчатско-Курильскую, Сахалинскую и другие ландшафтные области и сопряженные с ними окраинные моря. Констатируется, что на основе применения ландшафтной методологии, на основе сопряженного анализа и синтеза межкомпонентных и межландшафтных связей с учетом окраинно-континентальной дихотомии и данных по орогеническому, орографическому, климатическому и фиторастительному факторам формирования географически единых территорий в рамках горного ландшафтоведения, проведено районирование ландшафтных областей и выделены горные и равнинные провинции. В Сихотэ-Алинской области - Самаргинская, Северо-Сихотэ-Алинская, Восточно-Сихотэ-Алинская, Центрально-Сихотэ-Алинская, Западно-Сихотэ-Алинская, Западно-Приморская равнина, Восточно-Маньчжурская, Южно-Приморская; в Сахалинской - Восточно-Сахалинская, Западно-Сахалинская, Центрально-Сахалинская и Северо-Сахалинская; в Камчатско – Курильской - Западно-Камчатская, Срединно-Камчатская, Центрально-Камчатская, Восточно-Камчатская провинции. Они является одной из базовых моделей «фундаментом» для построения гармонизированных с природой и связанных с океаном экологических, сельскохозяйственных и других отраслевых моделей освоения, в целом пространственного развития областей и их провинций. Отмечается, что при исследовании применялись компьютерные технологии векторно-слоевого ландшафтного метода, которые в свою очередь создают платформу для разработки планов и проектов освоения. Они также является платформой для обучения студентов. Приводятся данные о картографической обеспеченности современными векторно-слоевыми цифровыми материалами. Work is a continuation of comprehensive studies in general formed by the Landscape School of Professor V.T. Old-timer (DOI: 10.24411 / 1728-323x-2020-13079, DOI: 10.18411 / LJ-05-2020-26). The zoning and structural organization of the landscape areas of the Pacific Landscaping Belt of Russia are considered (DOI: 10.18411 / LJ-01-2021-32), which includes Sikhote-Alin, Nizhnemur, Kamchatka-Kuril, Sakhalin and other landscape areas and conjugate seas. It is stated that, on the basis of the use of landscape methodology, based on the conjugate analysis and synthesis of intercompontent and intercompound and intercompoundal dichotomy and orogenic, orographic, climatic data and the formation of geographically unified territories in the framework of mountain landscape, the landscape regions and Mountain and flat provinces are highlighted. In the Sikhote-Alina region - Samaginskaya, North-Sikhote-Alinsky, East-Sikhote-Alinsky, Central-Sikhote-Alinskaya, West Sikhote-Alinskaya, West Primorskaya Plain, East Manchu, South Primorskaya; in Sakhalin - East Sakhalin, West Sakhalin, Central Sakhalin and North-Sakhalin; In Kamchatsko - Kuril - West Kamchatka, Mid-Kamchatka, Central Kamchatka, East Kamchatka provinces. They are one of the basic models "foundation" to build harmonized with nature and the ocean-related environmental, agricultural and other sectoral models of development, in general, the spatial development of areas and their provinces. It is noted that the study used computer technology of the vector-layered landscape method, which in turn create a platform for developing plans and development projects. They are also a platform for students learning. The data on the cartographic provision of modern vector-layer digital materials are given.

Nicht nur Ötzi? – Neufunde aus dem Tisental (Gem. Schnals/Prov. Bozen)

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Putzer ◽  
Daniela Festi
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Peat Deposits ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Impact

Seit der Entdeckung des „Mannes aus dem Eis“ im Jahre 1991 wird dessen Aufenthalt im Hochgebirge meist mit der weidewirtschaftlichen Nutzung des Schnalstals begründet. Um den Beginn der vertikalen Transhumanz im Einzugsgebiet dieses Menschen zeitlich festzumachen, wurden die Seitentäler Lagaun-, Finail-, Tisen- und Penaud tal begangen, um nach archäologischen Fundstellen zu suchen, die eine weidewirtschaftliche Nutzung des Untersuchungsgebietes bestätigen. Parallel dazu wurden Pollenproben aus den bestehenden Hochmooren im Schnalstal untersucht. Die erzielten Ergebnisse bezeugen erst ab der mittleren Bronzezeit eine zunehmende Präsenz des Menschen und seiner Herden. Botanisch äußert sich dies durch den erheblichen Anstieg von Weidezeigern in den entsprechenden Pollenspektren, archäologisch durch die Entdeckung einer Fundstelle im Finailtal, die mit der Weidewirtschaft in Verbindung steht. Die neu entdeckte Fundstelle Jochwiese im Tisental deutet eher auf eine Nutzung des Tales zu Jagdzwecken hin.Depuis la découverte de l’Homme des Glaces en 1991 son passage dans une zone de haute altitude a été interprété avant tout comme un indice de l’exploitation pastorale de la vallée du Schnals (Schnalstal, Val Senales). Afin de mieux cerner le début de la transhumance dans les pâturages d’altitude de la zone se rattachant à la découverte de l’Homme des Glaces des prospections pédestres ont été effectuées dans les vallées du Lagaun, Finail, Tisen et Penaud, le but étant d’identifier des sites archéologiques qui pourraient étayer l’hypothèse d’une exploitation pastorale de la zone d’étude. Des échantillons de pollen provenant des hautes tourbières de la vallée du Schnals ont été analysés en parallèle. Les résultats obtenus démontrent que la présence de groupes humains et de leurs troupeaux n’augmente qu’à partir de l’âge du Bronze moyen. Les données botaniques indiquent en effet une augmentation importante d’espèces indiquant des pâturages dans les courbes de pollen correspondantes. Du point de vue archéologique, la découverte d’un site dans la vallée du Finail peut être mise en relation avec une exploitation pastorale, tandis que le nouveau site de Jochwiese dans la vallée du Tisen permet plutôt de l’interpréter comme ayant servi à la chasse.Since the discovery of the Iceman in 1991 his presence at high altitude has been mainly interpreted in terms of the pastoral exploitation of the Schnalsvalley (Schnalstal, Val Senales). In order to document the beginnings of transhumance to high pastures (vertical transhumance) in the catchment area of the Iceman the lateral valleys of the Lagaun, Finail, Tisen and Penaud were fieldwalked, with the aim of identifying archaeological sites that would support the hypothesis of a pastoral exploitation of the area. Pollen profils from the high peat deposits of the Schnals valley were analysed in parallel with this exercise. The results indicate that the impact of people and their herds is discernible only from the Middle Bronze Age onwards. The botanical data show a significant increase of pasture indicators in the corresponding pollen spectra. The archaeological evidence has been bolstered by the discovery of a site in the Finail valley which can be related to pastoralism. On the other hand, the newlydiscovered site of Jochwiese in the Tisen valley suggests that it served hunting purposes.

scholarly journals Transformation of the Watershed Basin of Udy River Within Kharkiv

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Ecological Functions ◽  
Catchment Basin ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Natural Landscapes ◽  
Geoinformation Modeling ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
The City

Purpose. To assess the extent of anthropogenic transformation of the landscape of watershed basin due to urban development and identify ways of normalizing the load on landscapes during the development of the city. Methods. In the course of the study, a set of methods was used: expert evaluation, cartographic methods (including cartometry operations) and geoinformation modeling of the relief. Results. In the course of the study, it was found that the urbogenic transformation of natural landscapes is primarily due to the formation of a system of land uses that prompts the replacement of the ecological functions of the landscape by public ones. The landscape differentiation of the catchment basin, based on geoinformation modeling of the terrain, made it possible to identify the spatial configuration and area of each of its subsystems. It was found that the floodplain subsystem occupies 8.47 %, the alluvial subsystem – 21.4 %, the slope subsystem – 17.49 %, and the watershed-plain – 52.64 % of the area of the studied catchment area. Conclusions. As a result of calculating the coefficients of transformation of land use types and their summation within each of the subsystems, it is established that the highest degree of transformation of landscapes has a watershed-plain subsystem. The average degree of transformation is characterized by the alluvial terrace and slope subsystems. The lowest index of anthropogenic transformation coefficient within the catchment area has a floodplain subsystem. For the territory of the floodplain, zoning of the territory according to the level of anthropogenic load on the landscape of the catchment area was carried out. Environmental measures are proposed for each of the zones.

Contrast of Filament Bright Rims

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 365-367
Author(s):  
E. V. Kononovich ◽  
O. B. Smirnova ◽  
P. Heinzel ◽  
P. Kotrč
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Line Profile ◽  
Line Center ◽  
Magnetic Structures ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThe Hα filtergrams obtained at Tjan-Shan High Altitude Observatory near Alma-Ata (Moscow University Station) were measured in order to specify the bright rims contrast at different points along the line profile (0.0; ± 0.25; ± 0.5; ± 0.75 and ± 1.0 Å). The mean contrast value in the line center is about 25 percent. The bright rims interpretation as the bases of magnetic structures supporting the filaments is suggested.

Structural organization of escherichia coli ribosomes as determined by immuno electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stöffler ◽  
R.W. Bald ◽  
J. Dieckhoff ◽  
H. Eckhard ◽  
R. Lührmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Antibody Binding ◽  
Immuno Electron Microscopy

A central step towards an understanding of the structure and function of the Escherichia coli ribosome, a large multicomponent assembly, is the elucidation of the spatial arrangement of its 54 proteins and its three rRNA molecules. The structural organization of ribosomal components has been investigated by a number of experimental approaches. Specific antibodies directed against each of the 54 ribosomal proteins of Escherichia coli have been performed to examine antibody-subunit complexes by electron microscopy. The position of the bound antibody, specific for a particular protein, can be determined; it indicates the location of the corresponding protein on the ribosomal surface.The three-dimensional distribution of each of the 21 small subunit proteins on the ribosomal surface has been determined by immuno electron microscopy: the 21 proteins have been found exposed with altogether 43 antibody binding sites. Each one of 12 proteins showed antibody binding at remote positions on the subunit surface, indicating highly extended conformations of the proteins concerned within the 30S ribosomal subunit; the remaining proteins are, however, not necessarily globular in shape (Fig. 1).

Clean Electron Microscope Substrate Films Used for Micrometeorite Collection and Study

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 366-367
Author(s):  
D. M. Davies ◽  
R. Kemner ◽  
E. F. Fullam
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Amyl Acetate ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Film Specimen ◽  
Particulate Contaminants

All serious electron microscopists at one time or another have been concerned with the cleanliness and freedom from artifacts of thin film specimen support substrates. This is particularly important where there are relatively few particles of a sample to be found for study, as in the case of micrometeorite collections. For the deposition of such celestial garbage through the use of balloons, rockets, and aircraft, the thin film substrates must have not only all the attributes necessary for use in the electron microscope, but also be able to withstand rather wide temperature variations at high altitude, vibration and shock inherent in the collection vehicle's operation and occasionally an unscheduled violent landing.Nitrocellulose has been selected as a film forming material that meets these requirements yet lends itself to a relatively simple clean-up procedure to remove particulate contaminants. A 1% nitrocellulose solution is prepared by dissolving “Parlodion” in redistilled amyl acetate from which all moisture has been removed.

Ribosome Structural Organization

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
James A. Lake
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Complete Sequences

The understanding of ribosome structure has advanced considerably in the last several years. Biochemists have characterized the constituent proteins and rRNA's of ribosomes. Complete sequences have been determined for some ribosomal proteins and specific antibodies have been prepared against all E. coli small subunit proteins. In addition, a number of naturally occuring systems of three dimensional ribosome crystals which are suitable for structural studies have been observed in eukaryotes. Although the crystals are, in general, too small for X-ray diffraction, their size is ideal for electron microscopy.

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