scholarly journals RANKING OF THE CITY TERRITORY BASED ON THE RESULTS OF CALCULATED MONITORING OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION FROM STATIONARY SOURCES

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
A.A. Ibragimova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Odor Thresholds ◽  
Large Center ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Stationary Sources

The article focuses on a method for ranking the city territory according to the level of atmospheric pollu-tion. Calculations of dispersion of emissions from stationary sources are performed, maximum one-time and average annual concentrations of harmful substances for the city of Nizhnekamsk, which is a large center of the petrochemical and oil refining industries, are determined. Analysis of peak short-term expo-sures is carried out on the basis of maximum concentrations expressed in terms of hygiene standards, reference concentrations for acute inhalation exposure and odor thresholds of substances. Long-term impact analysis is based on the Integrated Air Pollution Index. Based on the results of the calculation of these parameters, the zoning of the city'territory is carried out.

scholarly journals Individual risks to adolescent health, caused by contaminating the air, and their relationship with the levels of specific autoantibodies

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 738-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmila B. Masnavieva ◽  
N. V. Efimova ◽  
I. V. Kudaeva
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The high levels of the air pollution create prerequisites for the development of the pathology of target organs exposed to chemical agents. Big enterprises of oil refining and chemical industry of the Irkutsk region are located in the cities of Angarsk and Sayansk. The average level of the air pollution for several years in these cities is assessed as high and moderate, respectively. The use of the personalized approach may allow to more correctly evaluate the risk for the damage to health and the body’s response to external impacts. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk offormation ofpathological processes in the body of adolescents in the conditions of inhalation exposure to chemicals, taking into account the individual load and study of the level of specific autoantibodies. The study included 373 adolescents from the city with high levels of air pollution and 188 schoolchildren from the city with a moderate level pollution. There was made an evaluation of the individual chemical hazard load on adolescents ’ body due to the air pollution, physiologicalfeatures and the organization of educational process and leisure. There were studied the levels of specific autoantibodies, reflecting the state of the organs - targets for the impact ofpollutants. The calculation of the individual chemical load allows to calculate indices of the hazard for the health problems of each individual and to identify individuals at increased risk of developing diseases of organs and systems, which are targets for exposure to pollutants. The increase in the hazard index of developing respiratory diseases was found to be accompanied by an increase of the relative content of autoantibodies against membrane antigens of the lung tissue. There was revealed the elevation in autoantibodies levels to the proteins of vascular endothelial with increasing hazard index of disturbances in the cardiovascular system in adolescents living in city with high levels of air pollution.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE CONCENTRATIONS AND LEVEL OF HEALTH RISK FOR AIR POLLUTANTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Suchkov ◽  
E. A. Semaeva
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
The Third ◽  
The City

There was executed the complex assessment of air pollution in the city Novokuibyshevsk in 2014. There were outlined basic chemicals exceeding hygienic standards, as well as causing both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk. Average concentrations of pollutants were shown to fail to exceed the average daily maximum permissible concentration, and on the basis of this air pollution index in the city of Novokuibyshevsk was the low in 2014. However, air pollution in the city of Novokuibyshevsk decreased not due to the reduction of the concentration of priority pollutants, but as a result of the revision of the admissible values for formaldehyde concentrations. Individual carcinogenic risks to the health of children under 18 years according to hexavalent chromium, benzene and formaldehyde exceeded the border of maximum permissible risk, and were attributed to the third reference range of risk values in accordance with the R 2.1.10.1920-04. The carcinogenic risk to the health of adults and the population of the city of Novokuibyshevsk as a whole was in the third reference range boundaries only for hexavalent chromium. However, the overall carcinogenic risk for health of children aged up to 18 years amounted to 1.18∙10-3 and moved into a fourth reference range boundaries. The total index of danger with all substances, the content of which was monitored in the ambient air in the city of Novokuibyshevsk, accounted for 17.74 and also demanded measures to reduce air pollution in the near future.

scholarly journals The synoptic conditions of air pollution in Temirtau

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
Azhar Bauyrzhanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Global Environmental Problems ◽  
Synoptic Conditions ◽  
Transboundary Transport ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
The City

The article examines the state of air pollution in Temirtau, Karaganda region, and the dynamics of the air pollution index (API). The API is calculated based on the 5 main pollutants in the city, namely suspended particles, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, phenol and ammonia. The article describes the synoptic conditions of atmospheric air pollution in Temirtau, that is, the influence of baric structures, such as cyclones and anticyclones, troughs and ridges, on the maximum permissible concentration of harmful substances and their time in the city air. The meteorological quantity such as the wind contributing to the transport of pollutants is also considered, and a frequency diagram of the wind direction is presented in order to consider the transboundary transport of harmful substances from other regions. The materials of the article used maps of a certain period of time, such as baric topographic maps and terrestrial synoptic maps, and their analysis was carried out. Based on the results of the analysis of maps of a certain period, the article describes the conditions for the occurrence of synoptic processes favorable for the accumulation of large concentrations of harmful substances in the city. The topic under consideration will be interesting to specialists in the field of natural science, politicians and public figures who pay attention to the ecology of our country, in particular to the ecological system of cities with a large industrial complex, such as Temirtau, and to urgent global environmental problems affecting to the state of atmospheric air quality.

scholarly journals Contributions of mobile, stationary and biogenic sources to air pollution in the Amazon rainforest: a numerical study with the WRF-Chem model

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 7977-7995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameh A. Abou Rafee ◽  
Leila D. Martins ◽  
Ana B. Kawashima ◽  
Daniela S. Almeida ◽  
Marcos V. B. Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Weather Research And Forecasting ◽  
Future Scenario ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
The City ◽  
Stationary Sources

Abstract. This paper evaluates the contributions of the emissions from mobile, stationary and biogenic sources on air pollution in the Amazon rainforest by using the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model. The analyzed air pollutants were CO, NOx, SO2, O3, PM2. 5, PM10 and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Five scenarios were defined in order to evaluate the emissions by biogenic, mobile and stationary sources, as well as a future scenario to assess the potential air quality impact of doubled anthropogenic emissions. The stationary sources explain the highest concentrations for all air pollutants evaluated, except for CO, for which the mobile sources are predominant. The anthropogenic sources considered resulted an increasing in the spatial peak-temporal average concentrations of pollutants in 3 to 2780 times in relation to those with only biogenic sources. The future scenario showed an increase in the range of 3 to 62 % in average concentrations and 45 to 109 % in peak concentrations depending on the pollutant. In addition, the spatial distributions of the scenarios has shown that the air pollution plume from the city of Manaus is predominantly transported west and southwest, and it can reach hundreds of kilometers in length.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION IN ZAPORIZHZHYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (38) ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
K. Belokon ◽  
I. Pirogova
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Atmospheric Pollution ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
General Level ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Air Pollution Index ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

One of the regions of Ukraine, which is subject to significant man-made impacts on the atmospheric air, is the city of Zaporizhzhya. The paper presents the results of assessing the quality of atmospheric air based on the calculation of the air pollution index and the integrated air pollution index of the city of Zaporizhzhya. For the assessment, the data of long-term observations at the stationary posts of the city for 2016—2020 were used for the main pollutants. A list of the main pollutants (formaldehyde, dust, carbon monoxide, phenol, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide) and the contribution of each of them to the general level of atmospheric pollution has been determined. The calculations of air pollution indices were carried out for the average daily concentrations of substances for each observation post in Zaporizhzhya for the study period 2016—2020. The calculation of the air pollution indices for the posts was carried out for all concentrations of the investigated substances, except for hydrogen sulfide due to the lack of data for it. The highest values of the indices are observed in 2017 and 2019, the lowest — in 2020. Over the past year, there has been a tendency towards a slight decrease in the level of air pollution by pollutants. The highest values of indices exceeding 1 are noted for substances such as dust, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide, phenol and formaldehyde. Calculations of the integrated index of atmospheric pollution at posts showed their heterogeneity, the list of measured substances is not unified for all posts. Formaldehyde, nitrogen oxides, phenol and dust make the largest contribution to the formation of the integrated air pollution index. Environmental monitoring in the city of Zaporizhzhya does not include measurements of hazardous toxicants, the presence of which is typical for large cities. The highest level of the integrated air pollution index is observed at the posts located in the zone of influence of the main industrial site, and reaches values of 5,4—9,8, which corresponds to a high level. In other areas of the city, where there is industrial potential, observations are not carried out; it is impossible to assess the level of air quality according to the data of the hydrometeorological service.

Environmental and Hygienic Assessment of Ambient Air Pollution in Oil-Producing and Oil-Refining Areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan and Population Health Status

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Z.B. Baktybaeva ◽  
R.A. Suleymanov ◽  
T.K. Valeev ◽  
N.R. Rahmatullin ◽  
E.G. Stepanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Disease Rates ◽  
Total Suspended Particles

Introduction. High density of oil-producing and refining facilities in certain areas of Bashkortostan significantly affects the environment including ambient air quality in residential areas. Materials and methods. We analyzed concentrations of airborne toxicants (sulfur and nitrogen oxides, nitrogen and carbon oxides, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, xylenes, toluene, phenol and total suspended particles) and population health status in the cities of Ufa, Sterlitamak, Salavat, Blagoveshchensk, and the Tuymazinsky District in 2007–2016. Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) were used to establish possible relationships between medico-demographic indicators and air pollution. Results. Republican fuel and energy enterprises contributed the most to local air pollution levels. Gross emissions from such enterprises as Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim and Bashneft-Navoil reached 43.69–49.77 thousand tons of pollutants per year. The levels of some air pollutants exceeded their maximum permissible concentrations. Elevated concentrations of ammonia, total suspended particles, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide were registered most frequently. High rates of congenital abnormalities, respiratory diseases in infants (aged 0-1), general mortality and morbidity of the population were observed in some oil-producing and refining areas. The correlation analysis proved the relationship between the concentration of carbon monoxide and general disease rates in adults based on hospital admissions (r = 0.898), general incidence rates in children (r = 0.957), and blood disease rates in infants (r = 0.821). Respiratory diseases in children correlated with nitrogen dioxide emission levels (r = 0.899). Conclusions. Further development of oil-producing, petrochemical and oil-refining industries should be carried out taking into account socio-economic living conditions of the population.

The effect of air pollution in the city of Krasnodar on health

2017 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
S.P. Kukkoev ◽  
T.F. Nikishina ◽  
P.N. Nikolaevich
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
The City ◽  
Main Factor

The results of in-depth studies of the effect of air pollution in the city of Krasnodar on the health of the population, which showed that the main factor affecting the health of the population of Krasnodar, is air pollution.

scholarly journals Environmental Regulation and Exports: Evidence from the Comprehensive Air Pollution Policy in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Chen ◽  
Yang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Firm Entry ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Firm Entry And Exit

The impact of environmental regulation has been an important topic. Based on the Chinese Custom Database and China City Statistical Yearbook, this paper investigates the effect of environmental regulation on export values and explores potential mechanisms and heterogeneous effects. Taking advantage of China’s first comprehensive air pollution prevention and control plan, the Air Pollution Control in Key Zones policy, as a quasi-natural experiment, we employ the difference-in-differences method to examine the causal relationship between environmental regulation and exports. We find the statistically significant and negative effect of environmental regulation on exports at the city level. Moreover, we find that the potential mechanism is the change in export values caused by firm entry and exit, especially by exiters, rather than the change in the number of exporting firms in the city caused by firm entry and exit. In addition, we find the heterogeneous effects of environmental regulation based on the differences of environmental policy across cities and the Broad Economic Categories classification.

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