A Model of Positive Strategic Sensemaking for Meaningfulness

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarja PÄÄKKÖNEN ◽  
Satu MIETTINEN ◽  
Melanie SARANTOU
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Strategic Direction ◽  
Design Perspective ◽  
Human Centred Design

This article proposes a design perspective on strategizing by presenting a Model of Positive Strategic Sensemaking for Meaningfulness. Theory elaboration is used drawing from three related disciplinary fields; strategizing, sensemaking and design. It is proposed that positive and human-centred design facilitation enhances strategizing as an ongoing embodied and material activity where meaning changes in strategy and vision may emerge. By viewing strategizing as a socially constructed evolving phenomenon the model adopts sensemaking and critical theory perspectives where the consequences of decisions for human beings and environment guide further activities. Designers as co-strategist may support or challenge an existing strategic direction resulting in incremental or more radical meaning changes among those affected by, and affecting, the emergence of strategies.

Family Participation in Challenger Baseball: Critical Theory Perspectives

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lupe Castañ ◽  
Claudine Sherrill
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Head Coach ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
The Social ◽  
Field Notes

The purpose was to analyze the social construction of Challenger baseball opportunities in a selected community. Participants were 10 boys and 6 girls with mental and/or physical disabilities (ages 7 to 16 years, M = 11.31), their families, and the head coach. Data were collected through interviews in the homes with all family members, participant observation at practices and games, and field notes. The research design was qualitative, and critical theory guided interpretation. Analytical induction revealed five outcomes that were particularly meaningful as families and coach socially constructed Challenger baseball: (a) fun and enjoyment, (b) positive affect related to equal opportunity and feelings of “normalcy,” (c) social networking/emotional support for families, (d) baseball knowledge and skills, and (e) social interactions with peers.

The entanglement of knowing and being: Hegel, ontology and education in the 21st century

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-39
Author(s):  
Brendan Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Social Ontology ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Relational Ontology ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Contemporary Education ◽  
Space Recognition

There has been a revived interest Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. Notions emanating from his philosophy concerning the human person and that human beings together create and sustain phenomena through social practice speaks of a relational ontology that has relevance for contemporary education. This article argues that such ontology needs to be considered alongside the epistemological concerns of education. From Hegel’s writing, five interdependent ideas are delineated which have relevance for a relational ontology appropriate for contemporary education ‐ consciousness, self-consciousness, social space, recognition and identity. From these, three propositions for a social ontology of education ‐ learning as a socially constructed activity, learning as the formation of identity and learning as recognition ‐ are posited and discussed.

Human Nature, Non-human Nature, and Needs

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Biro
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
Instrumental Rationality ◽  
Communicative Rationality ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Needs

This chapter assesses the relevance of Frankfurt School critical theory for contemporary environmental political theory. Early Frankfurt School thinkers such as Adorno, Horkheimer, and Marcuse developed a critique of instrumental rationality that provides a powerful framework for understanding the domination of nature in modernity, including an inability to articulate and defend human needs. Habermas subsequently attempts to mitigate this totalizing critique, countering instrumental rationality with a focus on communicative rationality. This Habermasian turn both provides new openings and forecloses certain possibilities for environmental political theory; deliberative democracy is emphasized, but with a renewed commitment to anthropocentrism. The chapter then explores whether Habermas’s communicative turn could be “greened,” either through an expansion of the subjects of communicative rationality, or by critically examining the extent to which human beings themselves can articulate their genuine needs.

Richard Wright’s Mission

2018 ◽  
pp. 86-104
Author(s):  
Marilyn Nissim-Sabat
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
South Side ◽  
Native Son ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
Human Need

Some readers of Wright’s work have criticized him for failing to portray healthy human connection or solidarity. In her chapter, Marilyn Nissim-Sabbat maintains that Wright was deeply aware that people could only live as human beings through meaningful relations with one another. Wright understood both that the human need for solidarity runs deep and that the ability to forge it can be damaged. Without such solidarity, alienation from oneself and others will crush “Bigger” and Bigger-like characters on the South Side of Chicago and globally. Wright therefore championed the healing made possible by qualitatively enlarging our lived-experience of and with one another. Essential to articulating and acting on this need is a critical theory of transcendence that is implicit in Wright’s work. Such a theory emerges in this essay through a critique of Simone de Beauvoir’s views on identity politics and cross-group identity in The Second Sex as contrasted with parallel discussions by Wright in Native Son.

scholarly journals Using Language to Rage against Victorian Hierarchy: Self-constructed Feminist Identity in Jane Eyre

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yao Chiachen ◽  
Ya-huei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Charlotte Bronte ◽  
Jane Eyre ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Victorian England ◽  
Sense Of Competence ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
True Love ◽  
And Gender

<p class="AbstractText">All human beings seek certain identities in order to understand their existence and position in society, the groups to which they belong, and the unique characteristics they have. This paper examines how, in <em>Jane Eyre</em>, Charlotte Bronte examines socially constructed institutionalism in Victorian England. This paper also explores how the protagonist, Jane Eyre, oppressed due to her social class and gender, struggles to live with equality, dignity, and freedom, and finally reaches independence and self-fulfillment. Jane successfully completes the stages of identity development, and, after acquiring a sense of competence, achieves happiness and intimacy in an equal partnership with her true love, Mr. Rochester.</p>

scholarly journals Irony According to Rorty’s Human Philosophy Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Martina Prativi ◽  
Ahsan Siraj
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Richard Rorty ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Basic Ideas

In the humanist philosophy of Richard Rorty, the existence and concept of nihilism is used to scrutinize the theory of irony. Nihilism and the humanitarian crisis of cruelty underpin Rorty’s philosophical thinking. One of his basic ideas is how humans have a particular attitude in perceiving reality, which can be found in terms of irony. This term provides a humanist grounding for coping with humanitarian issues in the present day, in this regard functioning as a frame for understanding put forward by Rorty within human selfhood. This literature review is based on both primary and secondary sources, with the formers referring to books written by Rorty, while the latter comprises information from books, journals, articles, and research papers discussing Rorty and human philosophy, especially existentialism. The research steps undertaken were data collection, classification, description, and analysis, and methodological elements were interpretation, heuristics, compilation, and reflection. The results provide an understanding of the use of Rorty’s word, “irony,” a consequence of humans tending to overlook their position as human beings. Humans are apparently ironic for seeing things critically, yet are capable of taking steps in any conditions. The meaning of irony can be understood as humans in the present day acting for others (in a social context). The virtue of ironists is conscious thought that may exist regarding the presence of others inside themselves, with language simply being an intermediary, functioning as a tool for dialectical needs. Humans construct history by considering three things that can be classified as morality, language, and socially constructed basic investigations.

How lost and accomplished revolutions shaped psychology: Early Critical Theory (Frankfurt School), Wilhelm Reich, and Vygotsky

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-222
Author(s):  
Gordana Jovanović
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Critical Theory ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Wilhelm Reich

On the occasion of recent centenaries of revolutions in Europe (1917, 1918–19), this article examines, within a general theme of different forms of relationships between revolution and psychology, two types of theories. First, this paper analyses Western theories that, while developing under conditions of a missed or lost revolution in Germany, argued for radical social change by referring to Marxism and psychoanalysis as necessary theoretical tools (Frankfurt School and Wilhelm Reich). Second, this paper analyses the influence of the October Revolution on the development of the psychological theory of Lev Vygotsky in the Soviet Union. In sum, psychology under the conditions of missed or lost revolution was conceptualized as a psychology of the unconscious, of the repression of human needs. Psychology under the conditions of accomplished revolution was conceptualized as a historical social psychology of self-mastery of human beings as social beings.

‘For pagans laugh to hear women teach’: Gender Stereotypes in the Didascalia Apostolorum

1998 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
Charlotte Methuen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Women's History ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Gender History ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Femininity And Masculinity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Women’S History

The broader theme of gender and Christian religion presupposes three definitions: of Christianity, of religion, and of gender. Probably none of these is as simple as it might first appear, but that of gender is perhaps the most critical for our theme. Although there are still some who would use the terms ‘gender’ and ‘sex’ interchangeably, there is a growing tendency to recognize an important distinction between gender – that is, femininity and masculinity, regarded as largely socially constructed – and sex, the biological distinction between male and female human beings. Gender is best considered as born out of interactions between men and women. This means that the gender roles which make up what we experience as masculinity and femininity cannot be defined by looking only at men or at women, although ideas about both can be gained from looking at one group or the other. That is why gender history is different from women’s history, and that is why both women’s history and gender history are essential enterprises. We need women’s history because we need to know where women were as well as where they were not.

My Family and Other Animals: Pets as Kin

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 13-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickie Charles ◽  
Charlotte Aull Davies
Keyword(s):  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Kinship Networks ◽  
Network Diagram ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Close Family

The title of this paper gives a family-like character to animals and an animal-like character to the idea of family. It emphasises the close, family and friend-like relationships that can exist between human beings and the animals who share their domestic space. This type of relationship between humans and their pets emerged during a study of families and kinship and in this paper we draw on 193 in-depth interviews conducted in four contrasting areas of a South Wales city. Although our interview schedules did not explicitly ask about animals, a significant proportion of our interviewees spontaneously included their pets as part of their kinship networks. There were two points during the interview when the significance of pets became apparent: when interviewees were asked who counted as family and when they were asked to complete a network diagram. In studies of kinship it has been said that pets are substitutes for children, providing emotional satisfaction. Here we explore some of the other ways in which animals are constructed as kin and discuss whether such constructions confound the (socially constructed) boundary between nature and culture.

Enhancing Care

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 145-163
Author(s):  
Teodora Manea
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Ethics Of Care ◽  
Moral Enhancement ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Care Approach ◽  
The Individual

AbstractIf moral enhancement is possible, the caring capacity of human beings should be considered one of the first and most important traits for augmentation. To assess the plausibility of enhancing care, I will explore how the concept and its associated human dispositions are socially constructed, and identify some of the critical points and complexities. Scientific advances regarding neuro-enhancing substances that allegedly make humans more caring will be considered and assessed against the main principles that govern the ethics of care approach. I argue that given the relational and contextual nature of care, its enhancement, if targeted at the individual level, can be more disadvantageous than helpful, by overlooking the “webs of care” people are situated in, and the role of social institutions in shaping behaviours, duties, attitudes, and principles.

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