scholarly journals In-vitro Antibacterial activity of Rhus javanica Against Multidrug-Resistant Uropathogens

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Health Concern

Background and objective: Antibiotic resistance is emerging as a major public health concern. From the ancient time in history, different plants and herbs have been known to have medicinal value. Rhus javanica has been found to show antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Thus, present study is designed to investigate the prevalence of urinary tract infection causing bacterial pathogens, its antibiogram and effect of Rhus javanica in standard in-vitro condition against multidrug-resistant. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in urinary tract infection suspected patients visiting a clinic in Kalimati, Kathmandu, from August to October 2019. A total of 133 midstream urine samples were collected and cultured in MacConkey agar and Blood agar media and isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guideline. Leaves extract of Rhus javanica was obtained by maceration using 50.0% methanol andsusceptibility testing was performed by using cork borer method in Mueller-Hinton agar. Results: Out of total 133 samples, 35.3%showed significant bacterial growth (i.e. 105 cfu/ml) on agar plate. The most predominant organism was Escherichia coli 17.3%, followed by Enterococcus faecalis 6.8%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 3.8%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3.0%, Proteus vulgaris 2.3%, and Staphylococcus aureus 2.3%. Out of 47 isolates, 53.2% were Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). Various concentrations of the crude extract used (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/ml) showed susceptibility to all the bacterial pathogens isolated, with the diameter of zone of inhibition ranging from 12 to 28 mm. Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Rhus javanica showed antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant isolates of bacterial uropathogens in standard in-vitro condition.

scholarly journals In-vitro antibacterial activity of Rhus javanica against multidrug-resistant uro-pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Bhavan Saud ◽  
T. Paudel ◽  
T. Sharma ◽  
M. Gyawali ◽  
G. Dhungana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Health Concern

Background and Objectives: Antibiotic resistance is emerging as a major public health concern. From the ancient time in history, different plants and herbs have been known to have medicinal value. Rhus javanica has been found to show antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Thus, present study is designed to investigate the prevalence of urinary tract infection causing bacterial pathogens, its antibiogram and effect of Rhus javanica in standard in-vitro condition against multidrug-resistant. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in urinary tract infection suspected patients visiting a clinic in Kalimati, Kathmandu, from July to December 2017. A total of 133 midstream urine samples were collected and cultured in MacConkey agar and Blood agar media and isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guideline. Leaves extract of Rhus javanica was obtained by maceration using 50.0% methanol and susceptibility testing was performed by using cork borer method in Mueller-Hinton agar. Results: Out of total 133 samples, 35.3%showed significant bacterial growth (i.e. 105 cfu/ml) on agar plate. The most predominant organism was Escherichia coli 17.3%, followed by Enterococcus faecalis 6.8%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 3.8%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3.0%, Proteus vulgaris 2.3%, and Staphylococcus aureus 2.3%. Out of 47 isolates, 53.2% were Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). Various concentrations of the crude extract used (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/ml) showed susceptibility to all the bacterial pathogens isolated, with the diameter of zone of inhibition ranging from 12 to 28 mm. Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Rhus javanica showed antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant isolates of bacterial uropathogens in standard in-vitro condition.

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AGAINST MULTI DRUG RESISTANT URINARY TRACT INFECTION CAUSING ORGANISMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Perumal G
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Drug ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The present study was isolate Bacterial pathogens form Urinary Tract Infection and identified the Bacterial pathogens from UTI patients. Determination of the antibiotic drug resistant pattern of the isolated pathogenic bacteria using standard antibiotic discs Ampicilin (25μg), Erithromycin (15μg), Chloramphenicol (10μg) Gentamicin (10μg) and Tetracycline (30 μg).The study was carried out, in vitro screening of ethanolic extracts of some medicinal plants against the bacterial pathogens Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosawere isolate from the UTI. When compared with standard antibiotic disc selected plants extracts were showed maximum zone of inhibition against all the pathogens. This investigation strongly recommends that phytochemical studies are required to determine the types of compounds responsible for the antibacterial effect of these medicinal plants. Key words: Bacterial pathogens, Antibiotic drug resistant pattern and Medicinal plants

scholarly journals The antimicrobial activity of some medical plants against bacteria that cause urinary tract infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Nehia Hussein ◽  
Noor Ameer Hanon
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Qualitative Detection

This study was done to evaluate the antibacterial activity of hot ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Syzygium aromatic (S.aromatic ) and Q.infectoria infectoria (gall) against pathogenic bacteria that cause urinary tract infection (UTI). Such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Qualitative detection of the active compounds of the plant extracts was done with chemical reagents. Also, the Qualitative detection of the active groups was further verified with (FTIR). The sensitivity of the UTI causing bacteria was examined against 12 different antibiotics. The results show that E.coli was the most resistant bacteria, resisting 8 from 12 antibiotics; P.aeruginosa resisted 5 from 12 antibiotics; while S.aureus showed resistance to 4 only. The antibacterial activity of the plant extracts was investigated by using four concentrations (40, 60, 80, 100 mg/ml) for each extract against two types of Gram negative bacteria (E.coli, P.aeruginosa), and one type of Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus). The plant extracts showed different effects on the growth of all bacterial strains. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the ethanolic extracts and aqueous extracts in the study were determined.The kill- time was determined also for each extract.The antioxidant activity of the plants in the study was investigated. Finally, the toxicity of the plant extracts was examined on human red blood cells.

scholarly journals Pathogens isolated from clinical cases of urinary tract infection in dogs and their antibiogram

2018 ◽  
pp. 1037-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Punia ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Gaurav Charaya ◽  
Tarun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Sensitivity Testing

Aim: This study aims to determine the etiology of urinary tract infection (UTI) in dogs and to develop an antibiogram of organisms isolated. Materials and Methods: Urine samples were collected either through catheterization or cystocentesis from 35 dogs suspected of UTI admitted to VCC, LUVAS, Hisar. Bacteria were identified on the basis of cultural characteristics in 22 samples, and all the isolates were subjected to in vitro antimicrobial sensitivity testing. Results: The urine samples found positive for bacteria yielded pure colony growth in 77.27% and mixed growth in 22.73% samples, respectively. Escherichia coli (29.62%) and Streptococcus spp. (29.62%) were the most prevalent microorganisms followed by Staphylococcus spp. (22.22%), Klebsiella spp. (11.11%), Pseudomonas spp. (3.7%), and Bacillus spp. (3.7%). Overall, maximum sensitivity of isolates was found toward ceftriaxone/tazobactam (88.88%) and least toward amoxicillin and cloxacillin (29.62%). Conclusion: E. coli and Streptococcus spp. were the most predominant bacteria isolated from UTI affected dogs. In vitro sensitivity revealed a significant proportion of bacteria to be multidrug resistant. Keywords: antibiogram, multidrug resistance, Escherichia coli, Staphylococci, Streptococci.

Antimicrobial Activity of Herbal Mixture Extract Combination on Microorganisms Isolated from Urinary Tract infection

Bionatura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1346-1351
Author(s):  
Risala H Allami ◽  
Raghad S. Mouhamad ◽  
Sura A. Abdulateef ◽  
Khlood abedalelah al-Khafaji
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second most common infection after respiratory tract infection. Its prevalence is more in women as compared to men. Approximately 50% of women have an infection of the Urinary tract in their life-time. The bacterial infection is one of the most important bioactivity; using their ability to imitate evanish then distributes international fitness problems into the 21st centenary. Thus a recent study was undertaken to investigate the antibacterial activity of a mixture of three medicinal plants against UTI infectious isolates. The three considered plants were (Aloe vera, Artemisia herba alba and Teucrium polium), which were used in Iraqi medicine for many centuries. The effectiveness of this combination was investigated using in vitro well diffusion method. The extract was tested against four isolated pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp, and Proteus spp). The aqueous extract exhibited antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The mixture extract had the highest effect against S. aureus and Proteus spp, followed by a lower effect on Klebsiella spp. In conclusion, the antibacterial effect of the tested plant extracts confirmed a higher impact on Gram-positive bacteria as compared to Gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, it can be concluded that the usage of these plants as a traditional medicine form can be considered as a strong assistant to regular medicine drugs and treatments.

scholarly journals DamX Controls Reversible Cell Morphology Switching in UropathogenicEscherichia coli

mBio ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surabhi Khandige ◽  
Cecilie Antoinette Asferg ◽  
Karina Juhl Rasmussen ◽  
Martin Jakob Larsen ◽  
Martin Overgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACTThe ability to change cell morphology is an advantageous characteristic adopted by multiple pathogenic bacteria in order to evade host immune detection and assault during infection. UropathogenicEscherichia coli(UPEC) exhibits such cellular dynamics and has been shown to transition through a series of distinct morphological phenotypes during a urinary tract infection. Here, we report the first systematic spatio-temporal gene expression analysis of the UPEC transition through these phenotypes by using a flow chamber-basedin vitroinfection model that simulates conditions in the bladder. This analysis revealed a novel association between the cell division genedamXand reversible UPEC filamentation. We demonstrate a lack of reversible bacterial filamentation in adamXdeletion mutantin vitroand absence of a filamentous response by this mutant in a murine model of cystitis. While deletion ofdamXabrogated UPEC filamentation and secondary surface colonization in tissue culture and in mouse infections, transient overexpression ofdamXresulted in reversible UPEC filamentation. In this study, we identify a hitherto-unknowndamX-mediated mechanism underlying UPEC morphotypical switching. Murine infection studies showed that DamX is essential for establishment of a robust urinary tract infection, thus emphasizing its role as a mediator of virulence. Our study demonstrates the value of anin vitromethodology, in which uroepithelium infection is closely simulated, when undertaking targeted investigations that are challenging to perform in animal infection models.IMPORTANCEUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are most often caused by uropathogenicEscherichia coli(UPEC) and account for a considerable health care burden. UPEC exhibits a dynamic lifestyle in the course of infection, in which the bacterium transiently adopts alternative morphologies ranging from rod shaped to coccoid and filamentous, rendering it better at immune evasion and host epithelium adhesion. This penchant for morphotype switching might in large measure account for UPEC’s success as a pathogen. In aiming to uncover genes underlying the phenomenon of UPEC morphotype switching, this study identifiesdamX, a cell division gene, as a mediator of reversible filamentation during UTI. DamX-mediated filamentation represents an additional pathway for bacterial cell shape control, an alternative to SulA-mediated FtsZ sequestration duringE. coliuropathogenesis, and hence represents a potential target for combating UTI.

scholarly journals Activities of a Nitrofurazone-Containing Urinary Catheter and a Silver Hydrogel Catheter against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Characteristic of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 2990-2995 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Johnson ◽  
Parissa Delavari ◽  
Miguel Azar
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Nitrofuran Derivatives ◽  
Inhibition Zones

ABSTRACT The in vitro inhibitory activity of a nitrofurazone-coated urinary catheter (NFC) against 86 recently obtained susceptible and multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter freundii, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negativestaphylococci, and Enterococcus faecium, which are species implicated in catheter-associated urinary tract infection and which traditionally have been susceptible to nitrofuran derivatives, was determined using an agar diffusion assay. In a subset of these strains, the activity of the NFC was compared with that of a silver hydrogel urinary catheter (SHC), and the durability of each catheter’s inhibitory activity was assessed during serial daily transfers of catheter segments to fresh culture plates. Except for vancomycin-resistant E. faecium, the NFC was active against all isolates tested and showed comparable inhibition zones with susceptible and MDR strains of each species. In contrast, the SHC inhibited only certain staphylococci (P < 0.01 versus the NFC), and among these strains, the SHC produced smaller inhibition zones than did the NFC (P < 0.01). Inhibition was evident for up to 5 days with the NFC, but for only 1 day (if at all) with the SHC (P < 0.01). These data document that, for most genera which traditionally have been susceptible to nitrofuran derivatives, the NFC remains active against contemporary MDR isolates. They also demonstrate that the in vitro antibacterial activity of the NFC is markedly superior to that of the SHC in several respects. Thus, the NFC shows promise for clinical use in the current era of MDR bacteria.

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